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Re: [Paparazzi-devel] Problems with rotorcraft

From: Loic Drumettaz
Subject: Re: [Paparazzi-devel] Problems with rotorcraft
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2014 16:34:50 +0200

Hi,

As Eduardo recommended, did you check vibrations? Have a look at attitude angles and rates when running motors.
Then the pid values in example airframes should be a good starting point for tuning.
Regards
Loic

Le 16 juil. 2014 11:43, "I. Sánchez Ciarrusta" <address@hidden> a écrit :
New info:
 
When I try Att mode, the behavior does not seem to follow any pattern. Two engines are on and the other two are off, and at random times the engines that were on stop working and vice versa.
 
In RC mode, I have checked that the values ​​sent by the rc and the commands are the same, I don´t know if that is correct and if the commands are directly send to the engines or suffer any change.
Escribe texto o la dirección de un sitio web, o bien, traduce un documento.
(I know fomr the documentation that :
Quizás quisiste decir: o si sufre alguna transformación

ppm input --(radio.xml)--> ppm_pulses[] --(radio.xml)--> radio_control.values[] --(rc_commands)--> commands[] --(command_laws,servos)--> actuators_pwm_values[] ppm out )

 
Thanks again:
 
Inaki

 
From: address@hidden
To: address@hidden
Date: Wed, 16 Jul 2014 07:09:28 +0000
Subject: Re: [Paparazzi-devel] Problems with rotorcraft

Hi:
 
I am trying to fly my quadcopter in manual mode (RC or ATT).
 
As is very unstable, it is almost impossible to take off from the ground. So to have more room for maneuver, I fastened with ropes to try to take off to a certain height from the ground.

Following your advice I'm trying to modify the gains until it becomes stable.
However, I need your help because the nomenclature of the terms is not easy to understand.

I do not know exactly what criteria to follow. I have thought about starting setting zero all the "i"s and "d"s, with low "p"s  (changing from the GCS the values of the ​​tabs "Att Loop" and "Rate Loop",  because I guess "Horiz Loop" and "Vert Loop" have only influence in autonomous modes ).
 
My values are:
 
Rate Loop:
pgain p400
pgain q 400
pgain r 350
 
igain p 75
igain q 75
igain r  50
 
ddgain p 300
ddgain q 300
ddgain r 300
 
 
Att Loop
 
pgain phi 1000
dgain p 400
igain phi 200
ddgain p 300
 
pgain theta 1000
dgain q 400
igain theta 200
ddgain q 300
 
(and the same for yaw)
 
 
I have another question: I usually fly comercial quads, very stable ones. Comercial quad copters (with NO autopiltot) have some kind of help for the stability? Why the one I am using for paparazzi is so unstable (dji f450); i have to change smth in the code?
 
Thank you very much in advance!!!
 
Inaki
 
 
 
 
From: address@hidden
To: address@hidden
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2014 09:50:12 +0000
Subject: Re: [Paparazzi-devel] Problems with rotorcraft

Hi Alonso,
thanks for your answer.
 
I will try that.
 
What is the best way for testing if the autopilot acts to control the attitude? Maybe start with AP_MODE:ATTITDE_DIRECT and then pass to "HOVER" or CF mode?
Is there a standard procedure?
 
Perhaps another problem is a bad vibration isolation of the board?
 
Thanks again! 

 
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2014 22:56:44 -0600
From: address@hidden
To: address@hidden
Subject: Re: [Paparazzi-devel] Problems with rotorcraft

maybe you should try the mode  AP_MODE_ATTITUDE_DIRECT, in this mode it does not matter if the barometer works. It is ok to use one battery as long as you are giving the Lisa/M 5V .  You will not get good performance without a barometer in automatic modes. If you have a Aspirin 2.2 then it does have a barometer. Try adding this  <configure name="LISA_M_BARO" value="BARO_MS5611_SPI"/> after <target name="ap" board="lisa_m_2.0">  .  


On Tue, Jul 8, 2014 at 3:29 AM, I. Sánchez Ciarrusta <address@hidden> wrote:

Hi all.

 

I have recently tried to fly a quad (in + configuration) with paparazzi, and it was impossible to fly it.

It was really difficult to control, absolutelly unstable.

In addition, sometimes the PFD got “frozen” (and other times responded with delay), with  no apparent reason.

We tried the hover mode, to observe if the autopilot actuated in every control, but nothing happened.

 

We are using Paparazzi v5.1_devel, LisaM/v2 board with NO barometer, aspirin 2.2 IMU, and ublox LEA-5 GPS.

The accelerometers and magnetometers are well calibrated.

  

Any advice is really appreciated.

 

Maybe is a problem because of not having barometer? Maybe the autopilot and the motors have to be alimented with separate batteries?  I saw some reported problems in the mailing list, but I don´t know exactly how related are with my problem.

 

Thanks in advance.

 

Here is the airframe code we used:

 

<!DOCTYPE airframe SYSTEM "../airframe.dtd">

 

 

 

<airframe name="Quadrotor LisaM_2.0 pwm">

 

  <firmware name="rotorcraft">

    <target name="ap" board="lisa_m_2.0">

      <define name="NO_RC_THRUST_LIMIT"/>

   

      <configure name="AHRS_PROPAGATE_FREQUENCY" value="500"/>

    </target>

 

    <target name="nps" board="pc">

      <subsystem name="fdm" type="jsbsim"/>

      <subsystem name="radio_control" type="ppm"/>  

    </target>

 

    <subsystem name="motor_mixing"/>

    <subsystem name="actuators"     type="pwm">

      <define name="SERVO_HZ" value="400"/>

     

    </subsystem>

 

     <subsystem name="radio_control" type="ppm">       

        <configure name="RADIO_CONTROL_PPM_PIN" value="SERVO6"/>

    </subsystem>

 

     <subsystem name="telemetry"     type="transparent">  

                <configure name="MODEM_BAUD"    value="B57600"/>

                <configure name="MODEM_PORT"    value="UART2"/>

    </subsystem>

 

    <subsystem name="imu"           type="aspirin_v2.2"/>

 

    <subsystem name="gps"           type="ublox">           

                <configure name="GPS_PORT"    value="UART3"/>    

    </subsystem>

    <subsystem name="stabilization" type="int_quat"/>

    <subsystem name="ahrs"          type="int_cmpl_quat">

      <define name="AHRS_GRAVITY_HEURISTIC_FACTOR" value="30"/>

    </subsystem>

    <subsystem name="ins"/> 

 

    <!--define name="KILL_ON_GROUND_DETECT" value="TRUE"/-->

    <define name="TELEMETRY_MODE_FBW" value="1" />

  </firmware>

 

 

  <modules main_freq="512">

 

  <load name="gps_ubx_ucenter.xml">           

                <define name="GPS_UBX_NAV5_DYNAMICS"  value="NAV5_DYN_PEDESTRIAN"/>

               

  </load>

  </modules>

  <servos driver="Pwm">

    <servo name="FRONT"   no="0" min="1000" neutral="1100" max="1900"/>

    <servo name="BACK"    no="1" min="1000" neutral="1100" max="1900"/>

    <servo name="RIGHT"   no="2" min="1000" neutral="1100" max="1900"/>

    <servo name="LEFT"    no="3" min="1000" neutral="1100" max="1900"/>

  </servos>

 

  <commands>

    <axis name="ROLL"   failsafe_value="0"/>

    <axis name="PITCH"  failsafe_value="0"/>

    <axis name="YAW"    failsafe_value="0"/>

    <axis name="THRUST" failsafe_value="0"/>

  </commands>

 

  <section name="MIXING" prefix="MOTOR_MIXING_">

    <define name="TRIM_ROLL" value="0"/>

    <define name="TRIM_PITCH" value="0"/>

    <define name="TRIM_YAW" value="0"/>

    <define name="NB_MOTOR" value="4"/>

    <define name="SCALE" value="256"/>

    <!-- front/back turning CW, right/left CCW -->

    <define name="ROLL_COEF"   value="{    0,    0, -256,  256 }"/>

    <define name="PITCH_COEF"  value="{  256, -256,    0,    0 }"/>

    <define name="YAW_COEF"    value="{ -256, -256,  256,  256 }"/>

    <define name="THRUST_COEF" value="{  256,  256,  256,  256 }"/>

  </section>

 

  <command_laws>

    <call fun="motor_mixing_run(autopilot_motors_on,FALSE,values)"/>

    <set servo="FRONT"  value="motor_mixing.commands[SERVO_FRONT]"/>

    <set servo="BACK"   value="motor_mixing.commands[SERVO_BACK]"/>

    <set servo="RIGHT"  value="motor_mixing.commands[SERVO_RIGHT]"/>

    <set servo="LEFT"   value="motor_mixing.commands[SERVO_LEFT]"/>

  </command_laws>

<!-- inaki he puesto mis valores-->

  <section name="IMU" prefix="IMU_">

   <define name="ACCEL_X_NEUTRAL" value="24"/>

  <define name="ACCEL_Y_NEUTRAL" value="8"/>

  <define name="ACCEL_Z_NEUTRAL" value="264"/>

  <define name="ACCEL_X_SENS" value="4.93314498567" integer="16"/>

  <define name="ACCEL_Y_SENS" value="4.86671471234" integer="16"/>

  <define name="ACCEL_Z_SENS" value="4.86346803582" integer="16"/>

 

    <!-- REEMPLAZADO POR MI CALIBRACION INAKI -->

    <define name="MAG_X_NEUTRAL" value="8"/>

    <define name="MAG_Y_NEUTRAL" value="-12"/>

    <define name="MAG_Z_NEUTRAL" value="35"/>

    <define name="MAG_X_SENS" value="3.53511175627" integer="16"/>

    <define name="MAG_Y_SENS" value="3.49864611794" integer="16"/>

    <define name="MAG_Z_SENS" value="3.96410626337" integer="16"/>

 

    <define name="BODY_TO_IMU_PHI"   value="0." unit="deg"/>

    <define name="BODY_TO_IMU_THETA" value="0." unit="deg"/>

    <define name="BODY_TO_IMU_PSI"   value="0." unit="deg"/>

  </section>

 

  <section name="AHRS" prefix="AHRS_">

    <define name="H_X" value="0.3770441"/>

    <define name="H_Y" value="0.0193986"/>

    <define name="H_Z" value="0.9259921"/>

  </section>

 

  <section name="INS" prefix="INS_">

  </section>

 

  <section name="STABILIZATION_RATE" prefix="STABILIZATION_RATE_">

    <!-- setpoints -->

    <define name="SP_MAX_P" value="10000"/>

    <define name="SP_MAX_Q" value="10000"/>

    <define name="SP_MAX_R" value="10000"/>

    <define name="DEADBAND_P" value="20"/>

    <define name="DEADBAND_Q" value="20"/>

    <define name="DEADBAND_R" value="200"/>

    <define name="REF_TAU" value="4"/>

 

    <!-- feedback -->

    <define name="GAIN_P" value="400"/>

    <define name="GAIN_Q" value="400"/>

    <define name="GAIN_R" value="350"/>

 

    <define name="IGAIN_P" value="75"/>

    <define name="IGAIN_Q" value="75"/>

    <define name="IGAIN_R" value="50"/>

 

    <!-- feedforward -->

    <define name="DDGAIN_P" value="300"/>

    <define name="DDGAIN_Q" value="300"/>

    <define name="DDGAIN_R" value="300"/>

  </section>

 

 

  <section name="STABILIZATION_ATTITUDE" prefix="STABILIZATION_ATTITUDE_">

    <!-- setpoints -->

    <define name="SP_MAX_PHI"     value="45." unit="deg"/>

    <define name="SP_MAX_THETA"   value="45." unit="deg"/>

    <define name="SP_MAX_R"       value="90." unit="deg/s"/>

    <define name="DEADBAND_A"     value="0"/>

    <define name="DEADBAND_E"     value="0"/>

    <define name="DEADBAND_R"     value="250"/>

 

    <!-- reference -->

    <define name="REF_OMEGA_P"  value="400" unit="deg/s"/>  

    <define name="REF_ZETA_P"   value="0.85"/>

    <define name="REF_MAX_P"    value="400." unit="deg/s"/>

    <define name="REF_MAX_PDOT" value="RadOfDeg(8000.)"/>

 

    <define name="REF_OMEGA_Q"  value="400" unit="deg/s"/>

    <define name="REF_ZETA_Q"   value="0.85"/>

    <define name="REF_MAX_Q"    value="400." unit="deg/s"/>

    <define name="REF_MAX_QDOT" value="RadOfDeg(8000.)"/>

 

    <define name="REF_OMEGA_R"  value="250" unit="deg/s"/>

    <define name="REF_ZETA_R"   value="0.85"/>

    <define name="REF_MAX_R"    value="180." unit="deg/s"/>

    <define name="REF_MAX_RDOT" value="RadOfDeg(1800.)"/>

 

    <!-- feedback -->

    <define name="PHI_PGAIN"  value="1000"/>

    <define name="PHI_DGAIN"  value="400"/>

    <define name="PHI_IGAIN"  value="200"/>

 

    <define name="THETA_PGAIN"  value="1000"/>

    <define name="THETA_DGAIN"  value="400"/>

    <define name="THETA_IGAIN"  value="200"/>

 

    <define name="PSI_PGAIN"  value="500"/>

    <define name="PSI_DGAIN"  value="300"/>

    <define name="PSI_IGAIN"  value="10"/>

 

    <!-- feedforward -->

    <define name="PHI_DDGAIN"   value="300"/>

    <define name="THETA_DDGAIN" value="300"/>

    <define name="PSI_DDGAIN"   value="300"/>

  </section>

 

  <section name="GUIDANCE_V" prefix="GUIDANCE_V_">

    <define name="MIN_ERR_Z"   value="POS_BFP_OF_REAL(-10.)"/>

    <define name="MAX_ERR_Z"   value="POS_BFP_OF_REAL( 10.)"/>

    <define name="MIN_ERR_ZD"  value="SPEED_BFP_OF_REAL(-10.)"/>

    <define name="MAX_ERR_ZD"  value="SPEED_BFP_OF_REAL( 10.)"/>

    <define name="MAX_SUM_ERR" value="2000000"/>

    <define name="HOVER_KP"    value="150"/>

    <define name="HOVER_KD"    value="80"/>

    <define name="HOVER_KI"    value="20"/>

    <define name="NOMINAL_HOVER_THROTTLE" value="0.6"/>

    <define name="ADAPT_THROTTLE_ENABLED" value="TRUE"/>

  </section>

 

  <section name="GUIDANCE_H" prefix="GUIDANCE_H_">

    <define name="MAX_BANK" value="20" unit="deg"/>

    <define name="USE_SPEED_REF" value="TRUE"/>

    <define name="PGAIN" value="50"/>

    <define name="DGAIN" value="100"/>

    <define name="AGAIN" value="100"/>

    <define name="IGAIN" value="20"/>

  </section>

 

  <section name="SIMULATOR" prefix="NPS_">

    <define name="ACTUATOR_NAMES"  value="{&quot;front_motor&quot;, &quot;back_motor&quot;, &quot;right_motor&quot;, &quot;left_motor&quot;}"/>

    <define name="JSBSIM_INIT" value="&quot;reset00&quot;"/>

    <define name="JSBSIM_MODEL" value="&quot;simple_quad&quot;"/>

    <define name="SENSORS_PARAMS" value="&quot;nps_sensors_params_default.h&quot;"/>

    <!-- mode switch on joystick channel 5 (axis numbering starting at zero) -->

    <define name="JS_AXIS_MODE" value="4"/>

  </section>

 

  <section name="AUTOPILOT">

   

      <define name="MODE_MANUAL" value="AP_MODE_KILL"/>

      <define name="MODE_AUTO2"  value="AP_MODE_NAV"/>

      <define name="MODE_AUTO1"  value="AP_MODE_RC_DIRECT"/>

 

  </section>

 

  <section name="BAT">

    <define name="CATASTROPHIC_BAT_LEVEL" value="9.3" unit="V"/>

    <define name="CRITIC_BAT_LEVEL" value="9.6" unit="V"/>

    <define name="LOW_BAT_LEVEL" value="10.1" unit="V"/>

    <define name="MAX_BAT_LEVEL" value="12.4" unit="V"/>

    <define name="MILLIAMP_AT_FULL_THROTTLE" value="30000"/>

  </section>

 

</airframe>

 


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