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trans-coord/gnun/philosophy categories.ca.html


From: Yavor Doganov
Subject: trans-coord/gnun/philosophy categories.ca.html
Date: Sat, 03 Apr 2010 18:25:08 +0000

CVSROOT:        /sources/trans-coord
Module name:    trans-coord
Changes by:     Yavor Doganov <yavor>   10/04/03 18:25:08

Modified files:
        gnun/philosophy: categories.ca.html 

Log message:
        Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/categories.ca.html?cvsroot=trans-coord&r1=1.9&r2=1.10

Patches:
Index: categories.ca.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /sources/trans-coord/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/categories.ca.html,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- categories.ca.html  11 Dec 2009 19:25:07 -0000      1.9
+++ categories.ca.html  3 Apr 2010 18:25:07 -0000       1.10
@@ -62,18 +62,15 @@
 realment tenen tots els drets que comporta el programari lliure. De vegades
 &eacute;s realment programari lliure; d'altres, no.</p>
 
-       <p>A difer&egrave;ncia de l'angl&egrave;s, on &quot;free&quot; pot 
significar
-tant &quot;lliure&quot; com &quot;gratu&iuml;t&quot;, moltes lleng&uuml;es
-tenen dues paraules diferents per referir-se a aquests conceptes. Per
-exemple, el catal&agrave; t&eacute; &quot;lliure&quot; i
-&quot;gratu&iuml;t&quot;. En angl&egrave;s hi ha tamb&eacute; el mot
-&quot;gratis&quot;, que nom&eacute;s fa refer&egrave;ncia al preu,
-per&ograve; no hi ha un adjectiu que nom&eacute;s es refereixi a la
-llibertat. De manera que, si el vostre idioma no &eacute;s l'angl&egrave;s,
-us suggerim que tradu&iuml;u &quot;free&quot; perqu&egrave; quedi ben
-clar. Vegeu la nostra llista de <a href=
-"/philosophy/fs-translations.ca.html">traduccions de l'expressi&oacute;
-&quot;free software&quot;</a> a altres idiomes.</p>
+       <p>Many languages have two separate words for &ldquo;free&rdquo; as in 
freedom
+and &ldquo;free&rdquo; as in zero price. For example, French has
+&ldquo;libre&rdquo; and &ldquo;gratuit&rdquo;. Not so English; there is a
+word &ldquo;gratis&rdquo; that refers unambiguously to price, but no common
+adjective that refers unambiguously to freedom. So if you are speaking
+another language, we suggest you translate &ldquo;free&rdquo; into your
+language to make it clearer. See our list of <a href=
+"/philosophy/fs-translations.html"> translations of the term &ldquo;free
+software&rdquo;</a> into various other languages.</p>
 
        <p>El programari lliure &eacute;s sovint <a
 href="/software/reliability.ca.html">m&eacute;s fiable</a> que el que no ho
@@ -241,83 +238,29 @@
 tenen. Malgrat aix&ograve;, tot el programari GNU &eacute;s i ha de ser <a
 href="/philosophy/free-sw.ca.html">programari lliure</a>.</p>
 
-       <p>Some GNU software is written by <a href=
+       <p>Some GNU software was written by <a href=
 "http://www.fsf.org/about/staff/";>staff</a> of the <a
 href="http://www.fsf.org/";>Free Software Foundation</a>, but most GNU
-software is contributed by <a
-href="/people/people.html">volunteers</a>. Some contributed software is
-copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation; some is copyrighted by the
-contributors who wrote it.</p>
+software comes from many <a href="/people/people.html">volunteers</a>.
+(Some of these volunteers are paid by companies or universities, but they
+are volunteers for us.)  Some contributed software is copyrighted by the
+Free Software Foundation; some is copyrighted by the contributors who wrote
+it.</p>
 
 <h3 id="non-freeSoftware">Non-free software</h3>
 
-       <p>&Eacute;s qualsevol programari que no &eacute;s lliure. Inclou el 
programari
-<a href="#semi-freeSoftware">semilliure</a> i el <a
-href="#ProprietarySoftware">programari privatiu</a>.</p>
-
-<h3 id="semi-freeSoftware">Semi-free software</h3>
-
-       <p>Programari semilliure &eacute;s aquell programari que no &eacute;s 
lliure,
-per&ograve; ve amb el perm&iacute;s d'&uacute;s, c&ograve;pia,
-distribuci&oacute; i modificaci&oacute; (incloent-hi el dret a distribuir
-versions modificades) si es fa per a usos no comercials. El PGP &eacute;s un
-exemple de programa semilliure.</p>
-
-       <p>&Egrave;ticament, el programari semilliure &eacute;s molt millor que 
el <a
-href= "#ProprietarySoftware">programari privatiu</a>, per&ograve;
-aix&iacute; i tot planteja problemes pr&agrave;ctics, i per tant no el podem
-utilitzar en un sistema operatiu lliure.</p>
-
-       <p>Les restriccions de copyleft estan dissenyades per protegir les 
llibertats
-essencials de tots els usuaris. Per a nosaltres, l'&uacute;nica
-justificaci&oacute; per imposar importants restriccions en l'&uacute;s d'un
-programa &eacute;s impedir que altres persones imposin noves
-restriccions. El programes semilliures contenen restriccions addicionals,
-motivades purament per objectius egoistes.</p>
-
-       <p>&Eacute;s impossible incloure programari semilliure en un sistema 
operatiu
-lliure, ja que els termes de distribuci&oacute; del sistema operatiu lliure
-en conjunt s&oacute;n una s&iacute;ntesi dels termes de distribuci&oacute;
-de tots els programes que en formen part. Si afegim un programa semilliure,
-<em>tot</em> el sistema esdev&eacute; semilliure. Hi ha dues raons per les
-quals no volem que aix&ograve; passi:</p>
-
-       <ul>
-       <li>Creiem que el programari lliure no hauria de ser nom&eacute;s per 
als
-escolars o aficionats, sin&oacute; per a tothom, incloent-hi les
-empreses. Convidem a les empreses a utilitzar el sistema GNU complet, i per
-tant no hem d'incloure-hi cap programa semilliure.</li>
-
-       <li>La distribuci&oacute; comercial de sistemes operatius lliures, 
incloent-hi
-el <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.ca.html">sistema GNU/Linux</a>, &eacute;s
-molt important, i els usuaris aprecien tenir la possibilitat de comprar
-distribucions comercials en CD-ROM. Incloure un programa semilliure en un
-sistema operatiu podria impedir la seva distribuci&oacute; comercial en
-CD-ROM.</li>
-       </ul>
-
-       <p>The <a href="http://www.fsf.org/";>Free Software Foundation</a> 
itself is
-non-commercial, and therefore we would be legally permitted to use a
-semi-free program &ldquo;internally&rdquo;. But we don't do that, because
-that would undermine our efforts to obtain a program which we could also
-include in GNU.</p>
-
-       <p>Si hi ha una tasca que necessita un programa, fins que no tinguem un
-programa lliure per fer-la hi haur&agrave; una mancan&ccedil;a al sistema
-GNU. Hem de dir als voluntaris: &quot;No tenim encara un programa per fer
-aquesta tasca a GNU; ens agradaria que n'escriv&iacute;ssiu un&quot;. Si
-nosaltres mateixos utilitz&eacute;ssim un programa semilliure per fer la
-tasca, perdr&iacute;em tota la for&ccedil;a moral i, a m&eacute;s, nosaltres
-o altres persones que comparteixen els nostres punts de vista perdrien els
-incentius per escriure un substitut lliure. Per aix&ograve; no ho fem.</p>
+       <p>Non-free software is any software that is not free.  Its use, 
redistribution
+or modification is prohibited, or requires you to ask for permission, or is
+restricted so much that you effectively can't do it freely.</p>
 
 <h3 id="ProprietarySoftware">Proprietary software</h3>
 
-       <p>El programari privatiu &eacute;s aquell programari que no &eacute;s 
lliure
-ni semilliure. El seu &uacute;s, distribuci&oacute; o modificaci&oacute; es
-troba regulat o prohibit, o requereix que demaneu perm&iacute;s, o
-cont&eacute; tals restriccions que no es pot distribuir o modificar
-lliurement.</p>
+       <p>Proprietary software is another name for non-free software.  In the 
past we
+subdivided non-free software into &ldquo;semi-free software&rdquo;, which
+could be modified and redistributed noncommercially, and &ldquo; proprietary
+software&rdquo;, which could not be.  But we have dropped that distinction
+and now use &ldquo;proprietary software&rdquo; as synonymous with non-free
+software.</p>
 
        <p>La Free Software Foundation segueix la regla de no instal&middot;lar 
cap
 tipus de programari de car&agrave;cter privatiu als seus ordinadors, amb
@@ -325,17 +268,15 @@
 intenci&oacute; concreta d'escriure'n un substitut lliure. Fora d'aquest cas
 pensem que no hi ha cap excusa per instal&middot;lar un programa privatiu.</p>
 
-       <p>Per exemple, estava justificat instal&middot;lar Unix en els nostres
-ordinadors als anys 80 perqu&egrave; el f&egrave;iem servir per escriure un
-substitut lliure d'Unix. Actualment, com que ja hi ha sistemes operatius
-lliures, aquesta excusa ja no val; hem eliminat tots els sistemes operatius
-no lliures, i cada ordinador nou ha de funcionar amb un sistema operatiu
-completament lliure.</p>
-
-       <p>No insistim que els usuaris o col&middot;laboradors de GNU segueixin 
aquesta
-regla. &Eacute;s una norma que v&agrave;rem crear per a
-nosaltres. Per&ograve; tenim l'esperan&ccedil;a que tamb&eacute; decidiu
-seguir-la.</p>
+       <p>For example, we felt justified in installing Unix on our computer in 
the
+1980s, because we were using it to write a free replacement for
+Unix. Nowadays, since free operating systems are available, the excuse is no
+longer applicable; we do not use any non-free operating systems, and any new
+computer we install must run a completely free operating system.</p>
+
+       <p>We don't insist that users of GNU, or contributors to GNU, have to 
live by
+this rule. It is a rule we made for ourselves. But we hope you will follow
+it too, for your freedom's sake.</p>
 
 
 <h3 id="freeware">Freeware</h3>
@@ -438,8 +379,8 @@
 </p>
 
 <p>
-Copyright &copy; 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2009 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright &copy; 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
 </p>
 <p>Es permet realitzar i distribuir c&ograve;pies literals d'aquest article en
 qualsevol medi sense pagament de drets, sempre que hi aparegui aquesta nota.
@@ -455,7 +396,7 @@
 <!-- timestamp start -->
 Updated:
 
-$Date: 2009/12/11 19:25:07 $
+$Date: 2010/04/03 18:25:07 $
 
 <!-- timestamp end -->
 </p>




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