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trans-coord/gnun/philosophy software-literary-p...
From: |
Yavor Doganov |
Subject: |
trans-coord/gnun/philosophy software-literary-p... |
Date: |
Mon, 10 Aug 2009 18:25:07 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /sources/trans-coord
Module name: trans-coord
Changes by: Yavor Doganov <yavor> 09/08/10 18:25:07
Modified files:
gnun/philosophy: software-literary-patents.bg.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/software-literary-patents.bg.html?cvsroot=trans-coord&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
Patches:
Index: software-literary-patents.bg.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/sources/trans-coord/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/software-literary-patents.bg.html,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- software-literary-patents.bg.html 18 Oct 2008 18:27:47 -0000 1.3
+++ software-literary-patents.bg.html 10 Aug 2009 18:25:07 -0000 1.4
@@ -17,56 +17,47 @@
<p>Ð¾Ñ <strong><a href="http://stallman.org/">РиÑаÑд
СÑолман</a></strong></p>
<p>
-<em>СÑаÑиÑÑа е пÑбликÑвана за пÑÑви пÑÑ Ð½Ð° 20
Ñни 2005г. в лондонÑкиÑ
-<cite>âÐаÑдиÑнâ</cite>. ÐиÑекÑиваÑа за
ÑоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи бе оÑÑ
вÑÑлена на
-6-Ñи Ñли, заÑоÑо в поÑледнаÑа минÑÑа
поддÑÑжниÑиÑе Ñ ÑеÑиÑ
а да не Ñи пÑобваÑ
-ÑилиÑе. СÑÑ ÑигÑÑноÑÑ Ñе опиÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ñново, но
Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÐºÐ¾ по-ÑазлиÑни меÑоди.</em></p>
+<em>A version of this article was first published in <cite>The
+Guardian</cite>, of London, on June 20, 2005. It focused on the proposed
+European software patent directive.</em></p>
<p>
-Ðа 6 Ñли 2005г. ÐвÑопейÑкиÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ»Ð°Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñе
глаÑÑва дали да ÑазÑеÑи
-използванеÑо на паÑенÑи вÑÑÑ
Ñ ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ â
пагÑбна полиÑика, коÑÑо Ñе огÑаниÑи
-вÑеки компÑÑÑÑен поÑÑебиÑел и Ñе Ñ
вÑÑли
ÑоÑÑÑеÑниÑе ÑазÑабоÑÑиÑи в поÑÑоÑнна
-ÑÑевога.
+When politicians consider the question of software patents, they are usually
+voting blind; not being programmers, they don't understand what software
+patents really do. They often think patents are similar to copyright law
+(“except for some details”)—which is not the case. For
+instance, when I publicly asked Patrick Devedjian, then Minister for
+Industry in France, how France would vote on the issue of software patents,
+Devedjian responded with an impassioned defense of copyright law, praising
+Victor Hugo for his role in the adoption of copyright. (The misleading term
+<a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html"> “intellectual property”</a>,
+promotes this confusion—one reason it should never be used.)
</p>
<p>
-Ðного Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑиÑиÑе веÑоÑÑно глаÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð°
ÑлÑпо â понеже не Ñа пÑогÑамиÑÑи,
-Ñе не ÑазбиÑÐ°Ñ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ²Ð¾ пÑиÑинÑваÑ
ÑоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи. Ðбикновено
полиÑиÑиÑе
-Ñи миÑлÑÑ, Ñе паÑенÑиÑе Ñа каÑо закониÑе за
авÑоÑÑко пÑаво (Ñ Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ»ÑÑение на
-дÑебни деÑайли), коеÑо не е вÑÑно.
ÐапÑимеÑ, когаÑо пÑблиÑно попиÑаÑ
ÐаÑÑик
-Ðеведжиан (Ñогава миниÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°
пÑомиÑленоÑÑÑа) как ФÑанÑÐ¸Ñ Ñе глаÑÑва по
-вÑпÑоÑа за ÑоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи, Ðеведжиан
оÑговоÑи Ñ ÑÑогаÑелно Ñлово в
-заÑиÑа на авÑоÑÑкоÑо пÑаво, вÑзÑ
валÑвайки
ÐикÑÐ¾Ñ Ð®Ð³Ð¾<sup><a
-href="#TransNote1">1</a></sup> за ÑолÑÑа Ð¼Ñ Ð²
попÑлÑÑизиÑанеÑо на авÑоÑÑкоÑо
-пÑаво. (ÐодвеждаÑиÑÑ ÑеÑмин <a
-href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">âинÑелекÑÑална
ÑобÑÑвеноÑÑâ</a> допÑинаÑÑ Ð·Ð°
-Ñова обÑÑкване â една Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑиниÑе изобÑо
да не допÑÑкаме ÑпоÑÑебаÑа мÑ.)
+Those who imagine effects like those of copyright law cannot grasp the
+disastrous effects of software patents. We can use Victor Hugo as an
+example to illustrate the difference.
</p>
<p>
-Those who imagine effects like those of copyright law cannot grasp the real
-effects of software patents. We can use Victor Hugo as an example to
-illustrate the difference.
+A novel and a modern complex program have certain points in common: each one
+is large, and implements many ideas in combination. So let's follow the
+analogy, and suppose that patent law had been applied to novels in the
+1800s; suppose that states such as France had permitted the patenting of
+literary ideas. How would this have affected Victor Hugo's writing? How
+would the effects of literary patents compare with the effects of literary
+copyright?
</p>
<p>
-Ðдин Ñоман и една ÑÑвÑеменна Ñложна
пÑогÑама Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ñеделени обÑи ÑеÑÑи â и
-двеÑе Ñа обемиÑÑи, и двеÑе вÑплÑÑаваÑ
множеÑÑво идеи. Така Ñе, нека
-доÑазвием аналогиÑÑа и да пÑедположим, Ñе
паÑенÑноÑо пÑаво е било пÑилагано
-вÑÑÑ
Ñ ÑоманиÑе пÑез 1800г. Ðа пÑедположим,
Ñе ÑÑÑани каÑо ФÑанÑÐ¸Ñ Ñа
-ÑазÑеÑили паÑенÑованеÑо на лиÑеÑаÑÑÑни
идеи. Ðак Ñова би повлиÑло вÑÑÑ
Ñ
-ÑвоÑбиÑе на ÐикÑÐ¾Ñ Ð®Ð³Ð¾? Ðакви поÑледиÑи
биÑ
а оÑÑавили лиÑеÑаÑÑÑниÑе паÑенÑи
-в ÑÑавнение Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑледиÑиÑе Ð¾Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкоÑо
пÑаво?
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Ðа Ñазгледаме Ñомана âÐлеÑниÑиÑеâ на
ÐикÑÐ¾Ñ Ð®Ð³Ð¾. Ðонеже Ñой Ñи го е
-напиÑал, авÑоÑÑкиÑе пÑава Ñа мÑ
пÑинадлежали изÑÑло, Ñамо на него и на никой
-дÑÑг. Ðе Ð¼Ñ Ñе е налагало да Ñе ÑÑÑаÑ
Ñва, Ñе
нÑкой Ð½ÐµÐ¿Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ð¸ могÑл да го
-ÑÑди за наÑÑÑение на авÑоÑÑкиÑе пÑава и
пÑи Ñова да ÑпеÑели. Това е било
-невÑзможно, заÑоÑо авÑоÑÑкоÑо пÑаво
покÑива Ñамо ÑÑдÑÑжаниеÑо на авÑоÑÑкаÑа
-ÑвоÑба и огÑаниÑава единÑÑвено
копиÑанеÑо. Юго не е копиÑал âÐлеÑниÑиÑеâ
и
-заÑова не е бил в опаÑноÑÑ.
+Consider the novel, Les Misérables, which Hugo wrote. Since he wrote
+it, the copyright belonged only to him—nobody else. He did not have
+to fear that some stranger could sue him for copyright infringement and
+win. That was impossible, because copyright covers only the details of a
+work of authorship, not the ideas embodied in them, and it only restricts
+copying. Hugo had not copied Les Misérables, so he was not in danger
+from copyright.
</p>
<p>
@@ -89,11 +80,11 @@
</ul>
<p>
-Ðко Ñози паÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ðµ ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑвал пÑез 1862г.,
пÑи пÑбликÑванеÑо на
-âÐлеÑниÑиÑеâ, Ñо ÑоманÑÑ ÑеÑе да наÑÑÑи и
ÑÑиÑе пÑеÑенÑии, понеже опиÑаноÑо
-в ÑÑÑ
Ñе ÑлÑÑва Ñ Ð³ÐµÑÐ¾Ñ Ðан Ðалжан. ÐикÑоÑ
Юго би могÑл да попадне в ÑÑда и
-в ÑакÑв ÑлÑÑай ÑеÑе да загÑби. РоманÑÑ Ð±Ð¸
бил забÑанен, на пÑакÑика â
-ÑензÑÑиÑан, Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑежаÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð½Ð° паÑенÑа.
+If such a patent had existed in 1862 when Les Misérables was
+published, the novel would have conflicted with all three claims, since all
+these things happened to Jean Valjean in the novel. Victor Hugo could have
+been sued, and if sued, he would have lost. The novel could have been
+prohibited—in effect, censored—by the patent holder.
</p>
<p>
@@ -106,8 +97,9 @@
</ul>
<p>
-âÐлеÑниÑиÑеâ би наÑÑÑил и Ñози паÑенÑ,
ÑÑй каÑо и Ñова опиÑание ÑÑвпада Ñ
-живоÑоопиÑаниеÑо на Ðан Ðалжан. ÐÑо и оÑе
един Ñ
ипоÑеÑиÑен паÑенÑ:
+Les Misérables would have been prohibited by that patent too, because
+this description too fits the life story of Jean Valjean. And here's
+another hypothetical patent:
</p>
<ul>
@@ -116,7 +108,7 @@
</ul>
<p>
-Ðан Ðалжан би наÑÑÑил и Ñози паÑенÑ.
+Jean Valjean would have been forbidden by this patent too.
</p>
<p>
@@ -127,7 +119,7 @@
</p>
<p>
-РоманÑÑ Ð±Ð¸ наÑÑÑил и ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑ:
+This patent also could have been violated:
</p>
<ul>
@@ -162,8 +154,8 @@
</p>
<p>
-ÐÑв вÑеки ÑлÑÑай, един по-обÑиÑен паÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ð¸
напÑавил вÑиÑки Ñези вÑпÑоÑи
-неÑмеÑÑни. ÐÑедÑÑавеÑе Ñи паÑенÑи Ñ
обÑиÑни пÑеÑенÑии каÑо Ñези:
+However, a very broad patent could have made all these issues irrelevant.
+Imagine a patent with broad claims like these:
</p>
<ul>
@@ -177,71 +169,44 @@
<li>ÐовеÑÑвование, коеÑо ÑазкÑива меÑ
анизма на непознаÑа конÑпиÑаÑиÑ.</li>
</ul>
- <p> Ðои биÑ
а били ÑобÑÑвениÑиÑе на Ñези
паÑенÑи? ÐÑзможно е Ñова да Ñа дÑÑги
-пиÑаÑели, напÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑ ÐÑма или Ðалзак, коиÑо
ÑÑÑо Ñа пиÑали Ñакива Ñомани. Ðо
-не е задÑлжиÑелно. Ðе Ñе изиÑква да Ñи
пиÑал пÑогÑама, за да паÑенÑоваÑ
-ÑоÑÑÑеÑна идеÑ. СледоваÑелно, ако наÑиÑе Ñ
ипоÑеÑиÑни лиÑеÑаÑÑÑни паÑенÑи Ñе
-подÑинÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑеалнаÑа паÑенÑна ÑиÑÑема,
Ñо нÑма да е необÑ
одимо
-ÑобÑÑвениÑиÑе им да Ñа пиÑали Ñомани,
Ñазкази, изобÑо ниÑо, оÑвен паÑенÑни
-пÑедложениÑ. ÐапоÑледÑк вÑе повеÑе и
повеÑе Ñе ÑазпÑоÑÑÑанÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ñакива
-паÑазиÑни паÑенÑни компании â
пÑедпÑиÑÑиÑ, коиÑо не пÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñо
дÑÑго,
-оÑвен заплаÑ
и и ÑÑдебни дела.</p>
+ <p> Who would the patent holders have been? They could have been other
+novelists, perhaps Dumas or Balzac, who had written such novels—but
+not necessarily. It isn't required to write a program to patent a software
+idea, so if our hypothetical literary patents follow the real patent system,
+these patent holders would not have had to write novels, or stories, or
+anything—except patent applications. Patent parasite companies,
+businesses that produce nothing except threats and lawsuits, are booming
+nowadays.</p>
<p> ÐÑи ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑванеÑо на Ñакива обÑиÑни
паÑенÑи, ÐикÑÐ¾Ñ Ð®Ð³Ð¾ не би доÑÑигнал до
моменÑа, в койÑо да Ñе ÑÑди какви паÑенÑи
Ñе го Ð¿Ð¾Ð³Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð´ÐµÑо ползва геÑоÑ
Ðан Ðалжан. ÐÑоÑÑо нÑма и да Ñи помиÑли за
пиÑане на Ñоман Ð¾Ñ ÑакÑв Ñод.</p>
-<p>Тази Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¸ помогнала на
непÑогÑамиÑÑиÑе да ÑазбеÑÐ°Ñ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ²Ð¾ вÑÑÑаÑ
-ÑоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи. СоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи
покÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÑнкÑионалноÑÑи каÑо
-деÑиниÑане на ÑÑкÑаÑениÑÑа в ÑекÑÑовиÑе
ÑедакÑоÑи или пÑеизÑиÑлÑване на
-ÑоÑмÑлиÑе в еÑÑеÑÑвен Ñед в една
елекÑÑонна ÑаблиÑа. ÐаÑенÑиÑе покÑиваÑ
-алгоÑиÑми, Ð¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¸Ñо пÑогÑамиÑе Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð½Ñжда.
ÐаÑенÑиÑе покÑиваÑ
-Ñ
аÑакÑеÑиÑÑики на ÑайловиÑе ÑоÑмаÑи, каÑо
напÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñе ÑоÑмаÑи на
-ÐайкÑоÑоÑÑ Ð·Ð° Ñайлове на УÑÑд. Ðидео
ÑоÑмаÑÑÑ MPEG2 Ñе покÑива Ð¾Ñ 39
-ÑазлиÑни амеÑиканÑки паÑенÑа.</p>
-
-<p>ТоÑно какÑо един Ñоман би могÑл да наÑÑÑи
наведнÑж доÑÑа лиÑеÑаÑÑÑни
-паÑенÑи, Ñака и една пÑогÑама може да
наÑÑÑи множеÑÑво паÑенÑи
-едновÑеменно. Ðа Ñе оÑкÑиÑÑ Ð²ÑиÑки
паÑенÑи, коиÑо една пÑогÑама наÑÑÑава, е
-Ñолкова Ñежка задаÑа, Ñе Ñамо едно Ñакова
пÑоÑÑване е напÑавено. ÐÑез
-2004г. пÑоÑÑване на ÐинÑÐºÑ (ÑдÑоÑо на
опеÑаÑионнаÑа ÑиÑÑема GNU/ÐинÑкÑ)
-ÑазкÑива, Ñе Ñо наÑÑÑава 283 ÑазлиÑни
ÑоÑÑÑеÑни паÑенÑа в СÐЩ. С дÑÑги
-дÑми, вÑеки Ð¾Ñ Ñези 283 ÑазлиÑни паÑенÑа
покÑива нÑкой Ð¾Ñ Ð¸Ð·ÑиÑлиÑелниÑе
-пÑоÑеÑи из Ñ
илÑдиÑе ÑÑÑаниÑи изÑ
оден код
на ÐинÑкÑ.</p>
-
-<p>ТекÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° диÑекÑиваÑа, пÑиеÑа Ð¾Ñ Ð¡ÑвеÑа
на миниÑÑÑиÑе, неÑÑмнено ÑзаконÑва
-паÑенÑиÑе вÑÑÑ
Ñ ÑоÑÑÑеÑни ÑеÑ
ники. (ÐижÑе
<a
-href="http://eupat.ffii.org/xatra/cons0406/text/index.en.html">http://eupat.ffii.org/xatra/cons0406/text/index.en.html</a>.)
-ÐейниÑе поддÑÑжниÑи ÑвÑÑдÑÑ, Ñе
изиÑкванеÑо паÑенÑиÑе да Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ âÑеÑ
ниÑеÑки
-Ñ
аÑакÑеÑâ Ñе изклÑÑи ÑоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи,
но не е Ñака. ÐомпÑÑÑÑнаÑа
-пÑогÑама леÑно Ñе опиÑва по âÑеÑ
ниÑеÑкиâ
наÑин â ÐÑÑоÑо по обжалване кÑм
-ÐвÑопейÑкоÑо паÑенÑно ведомÑÑво казва
(Ðело T 0258/03; <a
-href="http://legal.european-patent-office.org/dg3/pdf/t030258ex1.pdf">http://legal.european-patent-office.org/dg3/pdf/t030258ex1.pdf</a>):</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-<p>
- ÐÑÑоÑо е наÑÑно, Ñе ÑÑавниÑелно ÑиÑокоÑо
ÑÑлкÑвание на ÑеÑмина âизобÑеÑениеâ
-в Ñлен 52(1) Ð¾Ñ ÐвÑопейÑкаÑа паÑенÑа
конвенÑиÑ, Ñе обÑ
ване дейноÑÑи, Ñолкова
-обиÑайни, Ñе ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑкиÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼ Ñ
аÑакÑÐµÑ Ñе
бÑде пÑенебÑегван, каÑо напÑимеÑ
-пиÑанеÑо Ñ Ñ
имикал вÑÑÑ
Ñ Ñ
аÑÑиÑ.
-</p>
-</blockquote>
-
-<p> Ðа да изпÑлни задаÑаÑа Ñи, вÑеки годен за
ÑпоÑÑеба ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ðµ да бÑде
-âзаÑеждан и изпÑлнÑван на компÑÑÑÑ,
пÑогÑамиÑÑема компÑÑÑÑна мÑежа или дÑÑг
-пÑогÑамиÑÑем апаÑаÑâ. Това е кÑиÑеÑиÑÑ Ð²
Ñлен 5(2) на диÑекÑиваÑа,
-доÑÑаÑÑÑен паÑенÑиÑе да забÑанÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ñи
пÑбликÑванеÑо на пÑогÑами. (<a
-href="http://eupat.ffii.org/papri/europarl0309/cons0401/tab/index.en.html">http://eupat.ffii.org/papri/europarl0309/cons0401/tab/index.en.html</a>).
-</p>
-
-<p>
-СоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи Ñе ÑÑÑипÑÑ
ÑоÑÑÑеÑнаÑа ÑазÑабоÑка. Ðма един наÑин да
Ñе
-пÑедоÑвÑаÑи Ñова и Ñой е пÑоÑÑиÑÑк: не ги
ÑзаконÑвайÑе. ÐÑи пÑÑвоÑо ÑеÑене
-пÑез 2003г. ÐвÑопейÑкиÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ»Ð°Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ñи
необÑ
одимиÑе попÑавки за
-изклÑÑванеÑо на ÑоÑÑÑеÑниÑе паÑенÑи, но
СÑвеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° миниÑÑÑиÑе пÑеÑазгледа
-ÑеÑениеÑо. ÐÑажданиÑе на ÐвÑопейÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÑз
ÑÑÑбва незабавно да Ñе ÑвÑÑжаÑ
-ÑÑÑ ÑвоиÑе пÑедÑÑавиÑели в ÐвÑопейÑкиÑ
паÑламенÑ, наÑÑоÑвайки пÑи вÑоÑоÑо
-ÑеÑене на диÑекÑиваÑа да подкÑепÑÑ
пÑедиÑноÑо ÑеÑение на паÑламенÑа.
+<p>This analogy can help non-programmers see what software patents do. Software
+patents cover features, such as defining abbreviations in a word processor,
+or natural order recalculation in a spreadsheet. Patents cover algorithms
+that programs need to use. Patents cover aspects of file formats, such as
+Microsoft's OOXML format. MPEG 2 video format is covered by 39 different US
+patents.</p>
+
+<p>Just as one novel could run afoul of many different literary patents at
+once, one program can be prohibited by many different patents at once. It
+is so much work to identify all the patents that appear to apply to a large
+program that only one such study has been done. A 2004 study of Linux, the
+kernel of the GNU/Linux operating system, found 283 different US software
+patents that seemed to cover it. That is to say, each of these 283
+different patents forbids some computational process found somewhere in the
+thousands of pages of source code of Linux. And Linux was less than one
+percent of the GNU/Linux system.</p>
+
+<p>
+The way to prevent software patents from bollixing software development is
+simple: don't authorize them. This ought to be easy, since most patent laws
+have provisions against software patents. They typically say that
+“software per se” cannot be patented. But patent offices around
+the world are trying to twist the words and issuing patents on the ideas
+implemented in programs. Unless this is blocked, the result will be to put
+all software developers in danger.
</p>
<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general, -->
@@ -282,11 +247,11 @@
<div id="footer">
<p>
-ÐолÑ, оÑпÑавÑйÑе вÑпÑоÑи оÑноÑно ФСС и GNU
по е-поÑа: <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden"><em>address@hidden</em></a>. Ðма и
дÑÑги наÑини за
-<a href="/contact/">вÑÑзка</a> Ñ Ð¤Ð¡Ð¡. <br /> ÐолÑ,
изпÑаÑайÑе доклади за
-ÑÑÑпени Ñ
ипеÑвÑÑзки и дÑÑги коÑекÑии или
пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° е-поÑа: <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden"><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a
+href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send
+broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -296,10 +261,8 @@
</p>
<p>
-ÐвÑоÑÑки пÑава © 2005, 2007, 2008 ФондаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°
Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ
+Copyright © 2005, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
</p>
-<address>Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston,
MA
-02110, USA</address>
<p>ÐоÑловноÑо копиÑане и ÑазпÑоÑÑÑанение
на ÑÑлаÑа ÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ñа позволени за вÑеки
Ñип ноÑиÑел без нÑжда Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑанеÑо на
ÑакÑи, ÑÑига Ñази бележка да бÑде
запазена.
@@ -322,7 +285,7 @@
<!-- timestamp start -->
ÐоÑледно обновÑване:
-$Date: 2008/10/18 18:27:47 $
+$Date: 2009/08/10 18:25:07 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
@@ -331,29 +294,33 @@
<div id="translations">
<h4>ÐÑÑги пÑеводи на Ñази ÑÑÑаниÑа</h4>
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical. -->
-<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is Deutsch.-->
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code. -->
+<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. -->
+<!-- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text. -->
<!-- If you add a new language here, please -->
<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
-<!-- - /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
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-<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
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<ul class="translations-list">
<!-- Bulgarian -->
<li><a
href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.bg.html">български</a> [bg]</li>
<!-- English -->
<li><a
href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html">English</a> [en]</li>
<!-- French -->
-<li><a
href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.fr.html">Français</a> [fr]</li>
+<li><a
href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.fr.html">français</a> [fr]</li>
<!-- Dutch -->
<li><a
href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.nl.html">Nederlands</a> [nl]</li>
<!-- Polish -->
-<li><a
href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.pl.html">Polski</a> [pl]</li>
+<li><a
href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.pl.html">polski</a> [pl]</li>
+<!-- Brazilian Portuguese -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.pt-br.html">português
do Brasil</a> [pt-br]</li>
</ul>
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