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trans-coord/gnun gnu/po/gnu-history.pot gnu/po/...
|
From: |
Yavor Doganov |
|
Subject: |
trans-coord/gnun gnu/po/gnu-history.pot gnu/po/... |
|
Date: |
Wed, 06 Feb 2008 21:25:14 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /sources/trans-coord
Module name: trans-coord
Changes by: Yavor Doganov <yavor> 08/02/06 21:25:14
Added files:
gnun/gnu/po : gnu-history.pot linux-and-gnu.pot
why-gnu-linux.pot
gnun/philosophy/po: can-you-trust.pot
free-software-for-freedom.pot free-sw.pot
open-source-misses-the-point.pot
right-to-read.pot
software-literary-patents.pot
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/gnu/po/gnu-history.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/po/can-you-trust.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/po/free-sw.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/po/right-to-read.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/trans-coord/gnun/philosophy/po/software-literary-patents.pot?cvsroot=trans-coord&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: gnu/po/gnu-history.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: gnu/po/gnu-history.pot
diff -N gnu/po/gnu-history.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ gnu/po/gnu-history.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:13 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:4
+msgid "Overview of the GNU System - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
(FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:10
+msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:13
+msgid ""
+"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, "
+"upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. "
+"<a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the GNU "
+"Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in September "
+"1985. It has been translated into several <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:23
+msgid ""
+"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+"href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:30
+msgid ""
+"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
+"not pay a price to get GNU software. Either way, once you have the software "
+"you have three specific freedoms in using it. First, the freedom to copy "
+"the program and give it away to your friends and co-workers; second, the "
+"freedom to change the program as you wish, by having full access to source "
+"code; third, the freedom to distribute an improved version and thus help "
+"build the community. (If you redistribute GNU software, you may charge a "
+"fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, or you may give away "
+"copies.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:42
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
+"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
+"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
+"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:50
+msgid ""
+"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
+"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
+"exclusively. Even computer companies often distributed free software. "
+"Programmers were free to cooperate with each other, and often did."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:57
+msgid ""
+"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, "
+"which means that it had owners who forbid and prevent cooperation by users. "
+"This made the GNU Project necessary."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:63
+msgid ""
+"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
+"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
+"to proprietary software. So the first item on the free software agenda "
+"obviously had to be a free operating system."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:69
+msgid ""
+"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
+"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
+"makes it easy for Unix users to switch from Unix to GNU."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:74
+msgid ""
+"An Unix-like operating system is much more than a kernel; it also includes "
+"compilers, editors, text formatters, mail software, and many other things. "
+"Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. We started in "
+"January 1984. It took many years. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:81
+msgid ""
+"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+"Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux with "
+"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
+"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use "
+"GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a "
+"href=\"/links/links.html#FreeGNULinuxDistributions\">distributions</a> such "
+"as Slackware, Debian, Red Hat, and others."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:91
+msgid ""
+"(The principal version of Linux now contains non-free firmware "
+"“blobs”. Free software activists now maintain a modified <a "
+"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>free version</a> of Linux.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:97
+msgid ""
+"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a "
+"href=\"/directory\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free "
+"software application programs."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:104
+msgid ""
+"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
+"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:109
+msgid ""
+"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a "
+"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/category/games/\";>free games</a> are already "
+"available."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:114
+msgid ""
+"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent "
+"system prohibit free software</a> entirely. The ultimate goal is to provide "
+"free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to do—and thus "
+"make proprietary software obsolete."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:121
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:129
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:139
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:146
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc.,"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><address>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:149
+msgid "51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:150
+msgid ""
+"Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any "
+"medium without royalty provided this notice is preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:156
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:158
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../gnu/po/gnu-history.proto:166
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pot
diff -N gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:13 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:4
+msgid "Linux and GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Attribute 'title' of: <link>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:8
+msgid "What's New"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Attribute 'title' of: <link>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:9
+msgid "New Free Software"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:13
+msgid "Linux and the GNU Project"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:15
+msgid ""
+"<strong>by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"Stallman</a></strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:18
+msgid ""
+"To learn more about this issue, you can also read our <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page on <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html\">Why GNU/Linux?</a> and our page on <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never "
+"Heard of GNU</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:26
+msgid ""
+"Many computer users run a modified version of <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#TheGNUsystem\">the GNU system</a> every "
+"day, without realizing it. Through a peculiar turn of events, the version "
+"of GNU which is widely used today is more often known as "
+"“Linux”, and many users are not aware of the extent of its "
+"connection with the <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-history.html\">GNU Project</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:35
+msgid ""
+"There really is a Linux, and these people are using it, but it is not the "
+"operating system. Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that "
+"allocates the machine's resources to the other programs that you run. The "
+"kernel is an essential part of an operating system, but useless by itself; "
+"it can only function in the context of a complete operating system. Linux "
+"is normally used in a combination with the GNU operating system: the whole "
+"system is basically GNU, with Linux functioning as its kernel."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:45
+msgid ""
+"Many users are not fully aware of the distinction between the kernel, which "
+"is Linux, and the whole system, which they also call “Linux”. "
+"The ambiguous use of the name doesn't promote understanding. These users "
+"often think that Linus Torvalds developed the whole operating system in "
+"1991, with a bit of help."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:52
+msgid ""
+"Programmers generally know that Linux is a kernel. But since they have "
+"generally heard the whole system called “Linux” as well, they "
+"often envisage a history that would justify naming the whole system after "
+"the kernel. For example, many believe that once Linus Torvalds finished "
+"writing Linux, the kernel, its users looked around for other free software "
+"to go with it, and found that (for no particular reason) most everything "
+"necessary to make a Unix-like system was already available."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:62
+msgid ""
+"What they found was no accident—it was the not-quite-complete GNU "
+"system. The available <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free "
+"software</a> added up to a complete system because the GNU Project had been "
+"working since 1984 to make one. In the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\"> The "
+"GNU Manifesto</a> we set forth the goal of developing a free Unix-like "
+"system, called GNU. The <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\"> Initial "
+"Announcement</a> of the GNU Project also outlines some of the original plans "
+"for the GNU system. By the time Linux was started, GNU was almost finished."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:74
+msgid ""
+"Most free software projects have the goal of developing a particular program "
+"for a particular job. For example, Linus Torvalds set out to write a "
+"Unix-like kernel (Linux); Donald Knuth set out to write a text formatter "
+"(TeX); Bob Scheifler set out to develop a window system (the X Window "
+"system). It's natural to measure the contribution of this kind of project by "
+"specific programs that came from the project."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:82
+msgid ""
+"If we tried to measure the GNU Project's contribution in this way, what "
+"would we conclude? One CD-ROM vendor found that in their “Linux "
+"distribution”, <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#GNUsoftware\">GNU "
+"software</a> was the largest single contingent, around 28% of the total "
+"source code, and this included some of the essential major components "
+"without which there could be no system. Linux itself was about 3%. So if "
+"you were going to pick a name for the system based on who wrote the programs "
+"in the system, the most appropriate single choice would be "
+"“GNU”."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:93
+msgid ""
+"But that is not the deepest way to consider the question. The GNU Project "
+"was not, is not, a project to develop specific software packages. It was "
+"not a project <a href=\"/software/gcc/gcc.html\"> to develop a C "
+"compiler</a>, although we did that. It was not a project to develop a text "
+"editor, although we developed one. The GNU Project's aim was to develop "
+"<em>a complete free Unix-like system</em>: GNU."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:102
+msgid ""
+"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+"system, and they all deserve credit. But the reason it is <em>an integrated "
+"system</em>—and not just a collection of useful programs—is "
+"because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a list of the "
+"programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
+"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
+"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
+"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
+"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a "
+"href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, "
+"because a complete system needs good games too."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:117
+msgid ""
+"By the early 90s we had put together the whole system aside from the kernel "
+"(and we were also working on a kernel, the <a "
+"href=\"/software/hurd/hurd.html\">GNU Hurd</a>, which runs on top of Mach). "
+"Developing this kernel has been a lot harder than we expected; <a "
+"href=\"/software/hurd/hurd-and-linux.html\">the GNU Hurd started working "
+"reliably in 2001</a>, but it is a long way from being ready for people to "
+"use in general."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:126
+msgid ""
+"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because Linux was "
+"available. When Linus Torvalds wrote Linux, he filled the last major gap. "
+"People could then put Linux together with the GNU system to make a complete "
+"free system: a Linux-based version of the GNU system; the GNU/Linux system, "
+"for short. The earliest Linux release notes recognized that Linux was a "
+"kernel, used with parts of GNU: <a "
+"href=\"http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/Historic/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
"
+"“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the "
+"GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for "
+"more info.”</a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:139
+msgid ""
+"Putting them together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
+"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
+"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
+"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
+"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
+"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
+"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
+"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
+"someone."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:150
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Project supports GNU/Linux systems as well as <em>the</em> GNU "
+"system, and the FSF funds work on them. The FSF funded the rewriting of the "
+"Linux-related extensions to the GNU C library, so that now they are well "
+"integrated, and the newest GNU/Linux systems use the current library release "
+"with no changes. The FSF also funded an early stage of the development of "
+"Debian GNU/Linux."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:158
+msgid ""
+"We use Linux-based GNU systems today for all of our work, and we hope you "
+"will use them too. Today there are many different variants of the GNU/Linux "
+"system (often called “distros”). Most of them include non-free "
+"software—their developers follow the philosophy associated with Linux "
+"rather than that of GNU. But there are also <a "
+"href=\"/links/links.html#FreeGNULinuxDistributions\"> completely free "
+"GNU/Linux distros</a>. The FSF supports computer facilities for two of "
+"these distributions, <a href=\"http://ututo.org\";>Ututo</a> and <a "
+"href=\"http://gnewsense.org/\";>gNewSense</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:168
+msgid ""
+"Making a free GNU/Linux distribution is not just a matter of eliminating "
+"various non-free programs. Nowadays, the usual version of Linux contains "
+"non-free programs too. These programs are intended to be loaded into I/O "
+"devices when the system starts, and they are present in binary form only, "
+"included in the \"source code\" in the form of long series of numbers. "
+"Thus, maintaining free GNU/Linux distributions now entails maintaining a <a "
+"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> free version of Linux</a> "
+"too."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:178
+msgid ""
+"Whether you use GNU/Linux or not, please don't confuse the public by using "
+"the name “Linux” ambiguously. Linux is the kernel, one of the "
+"essential major components of the system. The system as a whole is more or "
+"less the GNU system, with Linux added. When you're talking about this "
+"combination, please call it “GNU/Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:185
+msgid ""
+"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> "
+"http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+"mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a "
+"href=\"http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Linux\";> "
+"http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:195
+msgid ""
+"Addendum: Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a "
+"free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was "
+"developed at UC Berkeley. It was non-free in the 80s, but became free in "
+"the early 90s. A free operating system that exists today is almost "
+"certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:203
+msgid ""
+"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
+"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
+"example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped "
+"persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems today "
+"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
+"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
+"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a "
+"href=\"#gnubsd\">(4)</a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:214
+msgid "Notes:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:217
+msgid ""
+"<a id=\"unexciting\"></a>These unexciting but essential components include "
+"the GNU assembler, GAS and the linker, GLD, both are now part of the <a "
+"href=\"/software/binutils/\">GNU Binutils</a> package, <a "
+"href=\"/software/tar/\">GNU tar</a>, and more."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:223
+msgid ""
+"<a id=\"nottools\"></a>For instance, The Bourne Again SHell (BASH), the "
+"PostScript interpreter <a "
+"href=\"/software/ghostscript/ghostscript.html\">Ghostscript</a>, and the <a "
+"href=\"/software/libc/libc.html\">GNU C library</a> are not programming "
+"tools. Neither are GNUCash, GNOME, and GNU Chess."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:230
+msgid ""
+"<a id=\"somecomponents\"></a>For instance, the <a "
+"href=\"/software/libc/libc.html\">GNU C library</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:234
+msgid ""
+"<a id=\"gnubsd\"></a>On the other hand, in the years since this article was "
+"written, the GNU C Library has been ported to the FreeBSD kernel, which made "
+"it possible to combine the GNU system with that kernel. Just as with "
+"GNU/Linux, these are indeed variants of GNU, and are therefore called "
+"GNU/kFreeBSD and GNU/kNetBSD depending on the kernel of the system. "
+"Ordinary users on typical desktops can hardly distinguish between GNU/Linux "
+"and GNU/*BSD."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:251
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:259
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:269
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:276
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007 Richard "
+"M. Stallman <br /> Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article "
+"is permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is "
+"preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:284
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:286
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.proto:294
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pot
diff -N gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:13 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:4
+msgid "Why GNU/Linux? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:8
+msgid "What's in a name?"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:10
+msgid ""
+"<strong>by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"Stallman</a></strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:13
+msgid ""
+"To learn more about this issue, you can also read our <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page on <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and the GNU Project</a> and our page "
+"on <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have "
+"Never Heard of GNU</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:21
+msgid ""
+"Names convey meanings; our choice of names determines the meaning of what we "
+"say. An inappropriate name gives people the wrong idea. A rose by any name "
+"would smell as sweet—but if you call it a pen, people will be rather "
+"disappointed when they try to write with it. And if you call pens "
+"“roses”, people may not realize what they are good for. If you "
+"call our operating system “Linux”, that conveys a mistaken idea "
+"of the system's origin, history, and purpose. If you call it <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a>, that conveys (though not in "
+"detail) an accurate idea."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:32
+msgid ""
+"But does this matter for our community? Is it important whether people know "
+"the system's origin, history, and purpose? Yes—because people who "
+"forget history are often condemned to repeat it. The Free World which has "
+"developed around <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> is not "
+"secure; the problems that led us to develop GNU are not completely "
+"eradicated, and they threaten to come back."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:40
+msgid ""
+"When I explain why it's appropriate to call the operating system "
+"“GNU/Linux” rather than “Linux”, people sometimes "
+"respond this way:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:45
+msgid ""
+"<em> Granted that the GNU Project deserves credit for this work, is it "
+"really worth a fuss when people don't give credit? Isn't the important thing "
+"that the job was done, not who did it? You ought to relax, take pride in the "
+"job well done, and not worry about the credit. </em>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:54
+msgid ""
+"This would be wise advice, if only the situation were like that—if the "
+"job were done and it were time to relax. If only that were true! But "
+"challenges abound, and this is no time to take the future for granted. Our "
+"community's strength rests on commitment to freedom and cooperation. Using "
+"the name <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> is a way for "
+"people to remind themselves and inform others of these goals."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:62
+msgid ""
+"It is possible to write good free software without thinking of GNU; much "
+"good work has been done in the name of Linux also. But “Linux” "
+"has been associated ever since it was first coined with a philosophy that "
+"does not make a commitment to the freedom to cooperate. As the name becomes "
+"used increasingly by business, we will have even more trouble making it "
+"connect with community spirit."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:70
+msgid ""
+"A great challenge to the future of free software comes from the tendency of "
+"the “Linux” distribution companies to add non-free software to "
+"<a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> in the name of convenience "
+"and power. All the major commercial distribution developers do this; none "
+"produces a distribution that is entirely free. Most of them do not clearly "
+"identify the non-free packages in their distributions. Many even develop "
+"non-free software and add it to the system. Some outrageously advertise "
+"“Linux” systems that are “licensed per seat”, which "
+"give the user as much freedom as Microsoft Windows."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:82
+msgid ""
+"People justify adding non-free software in the name of the “popularity "
+"of Linux”—in effect, valuing popularity above freedom. "
+"Sometimes this is openly admitted. For instance, Wired Magazine says Robert "
+"McMillan, editor of Linux Magazine, “feels that the move toward open "
+"source software should be fueled by technical, rather than political, "
+"decisions.” And Caldera's <acronym title=\"Chief Executive "
+"Officer\">CEO</acronym> openly urged users to drop the goal of freedom and "
+"work instead for the “popularity of Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:97
+msgid ""
+"Adding non-free software to the <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> system may increase the "
+"popularity, if by popularity we mean the number of people using some of <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> in combination with non-free "
+"software. But at the same time, it implicitly encourages the community to "
+"accept non-free software as a good thing, and forget the goal of freedom. "
+"It is no use driving faster if you can't stay on the road."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:107
+msgid ""
+"When the non-free “add-on” is a library or programming tool, it "
+"can become a trap for free software developers. When they write free "
+"software that depends on the non-free package, their software cannot be part "
+"of a completely free system. Motif and Qt trapped large amounts of free "
+"software in this way in the past, creating problems whose solutions took "
+"years. The Motif problem is still not entirely solved, since LessTif needs "
+"some polishing (please volunteer!). Sun's non-free Java implementation is "
+"now having a similar effect: the <a href=\"/philosophy/java-trap.html\">Java "
+"Trap</a> (Historical note: As of December 2006 Sun is in the middle of <a "
+"href=\"http://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html\";>rereleasing its "
+"Java platform under GNU GPL</a>.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:121
+msgid ""
+"If our community keeps moving in this direction, it could redirect the "
+"future of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> into a mosaic of "
+"free and non-free components. Five years from now, we will surely still "
+"have plenty of free software; but if we are not careful, it will hardly be "
+"usable without the non-free software that users expect to find with it. If "
+"this happens, our campaign for freedom will have failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:129
+msgid ""
+"If releasing free alternatives were simply a matter of programming, solving "
+"future problems might become easier as our community's development resources "
+"increase. But we face obstacles which threaten to make this harder: laws "
+"that prohibit free software. As software patents mount up (see "
+"petition.eurolinux.org, and sign it!), and as laws like the <abbr "
+"title=\"Digital Millennium Copyright Act\">DMCA</abbr> are used to prohibit "
+"the development of free software for important jobs such as viewing a DVD or "
+"listening to a RealAudio stream, we will find ourselves with no clear way to "
+"fight the patented and secret data formats except to <strong>reject the "
+"non-free programs that use them</strong>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:142
+msgid ""
+"Meeting these challenges will require many different kinds of effort. But "
+"what we need above all, to confront any kind of challenge, is to remember "
+"the goal of freedom to cooperate. We can't expect a mere desire for "
+"powerful, reliable software to motivate people to make great efforts. We "
+"need the kind of determination that people have when they fight for their "
+"freedom and their community, determination to keep on for years and not give "
+"up."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:151
+msgid ""
+"In our community, this goal and this determination emanate mainly from the "
+"GNU Project. We're the ones who talk about freedom and community as "
+"something to stand firm for; the organizations that speak of "
+"“Linux” normally don't say this. The magazines about "
+"“Linux” are typically full of ads for non-free software; the "
+"companies that package “Linux” add non-free software to the "
+"system; other companies “support Linux” with non-free "
+"applications; the user groups for “Linux” typically invite "
+"salesman to present those applications. The main place people in our "
+"community are likely to come across the idea of freedom and determination is "
+"in the GNU Project."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:164
+msgid "But when people come across it, will they feel it relates to them?"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:167
+msgid ""
+"People who know they are using a system that came out of the GNU Project can "
+"see a direct relationship between themselves and GNU. They won't "
+"automatically agree with our philosophy, but at least they will see a reason "
+"to think seriously about it. In contrast, people who consider themselves "
+"“Linux users”, and believe that the GNU Project “developed "
+"tools which proved to be useful in Linux”, typically perceive only an "
+"indirect relationship between GNU and themselves. They may just ignore the "
+"GNU philosophy when they come across it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:178
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Project is idealistic, and anyone encouraging idealism today faces a "
+"great obstacle: the prevailing ideology encourages people to dismiss "
+"idealism as “impractical”. Our idealism has been extremely "
+"practical: it is the reason we have a free <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> operating system. People who "
+"love this system ought to know that it is our idealism made real."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:187
+msgid ""
+"If “the job” really were done, if there were nothing at stake "
+"except credit, perhaps it would be wiser to let the matter drop. But we are "
+"not in that position. To inspire people to do the work that needs to be "
+"done, we need to be recognized for what we have already done. Please help "
+"us, by calling the operating system <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:196
+msgid ""
+"P.S. For an explanation of the history of the GNU/Linux system as it relates "
+"to this issue of naming, see <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html</a>.
"
+"For answers to other questions and arguments about this issue, see the <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:203
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:212
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:222
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:229
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 2000, 2006, 2007 Richard Stallman <br /> Verbatim copying "
+"and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium without "
+"royalty provided this notice is preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:237
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:239
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.proto:247
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: philosophy/po/can-you-trust.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/po/can-you-trust.pot
diff -N philosophy/po/can-you-trust.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ philosophy/po/can-you-trust.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:13 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:3
+msgid "Can You Trust Your Computer? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
(FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:5
+msgid "Can You Trust Your Computer?"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:15
+msgid "by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:18
+msgid ""
+"Who should your computer take its orders from? Most people think their "
+"computers should obey them, not obey someone else. With a plan they call "
+"“trusted computing”, large media corporations (including the "
+"movie companies and record companies), together with computer companies such "
+"as Microsoft and Intel, are planning to make your computer obey them instead "
+"of you. (Microsoft's version of this scheme is called "
+"“Palladium”.) Proprietary programs have included malicious "
+"features before, but this plan would make it universal."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:28
+msgid ""
+"Proprietary software means, fundamentally, that you don't control what it "
+"does; you can't study the source code, or change it. It's not surprising "
+"that clever businessmen find ways to use their control to put you at a "
+"disadvantage. Microsoft has done this several times: one version of Windows "
+"was designed to report to Microsoft all the software on your hard disk; a "
+"recent “security” upgrade in Windows Media Player required users "
+"to agree to new restrictions. But Microsoft is not alone: the KaZaa "
+"music-sharing software is designed so that KaZaa's business partner can rent "
+"out the use of your computer to their clients. These malicious features are "
+"often secret, but even once you know about them it is hard to remove them, "
+"since you don't have the source code."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:41
+msgid ""
+"In the past, these were isolated incidents. “Trusted computing” "
+"would make it pervasive. “Treacherous computing” is a more "
+"appropriate name, because the plan is designed to make sure your computer "
+"will systematically disobey you. In fact, it is designed to stop your "
+"computer from functioning as a general-purpose computer. Every operation "
+"may require explicit permission."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:49
+msgid ""
+"The technical idea underlying treacherous computing is that the computer "
+"includes a digital encryption and signature device, and the keys are kept "
+"secret from you. Proprietary programs will use this device to control which "
+"other programs you can run, which documents or data you can access, and what "
+"programs you can pass them to. These programs will continually download new "
+"authorization rules through the Internet, and impose those rules "
+"automatically on your work. If you don't allow your computer to obtain the "
+"new rules periodically from the Internet, some capabilities will "
+"automatically cease to function."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:59
+msgid ""
+"Of course, Hollywood and the record companies plan to use treacherous "
+"computing for “DRM” (Digital Restrictions Management), so that "
+"downloaded videos and music can be played only on one specified computer. "
+"Sharing will be entirely impossible, at least using the authorized files "
+"that you would get from those companies. You, the public, ought to have "
+"both the freedom and the ability to share these things. (I expect that "
+"someone will find a way to produce unencrypted versions, and to upload and "
+"share them, so DRM will not entirely succeed, but that is no excuse for the "
+"system.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:69
+msgid ""
+"Making sharing impossible is bad enough, but it gets worse. There are plans "
+"to use the same facility for email and documents—resulting in email "
+"that disappears in two weeks, or documents that can only be read on the "
+"computers in one company."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:74
+msgid ""
+"Imagine if you get an email from your boss telling you to do something that "
+"you think is risky; a month later, when it backfires, you can't use the "
+"email to show that the decision was not yours. “Getting it in "
+"writing” doesn't protect you when the order is written in disappearing "
+"ink."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:80
+msgid ""
+"Imagine if you get an email from your boss stating a policy that is illegal "
+"or morally outrageous, such as to shred your company's audit documents, or "
+"to allow a dangerous threat to your country to move forward unchecked. "
+"Today you can send this to a reporter and expose the activity. With "
+"treacherous computing, the reporter won't be able to read the document; her "
+"computer will refuse to obey her. Treacherous computing becomes a paradise "
+"for corruption."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:88
+msgid ""
+"Word processors such as Microsoft Word could use treacherous computing when "
+"they save your documents, to make sure no competing word processors can read "
+"them. Today we must figure out the secrets of Word format by laborious "
+"experiments in order to make free word processors read Word documents. If "
+"Word encrypts documents using treacherous computing when saving them, the "
+"free software community won't have a chance of developing software to read "
+"them—and if we could, such programs might even be forbidden by the "
+"Digital Millennium Copyright Act."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:98
+msgid ""
+"Programs that use treacherous computing will continually download new "
+"authorization rules through the Internet, and impose those rules "
+"automatically on your work. If Microsoft, or the US government, does not "
+"like what you said in a document you wrote, they could post new instructions "
+"telling all computers to refuse to let anyone read that document. Each "
+"computer would obey when it downloads the new instructions. Your writing "
+"would be subject to 1984-style retroactive erasure. You might be unable to "
+"read it yourself."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:107
+msgid ""
+"You might think you can find out what nasty things a treacherous computing "
+"application does, study how painful they are, and decide whether to accept "
+"them. It would be short-sighted and foolish to accept, but the point is "
+"that the deal you think you are making won't stand still. Once you come to "
+"depend on using the program, you are hooked and they know it; then they can "
+"change the deal. Some applications will automatically download upgrades "
+"that will do something different—and they won't give you a choice "
+"about whether to upgrade."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:117
+msgid ""
+"Today you can avoid being restricted by proprietary software by not using "
+"it. If you run GNU/Linux or another free operating system, and if you avoid "
+"installing proprietary applications on it, then you are in charge of what "
+"your computer does. If a free program has a malicious feature, other "
+"developers in the community will take it out, and you can use the corrected "
+"version. You can also run free application programs and tools on non-free "
+"operating systems; this falls short of fully giving you freedom, but many "
+"users do it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:126
+msgid ""
+"Treacherous computing puts the existence of free operating systems and free "
+"applications at risk, because you may not be able to run them at all. Some "
+"versions of treacherous computing would require the operating system to be "
+"specifically authorized by a particular company. Free operating systems "
+"could not be installed. Some versions of treacherous computing would "
+"require every program to be specifically authorized by the operating system "
+"developer. You could not run free applications on such a system. If you "
+"did figure out how, and told someone, that could be a crime."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:136
+msgid ""
+"There are proposals already for US laws that would require all computers to "
+"support treacherous computing, and to prohibit connecting old computers to "
+"the Internet. The CBDTPA (we call it the Consume But Don't Try Programming "
+"Act) is one of them. But even if they don't legally force you to switch to "
+"treacherous computing, the pressure to accept it may be enormous. Today "
+"people often use Word format for communication, although this causes several "
+"sorts of problems (see <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html\">“We Can Put an End to "
+"Word Attachments”</a>). If only a treacherous computing machine can "
+"read the latest Word documents, many people will switch to it, if they view "
+"the situation only in terms of individual action (take it or leave it). To "
+"oppose treacherous computing, we must join together and confront the "
+"situation as a collective choice."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:150
+msgid ""
+"For further information about treacherous computing, see <a "
+"href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/tcpa-faq.html\";>http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/tcpa-faq.html</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:153
+msgid ""
+"To block treacherous computing will require large numbers of citizens to "
+"organize. We need your help! The <a href=\"http://www.eff.org\";>Electronic "
+"Frontier Foundation</a> and <a "
+"href=\"http://www.publicknowledge.org\";>Public Knowledge</a> are campaigning "
+"against treacherous computing, and so is the FSF-sponsored Digital Speech "
+"Project. Please visit these Web sites so you can sign up to support their "
+"work."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:160
+msgid ""
+"You can also help by writing to the public affairs offices of Intel, IBM, "
+"HP/Compaq, or anyone you have bought a computer from, explaining that you "
+"don't want to be pressured to buy “trusted” computing systems so "
+"you don't want them to produce any. This can bring consumer power to bear. "
+"If you do this on your own, please send copies of your letters to the "
+"organizations above."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:167
+msgid "Postscripts"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:170
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Project distributes the GNU Privacy Guard, a program that implements "
+"public-key encryption and digital signatures, which you can use to send "
+"secure and private email. It is useful to explore how GPG differs from "
+"treacherous computing, and see what makes one helpful and the other so "
+"dangerous."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:176
+msgid ""
+"When someone uses GPG to send you an encrypted document, and you use GPG to "
+"decode it, the result is an unencrypted document that you can read, forward, "
+"copy, and even re-encrypt to send it securely to someone else. A "
+"treacherous computing application would let you read the words on the "
+"screen, but would not let you produce an unencrypted document that you could "
+"use in other ways. GPG, a free software package, makes security features "
+"available to the users; they use it. Treacherous computing is designed to "
+"impose restrictions on the users; it uses them."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:187
+msgid ""
+"The supporters of treacherous computing focus their discourse on its <a "
+"name=\"beneficial\">beneficial uses</a>. What they say is often correct, "
+"just not important."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:191
+msgid ""
+"Like most hardware, treacherous computing hardware can be used for purposes "
+"which are not harmful. But these uses can be implemented in other ways, "
+"without treacherous computing hardware. The principal difference that "
+"treacherous computing makes for users is the nasty consequence: rigging your "
+"computer to work against you."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:197
+msgid ""
+"What they say is true, and what I say is true. Put them together and what "
+"do you get? Treacherous computing is a plan to take away our freedom, while "
+"offering minor benefits to distract us from what we would lose."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:202
+msgid ""
+"Microsoft presents palladium as a security measure, and claims that it will "
+"protect against viruses, but this claim is evidently false. A presentation "
+"by Microsoft Research in October 2002 stated that one of the specifications "
+"of palladium is that existing operating systems and applications will "
+"continue to run; therefore, viruses will continue to be able to do all the "
+"things that they can do today."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:209
+msgid ""
+"When Microsoft speaks of “security” in connection with "
+"palladium, they do not mean what we normally mean by that word: protecting "
+"your machine from things you do not want. They mean protecting your copies "
+"of data on your machine from access by you in ways others do not want. A "
+"slide in the presentation listed several types of secrets palladium could be "
+"used to keep, including “third party secrets” and “user "
+"secrets”—but it put “user secrets” in quotation "
+"marks, recognizing that this somewhat of an absurdity in the context of "
+"palladium."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:220
+msgid ""
+"The presentation made frequent use of other terms that we frequently "
+"associate with the context of security, such as “attack”, "
+"“malicious code”, “spoofing”, as well as "
+"“trusted”. None of them means what it normally means. "
+"“Attack” doesn't mean someone trying to hurt you, it means you "
+"trying to copy music. “Malicious code” means code installed by "
+"you to do what someone else doesn't want your machine to do. "
+"“Spoofing” doesn't mean someone fooling you, it means you "
+"fooling palladium. And so on."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:230
+msgid ""
+"A previous statement by the palladium developers stated the basic premise "
+"that whoever developed or collected information should have total control of "
+"how you use it. This would represent a revolutionary overturn of past ideas "
+"of ethics and of the legal system, and create an unprecedented system of "
+"control. The specific problems of these systems are no accident; they "
+"result from the basic goal. It is the goal we must reject."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:240
+msgid ""
+"This essay is published in <a href=\"/doc/book13.html\"><cite>Free Software, "
+"Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:251
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:257
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:267
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:274
+msgid "Copyright © 2002, 2007 Richard Stallman"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:276
+msgid ""
+"Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are permitted "
+"worldwide, without royalty, in any medium, provided this notice, and the "
+"copyright notice, are preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:282
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:284
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/can-you-trust.proto:292
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.pot
diff -N philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:14 -0000
1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,627 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:3
+msgid ""
+"Why “Free Software” is better than “Open Source” - "
+"GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:6
+msgid "Why “Free Software” is better than “Open
Source”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:17
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\">“Open "
+"Source” misses the point of Free Software</a> is an updated version of "
+"this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:23
+msgid ""
+"While free software by any other name would give you the same freedom, it "
+"makes a big difference which name we use: different words <em>convey "
+"different ideas</em>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:28
+msgid ""
+"In 1998, some of the people in the free software community began using the "
+"term <a href=\"http://www.opensource.org/\";>“open source "
+"software”</a> instead of <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">“free software”</a> to "
+"describe what they do. The term “open source” quickly became "
+"associated with a different approach, a different philosophy, different "
+"values, and even a different criterion for which licenses are acceptable. "
+"The Free Software movement and the Open Source movement are today <a "
+"href=\"#relationship\"> separate movements</a> with different views and "
+"goals, although we can and do work together on some practical projects."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:40
+msgid ""
+"The fundamental difference between the two movements is in their values, "
+"their ways of looking at the world. For the Open Source movement, the issue "
+"of whether software should be open source is a practical question, not an "
+"ethical one. As one person put it, “Open source is a development "
+"methodology; free software is a social movement.” For the Open Source "
+"movement, non-free software is a suboptimal solution. For the Free Software "
+"movement, non-free software is a social problem and free software is the "
+"solution."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:49
+msgid "Relationship between the Free Software movement and Open Source
movement"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:53
+msgid ""
+"The Free Software movement and the Open Source movement are like two "
+"political camps within the free software community."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:57
+msgid ""
+"Radical groups in the 1960s developed a reputation for factionalism: "
+"organizations split because of disagreements on details of strategy, and "
+"then treated each other as enemies. Or at least, such is the image people "
+"have of them, whether or not it was true."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:63
+msgid ""
+"The relationship between the Free Software movement and the Open Source "
+"movement is just the opposite of that picture. We disagree on the basic "
+"principles, but agree more or less on the practical recommendations. So we "
+"can and do work together on many specific projects. We don't think of the "
+"Open Source movement as an enemy. The enemy is <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\"> proprietary "
+"software</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:73
+msgid ""
+"We are not against the Open Source movement, but we don't want to be lumped "
+"in with them. We acknowledge that they have contributed to our community, "
+"but we created this community, and we want people to know this. We want "
+"people to associate our achievements with our values and our philosophy, not "
+"with theirs. We want to be heard, not obscured behind a group with "
+"different views. To prevent people from thinking we are part of them, we "
+"take pains to avoid using the word “open” to describe free "
+"software, or its contrary, “closed”, in talking about non-free "
+"software."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:84
+msgid ""
+"So please mention the Free Software movement when you talk about the work we "
+"have done, and the software we have developed—such as the <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> operating system."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:88
+msgid "Comparing the two terms"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:91
+msgid ""
+"This rest of this article compares the two terms “free software” "
+"and “open source”. It shows why the term “open "
+"source” does not solve any problems, and in fact creates some."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:95
+msgid "Ambiguity"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:98
+msgid ""
+"The term “free software” has an ambiguity problem: an unintended "
+"meaning, “Software you can get for zero price,” fits the term "
+"just as well as the intended meaning, “software which gives the user "
+"certain freedoms.” We address this problem by publishing a <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\"> more precise definition of free "
+"software</a>, but this is not a perfect solution; it cannot completely "
+"eliminate the problem. An unambiguously correct term would be better, if it "
+"didn't have other problems."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:108
+msgid ""
+"Unfortunately, all the alternatives in English have problems of their own. "
+"We've looked at many alternatives that people have suggested, but none is so "
+"clearly “right” that switching to it would be a good idea. "
+"Every proposed replacement for “free software” has a similar "
+"kind of semantic problem, or worse—and this includes “open "
+"source software.”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:116
+msgid ""
+"The official definition of “open source software,” as published "
+"by the Open Source Initiative, is very close to our definition of free "
+"software; however, it is a little looser in some respects, and they have "
+"accepted a few licenses that we consider unacceptably restrictive of the "
+"users. However, the obvious meaning for the expression “open source "
+"software” is “You can look at the source code.” This is a "
+"much weaker criterion than free software; it includes free software, but "
+"also includes <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#semi-freeSoftware\">semi-free</a> "
+"programs such as Xv, and even some <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\"> proprietary</a> "
+"programs, including Qt under its original license (before the QPL)."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:134
+msgid ""
+"That obvious meaning for “open source” is not the meaning that "
+"its advocates intend. The result is that most people misunderstand what "
+"those advocates are advocating. Here is how writer Neal Stephenson defined "
+"“open source”:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:140
+msgid ""
+"Linux is “open source” software meaning, simply, that anyone can "
+"get copies of its source code files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. The <a href="http://da.state.ks.us/itec/TechArchPt6ver80.pdf";> state of
+#
+#. Kansas</a> published a similar definition:
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:145
+msgid ""
+"I don't think he deliberately sought to reject or dispute the "
+"“official” definition. I think he simply applied the "
+"conventions of the English language to come up with a meaning for the "
+"term. The state of Kansas published a similar definition:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:153
+msgid ""
+"Make use of open-source software (OSS). OSS is software for which the source "
+"code is freely and publicly available, though the specific licensing "
+"agreements vary as to what one is allowed to do with that code."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:159
+msgid ""
+"Of course, the open source people have tried to deal with this by publishing "
+"a precise definition for the term, just as we have done for “free "
+"software.”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:164
+msgid ""
+"But the explanation for “free software” is simple—a person "
+"who has grasped the idea of “free speech, not free beer” will "
+"not get it wrong again. There is no such succinct way to explain the "
+"official meaning of “open source” and show clearly why the "
+"natural definition is the wrong one."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:170
+msgid "Fear of Freedom"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:173
+msgid ""
+"The main argument for the term “open source software” is that "
+"“free software” makes some people uneasy. That's true: talking "
+"about freedom, about ethical issues, about responsibilities as well as "
+"convenience, is asking people to think about things they might rather "
+"ignore. This can trigger discomfort, and some people may reject the idea "
+"for that. It does not follow that society would be better off if we stop "
+"talking about these things."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:182
+msgid ""
+"Years ago, free software developers noticed this discomfort reaction, and "
+"some started exploring an approach for avoiding it. They figured that by "
+"keeping quiet about ethics and freedom, and talking only about the immediate "
+"practical benefits of certain free software, they might be able to "
+"“sell” the software more effectively to certain users, "
+"especially business. The term “open source” is offered as a way "
+"of doing more of this—a way to be “more acceptable to "
+"business.” The views and values of the Open Source movement stem from "
+"this decision."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:193
+msgid ""
+"This approach has proved effective, in its own terms. Today many people are "
+"switching to free software for purely practical reasons. That is good, as "
+"far as it goes, but that isn't all we need to do! Attracting users to free "
+"software is not the whole job, just the first step."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:200
+msgid ""
+"Sooner or later these users will be invited to switch back to proprietary "
+"software for some practical advantage. Countless companies seek to offer "
+"such temptation, and why would users decline? Only if they have learned to "
+"<em>value the freedom</em> free software gives them, for its own sake. It "
+"is up to us to spread this idea—and in order to do that, we have to "
+"talk about freedom. A certain amount of the “keep quiet” "
+"approach to business can be useful for the community, but we must have "
+"plenty of freedom talk too."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:211
+msgid ""
+"At present, we have plenty of “keep quiet”, but not enough "
+"freedom talk. Most people involved with free software say little about "
+"freedom—usually because they seek to be “more acceptable to "
+"business.” Software distributors especially show this pattern. Some "
+"<a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> operating system "
+"distributions add proprietary packages to the basic free system, and they "
+"invite users to consider this an advantage, rather than a step backwards "
+"from freedom."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:222
+msgid ""
+"We are failing to keep up with the influx of free software users, failing to "
+"teach people about freedom and our community as fast as they enter it. This "
+"is why non-free software (which Qt was when it first became popular), and "
+"partially non-free operating system distributions, find such fertile "
+"ground. To stop using the word “free” now would be a mistake; "
+"we need more, not less, talk about freedom."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:231
+msgid ""
+"If those using the term “open source” draw more users into our "
+"community, that is a contribution, but the rest of us will have to work even "
+"harder to bring the issue of freedom to those users' attention. We have to "
+"say, “It's free software and it gives you freedom!”—more "
+"and louder than ever before."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:237
+msgid "Would a Trademark Help?"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:240
+msgid ""
+"The advocates of “open source software” tried to make it a "
+"trademark, saying this would enable them to prevent misuse. This initiative "
+"was later dropped, the term being too descriptive to qualify as a trademark; "
+"thus, the legal status of “open source” is the same as that of "
+"“free software”: there is no <em>legal</em> constraint on using "
+"it. I have heard reports of a number of companies' calling software "
+"packages “open source” even though they did not fit the official "
+"definition; I have observed some instances myself."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:251
+msgid ""
+"But would it have made a big difference to use a term that is a trademark? "
+"Not necessarily."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:255
+msgid ""
+"Companies also made announcements that give the impression that a program is "
+"“open source software” without explicitly saying so. For "
+"example, one IBM announcement, about a program that did not fit the official "
+"definition, said this:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:261
+msgid ""
+"As is common in the open source community, users of the ... technology will "
+"also be able to collaborate with IBM ..."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:266
+msgid ""
+"This did not actually say that the program <em>was</em> “open "
+"source”, but many readers did not notice that detail. (I should note "
+"that IBM was sincerely trying to make this program free software, and later "
+"adopted a new license which does make it free software and “open "
+"source”; but when that announcement was made, the program did not "
+"qualify as either one.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:274
+msgid ""
+"And here is how Cygnus Solutions, which was formed to be a free software "
+"company and subsequently branched out (so to speak) into proprietary "
+"software, advertised some proprietary software products:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:279
+msgid ""
+"Cygnus Solutions is a leader in the open source market and has just launched "
+"two products into the [GNU/]Linux marketplace."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:284
+msgid ""
+"Unlike IBM, Cygnus was not trying to make these packages free software, and "
+"the packages did not come close to qualifying. But Cygnus didn't actually "
+"say that these are “open source software”, they just made use of "
+"the term to give careless readers that impression."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:291
+msgid ""
+"These observations suggest that a trademark would not have truly prevented "
+"the confusion that comes with the term “open source”."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:294
+msgid "Misunderstandings(?) of “Open Source”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:297
+msgid ""
+"The Open Source Definition is clear enough, and it is quite clear that the "
+"typical non-free program does not qualify. So you would think that "
+"“Open Source company” would mean one whose products are free "
+"software (or close to it), right? Alas, many companies are trying to give it "
+"a different meaning."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:304
+msgid ""
+"At the “Open Source Developers Day” meeting in August 1998, "
+"several of the commercial developers invited said they intend to make only a "
+"part of their work free software (or “open source”). The focus "
+"of their business is on developing proprietary add-ons (software or <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/free-doc.html\">manuals</a>) to sell to the users of this "
+"free software. They ask us to regard this as legitimate, as part of our "
+"community, because some of the money is donated to free software "
+"development."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:314
+msgid ""
+"In effect, these companies seek to gain the favorable cachet of “open "
+"source” for their proprietary software products—even though "
+"those are not “open source software”—because they have "
+"some relationship to free software or because the same company also "
+"maintains some free software. (One company founder said quite explicitly "
+"that they would put, into the free package they support, as little of their "
+"work as the community would stand for.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:324
+msgid ""
+"Over the years, many companies have contributed to free software "
+"development. Some of these companies primarily developed non-free software, "
+"but the two activities were separate; thus, we could ignore their non-free "
+"products, and work with them on free software projects. Then we could "
+"honestly thank them afterward for their free software contributions, without "
+"talking about the rest of what they did."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:332
+msgid ""
+"We cannot do the same with these new companies, because they won't let us. "
+"These companies actively invite the public to lump all their activities "
+"together; they want us to regard their non-free software as favorably as we "
+"would regard a real contribution, although it is not one. They present "
+"themselves as “open source companies,” hoping that we will get a "
+"warm fuzzy feeling about them, and that we will be fuzzy-minded in applying "
+"it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:341
+msgid ""
+"This manipulative practice would be no less harmful if it were done using "
+"the term “free software.” But companies do not seem to use the "
+"term “free software” that way; perhaps its association with "
+"idealism makes it seem unsuitable. The term “open source” "
+"opened the door for this."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:348
+msgid ""
+"At a trade show in late 1998, dedicated to the operating system often "
+"referred to as <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">“Linux”</a>, "
+"the featured speaker was an executive from a prominent software company. He "
+"was probably invited on account of his company's decision to "
+"“support” that system. Unfortunately, their form of "
+"“support” consists of releasing non-free software that works "
+"with the system—in other words, using our community as a market but "
+"not contributing to it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:359
+msgid ""
+"He said, “There is no way we will make our product open source, but "
+"perhaps we will make it ‘internal’ open source. If we allow our "
+"customer support staff to have access to the source code, they could fix "
+"bugs for the customers, and we could provide a better product and better "
+"service.” (This is not an exact quote, as I did not write his words "
+"down, but it gets the gist.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:367
+msgid ""
+"People in the audience afterward told me, “He just doesn't get the "
+"point.” But is that so? Which point did he not get?"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:371
+msgid ""
+"He did not miss the point of the Open Source movement. That movement does "
+"not say users should have freedom, only that allowing more people to look at "
+"the source code and help improve it makes for faster and better "
+"development. The executive grasped that point completely; unwilling to "
+"carry out that approach in full, users included, he was considering "
+"implementing it partially, within the company."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:379
+msgid ""
+"The point that he missed is the point that “open source” was "
+"designed not to raise: the point that users <em>deserve</em> freedom."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:384
+msgid ""
+"Spreading the idea of freedom is a big job—it needs your help. That's "
+"why we stick to the term “free software” in the GNU Project, so "
+"we can help do that job. If you feel that freedom and community are "
+"important for their own sake—not just for the convenience they "
+"bring—please join us in using the term “free software”."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:394
+msgid ""
+"Joe Barr wrote an article called <a "
+"href=\"http://www.itworld.com/AppDev/350/LWD010523vcontrol4/\";>Live and let "
+"license</a> that gives his perspective on this issue."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:399
+msgid ""
+"Lakhani and Wolf's <a "
+"href=\"http://freesoftware.mit.edu/papers/lakhaniwolf.pdf\";>paper on the "
+"motivation of free software developers</a> says that a considerable fraction "
+"are motivated by the view that software should be free. This was despite "
+"the fact that they surveyed the developers on SourceForge, a site that does "
+"not support the view that this is an ethical issue."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:407
+msgid ""
+"This essay is published in <a href=\"/doc/book13.html\"><cite>Free Software, "
+"Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:418
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:424
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:434
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:441
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007 Free Software Foundation, "
+"Inc.,"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><address>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:443
+msgid "51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:444
+msgid ""
+"Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are permitted "
+"worldwide, without royalty, in any medium, provided this notice, and the "
+"copyright notice, are preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:450
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:452
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.proto:460
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: philosophy/po/free-sw.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/po/free-sw.pot
diff -N philosophy/po/free-sw.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ philosophy/po/free-sw.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:14 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:4
+msgid "The Free Software Definition - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
(FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Attribute 'title' of: <link>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:8
+msgid "What's New"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Attribute 'title' of: <link>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:9
+msgid "New Free Software"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:13
+msgid "The Free Software Definition"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:16
+msgid ""
+"We maintain this free software definition to show clearly what must be true "
+"about a particular software program for it to be considered free software."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:22
+msgid ""
+"<q>Free software</q> is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand the "
+"concept, you should think of <q>free</q> as in <q>free speech,</q> not as in "
+"<q>free beer.</q>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:28
+msgid ""
+"Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy, distribute, "
+"study, change and improve the software. More precisely, it refers to four "
+"kinds of freedom, for the users of the software:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:34
+msgid "The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0)."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:35
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs "
+"(freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:39
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom "
+"2)."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:42
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the "
+"public, so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3). Access to the "
+"source code is a precondition for this."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:49
+msgid ""
+"A program is free software if users have all of these freedoms. Thus, you "
+"should be free to redistribute copies, either with or without modifications, "
+"either gratis or charging a fee for distribution, to <a "
+"href=\"#exportcontrol\">anyone anywhere</a>. Being free to do these things "
+"means (among other things) that you do not have to ask or pay for "
+"permission."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:58
+msgid ""
+"You should also have the freedom to make modifications and use them "
+"privately in your own work or play, without even mentioning that they "
+"exist. If you do publish your changes, you should not be required to notify "
+"anyone in particular, or in any particular way."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:65
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to run the program means the freedom for any kind of person or "
+"organization to use it on any kind of computer system, for any kind of "
+"overall job and purpose, without being required to communicate about it with "
+"the developer or any other specific entity. In this freedom, it is the "
+"<em>user's</em> purpose that matters, not the <em>developer's</em> purpose; "
+"you as a user are free to run a program for your purposes, and if you "
+"distribute it to someone else, she is then free to run it for her purposes, "
+"but you are not entitled to impose your purposes on her."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:76
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable forms "
+"of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and unmodified "
+"versions. (Distributing programs in runnable form is necessary for "
+"conveniently installable free operating systems.) It is ok if there is no "
+"way to produce a binary or executable form for a certain program (since some "
+"languages don't support that feature), but you must have the freedom to "
+"redistribute such forms should you find or develop a way to make them."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:87
+msgid ""
+"In order for the freedoms to make changes, and to publish improved versions, "
+"to be meaningful, you must have access to the source code of the program. "
+"Therefore, accessibility of source code is a necessary condition for free "
+"software."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:94
+msgid ""
+"One important way to modify a program is by merging in available free "
+"subroutines and modules. If the program's license says that you cannot "
+"merge in an existing module, such as if it requires you to be the copyright "
+"holder of any code you add, then the license is too restrictive to qualify "
+"as free."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:102
+msgid ""
+"In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be irrevocable as long as "
+"you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the software has the power to "
+"revoke the license, without your doing anything to give cause, the software "
+"is not free."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:109
+msgid ""
+"However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free "
+"software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central "
+"freedoms. For example, copyleft (very simply stated) is the rule that when "
+"redistributing the program, you cannot add restrictions to deny other people "
+"the central freedoms. This rule does not conflict with the central "
+"freedoms; rather it protects them."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:118
+msgid ""
+"You may have paid money to get copies of free software, or you may have "
+"obtained copies at no charge. But regardless of how you got your copies, "
+"you always have the freedom to copy and change the software, even to <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/selling.html\">sell copies</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:125
+msgid ""
+"<q>Free software</q> does not mean <q>non-commercial.</q> A free program "
+"must be available for commercial use, commercial development, and commercial "
+"distribution. Commercial development of free software is no longer unusual; "
+"such free commercial software is very important."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:132
+msgid ""
+"Rules about how to package a modified version are acceptable, if they don't "
+"substantively block your freedom to release modified versions, or your "
+"freedom to make and use modified versions privately. Rules that <q>if you "
+"make your version available in this way, you must make it available in that "
+"way also</q> can be acceptable too, on the same condition. (Note that such "
+"a rule still leaves you the choice of whether to publish your version at "
+"all.) Rules that require release of source code to the users for versions "
+"that you put into public use are also acceptable. It is also acceptable for "
+"the license to require that, if you have distributed a modified version and "
+"a previous developer asks for a copy of it, you must send one, or that you "
+"identify yourself on your modifications."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:146
+msgid ""
+"In the GNU project, we use <q><a "
+"href=\"/copyleft/copyleft.html\">copyleft</a></q> to protect these freedoms "
+"legally for everyone. But <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware\">non-copylefted
"
+"free software</a> also exists. We believe there are important reasons why "
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/pragmatic.html\"> it is better to use copyleft</a>, "
+"but if your program is non-copylefted free software, we can still use it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:157
+msgid ""
+"See <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">Categories of Free Software</a> "
+"for a description of how <q>free software,</q> <q>copylefted software</q> "
+"and other categories of software relate to each other."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:163
+msgid ""
+"Sometimes government <a id=\"exportcontrol\">export control regulations</a> "
+"and trade sanctions can constrain your freedom to distribute copies of "
+"programs internationally. Software developers do not have the power to "
+"eliminate or override these restrictions, but what they can and must do is "
+"refuse to impose them as conditions of use of the program. In this way, the "
+"restrictions will not affect activities and people outside the jurisdictions "
+"of these governments."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:173
+msgid ""
+"Most free software licenses are based on copyright, and there are limits on "
+"what kinds of requirements can be imposed through copyright. If a "
+"copyright-based license respects freedom in the ways described above, it is "
+"unlikely to have some other sort of problem that we never anticipated "
+"(though this does happen occasionally). However, some free software "
+"licenses are based on contracts, and contracts can impose a much larger "
+"range of possible restrictions. That means there are many possible ways "
+"such a license could be unacceptably restrictive and non-free."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:184
+msgid ""
+"We can't possibly list all the ways that might happen. If a contract-based "
+"license restricts the user in an unusual way that copyright-based licenses "
+"cannot, and which isn't mentioned here as legitimate, we will have to think "
+"about it, and we will probably conclude it is non-free."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:192
+msgid ""
+"When talking about free software, it is best to avoid using terms like "
+"<q>give away</q> or <q>for free,</q> because those terms imply that the "
+"issue is about price, not freedom. Some common terms such as <q>piracy</q> "
+"embody opinions we hope you won't endorse. See <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html\">Confusing Words and Phrases that "
+"are Worth Avoiding</a> for a discussion of these terms. We also have a list "
+"of <a href=\"/philosophy/fs-translations.html\">translations of <q>free "
+"software</q></a> into various languages."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:203
+msgid ""
+"Finally, note that criteria such as those stated in this free software "
+"definition require careful thought for their interpretation. To decide "
+"whether a specific software license qualifies as a free software license, we "
+"judge it based on these criteria to determine whether it fits their spirit "
+"as well as the precise words. If a license includes unconscionable "
+"restrictions, we reject it, even if we did not anticipate the issue in these "
+"criteria. Sometimes a license requirement raises an issue that calls for "
+"extensive thought, including discussions with a lawyer, before we can decide "
+"if the requirement is acceptable. When we reach a conclusion about a new "
+"issue, we often update these criteria to make it easier to see why certain "
+"licenses do or don't qualify."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:217
+msgid ""
+"If you are interested in whether a specific license qualifies as a free "
+"software license, see our <a href=\"/licenses/license-list.html\">list of "
+"licenses</a>. If the license you are concerned with is not listed there, "
+"you can ask us about it by sending us email at <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:225
+msgid ""
+"If you are contemplating writing a new license, please contact the FSF by "
+"writing to that address. The proliferation of different free software "
+"licenses means increased work for users in understanding the licenses; we "
+"may be able to help you find an existing Free Software license that meets "
+"your needs."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:233
+msgid ""
+"If that isn't possible, if you really need a new license, with our help you "
+"can ensure that the license really is a Free Software license and avoid "
+"various practical problems."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:238
+msgid "Beyond Software"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:241
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/free-doc.html\">Software manuals must be free</a>, for "
+"the same reasons that software must be free, and because the manuals are in "
+"effect part of the software."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:247
+msgid ""
+"The same arguments also make sense for other kinds of works of practical use "
+"— that is to say, works that embody useful knowledge, such as "
+"educational works and reference works. <a "
+"href=\"http://wikipedia.org\";>Wikipedia</a> is the best known example."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:255
+msgid ""
+"Any kind of work <em>can</em> be free, and the definition of free software "
+"has been extended to a definition of <a href=\"http://freedomdefined.org/\";> "
+"free cultural works</a> applicable to any kind of works."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:260
+msgid "Open Source?"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:263
+msgid ""
+"Another group has started using the term <q>open source</q> to mean "
+"something close (but not identical) to <q>free software.</q> We prefer the "
+"term <q>free software</q> because, once you have heard that it refers to "
+"freedom rather than price, it calls to mind freedom. The word <q>open</q> "
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\"> never refers to "
+"freedom</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:272
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:281
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"http://www.fsf.org/about/contact.html\";>other ways to contact</a> the "
+"FSF. <br /> Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) "
+"to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:291
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:298
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, "
+"2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><address>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:301
+msgid "51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:302
+msgid ""
+"Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any "
+"medium without royalty provided this notice is preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:308
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:310
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/free-sw.proto:318
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.pot
diff -N philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:14
-0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:4
+msgid ""
+"Why Open Source misses the point of Free Software - GNU Project - Free "
+"Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:8
+msgid "Why “Open Source” misses the point of Free Software"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:10
+msgid "by <strong>Richard Stallman</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:12
+msgid ""
+"When we call software “free,” we mean that it respects the <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">users' essential freedoms</a>: the freedom "
+"to run it, to study and change it, and to redistribute copies with or "
+"without changes. This is a matter of freedom, not price, so think of "
+"“free speech,” not “free beer.”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:19
+msgid ""
+"These freedoms are vitally important. They are essential, not just for the "
+"individual users' sake, but because they promote social "
+"solidarity—that is, sharing and cooperation. They become even more "
+"important as more and more of our culture and life activities are "
+"digitized. In a world of digital sounds, images and words, free software "
+"comes increasingly to equate with freedom in general."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:26
+msgid ""
+"Tens of millions of people around the world now use free software; the "
+"schools of regions of India and Spain now teach all students to use the free "
+"<a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux operating system</a>. But "
+"most of these users have never heard of the ethical reasons for which we "
+"developed this system and built the free software community, because today "
+"this system and community are more often described as “open "
+"source,” and attributed to a different philosophy in which these "
+"freedoms are hardly mentioned."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:35
+msgid ""
+"The free software movement has campaigned for computer users' freedom since "
+"1983. In 1984 we launched the development of the free operating system GNU, "
+"so we could avoid the non-free operating systems that deny freedom to their "
+"users. During the 80s, we developed most of the essential components of "
+"such a system, as well as the <a href=\"/licenses/gpl.html\">GNU General "
+"Public License</a>, a license designed specifically to protect freedom for "
+"all users of a program."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:44
+msgid ""
+"However, not all of the users and developers of free software agreed with "
+"the goals of the free software movement. In 1998, a part of the free "
+"software community splintered off and began campaigning in the name of "
+"“open source.” The term was originally proposed to avoid a "
+"possible misunderstanding of the term “free software,” but it "
+"soon became associated with philosophical views quite different from those "
+"of the free software movement."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:52
+msgid ""
+"Some of the proponents of “open source” considered it a "
+"“marketing campaign for free software,” which would appeal to "
+"business executives by citing practical benefits, while avoiding ideas of "
+"right and wrong that they might not like to hear. Other proponents flatly "
+"rejected the free software movement's ethical and social values. Whichever "
+"their views, when campaigning for “open source” they did not "
+"cite or advocate those values. The term “open source” quickly "
+"became associated with the practice of citing only practical values, such as "
+"making powerful, reliable software. Most of the supporters of “open "
+"source” have come to it since then, and that practice is what they "
+"take it to mean."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:65
+msgid ""
+"Nearly all open source software is free software; the two terms describe "
+"almost the same category of software. But they stand for views based on "
+"fundamentally different values. Open source is a development methodology; "
+"free software is a social movement. For the free software movement, free "
+"software is an ethical imperative, because only free software respects the "
+"users' freedom. By contrast, the philosophy of open source considers issues "
+"in terms of how to make software “better”—in a practical "
+"sense only. It says that non-free software is a suboptimal solution. For "
+"the free software movement, however, non-free software is a social problem, "
+"and moving to free software is the solution."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:77
+msgid ""
+"Free software. Open source. If it's the same software, does it matter "
+"which name you use? Yes, because different words convey different ideas. "
+"While a free program by any other name would give you the same freedom "
+"today, establishing freedom in a lasting way depends above all on teaching "
+"people to value freedom. If you want to help do this, it is essential to "
+"speak about “free software.”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:85
+msgid ""
+"We in the free software movement don't think of the open source camp as an "
+"enemy; the enemy is proprietary (non-free) software. But we want people to "
+"know we stand for freedom, so we do not accept being misidentified as open "
+"source supporters."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:90
+msgid ""
+"Common misunderstandings of “free software” and “open "
+"source”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:93
+msgid ""
+"The term “free software” has a problem of misinterpretation: an "
+"unintended meaning, “software you can get for zero price,” fits "
+"the term just as well as the intended meaning, “software which gives "
+"the user certain freedoms.” We address this problem by publishing the "
+"definition of free software, and by saying “Think of free speech, not "
+"free beer.” This is not a perfect solution; it cannot completely "
+"eliminate the problem. An unambiguous, correct term would be better, if it "
+"didn't have other problems."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:103
+msgid ""
+"Unfortunately, all the alternatives in English have problems of their own. "
+"We've looked at many alternatives that people have suggested, but none is so "
+"clearly “right” that switching to it would be a good idea. "
+"Every proposed replacement for “free software” has some kind of "
+"semantic problem—and this includes “open source software.”"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:111
+msgid ""
+"The <a href=\"http://opensource.org/docs/osd\";>official definition of "
+"“open source software”</a> (which is published by the Open "
+"Source Initiative and too long to cite here) was derived indirectly from our "
+"criteria for free software. It is not the same; it is a little looser in "
+"some respects, so open source supporters have accepted a few licenses that "
+"we consider unacceptably restrictive of the users. Nonetheless, it is "
+"fairly close to our definition in practice."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:120
+msgid ""
+"However, the obvious meaning for the expression “open source "
+"software” is “You can look at the source code,” and most "
+"people seem to think that's what it means. That is a much weaker criterion "
+"than free software, and much weaker than the official definition of open "
+"source. It includes many programs that are neither free nor open source."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:127
+msgid ""
+"Since that obvious meaning for “open source” is not the meaning "
+"that its advocates intend, the result is that most people misunderstand the "
+"term. Here is how writer Neal Stephenson defined “open source”:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:132
+msgid ""
+"Linux is “open source” software meaning, simply, that anyone can "
+"get copies of its source code files."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:136
+msgid ""
+"I don't think he deliberately sought to reject or dispute the "
+"“official” definition. I think he simply applied the "
+"conventions of the English language to come up with a meaning for the term. "
+"The state of Kansas published a similar definition:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:141
+msgid ""
+"Make use of open-source software (OSS). OSS is software for which the "
+"source code is freely and publicly available, though the specific licensing "
+"agreements vary as to what one is allowed to do with that code."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:146
+msgid ""
+"The open source people try to deal with this by pointing to their official "
+"definition, but that corrective approach is less effective for them than it "
+"is for us. The term “free software” has two natural meanings, "
+"one of which is the intended meaning, so a person who has grasped the idea "
+"of “free speech, not free beer” will not get it wrong again. "
+"But “open source” has only one natural meaning, which is "
+"different from the meaning its supporters intend. So there is no succinct "
+"way to explain and justify the official definition of “open "
+"source.” That makes for worse confusion."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:157
+msgid "Different values can lead to similar conclusions…but not always"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:159
+msgid ""
+"Radical groups in the 1960s had a reputation for factionalism: some "
+"organizations split because of disagreements on details of strategy, and the "
+"two daughter groups treated each other as enemies despite having similar "
+"basic goals and values. The right-wing made much of this, and used it to "
+"criticize the entire left."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:165
+msgid ""
+"Some try to disparage the free software movement by comparing our "
+"disagreement with open source to the disagreements of those radical groups. "
+"They have it backwards. We disagree with the open source camp on the basic "
+"goals and values, but their views and ours lead in many cases to the same "
+"practical behavior—such as developing free software."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:172
+msgid ""
+"As a result, people from the free software movement and the open source camp "
+"often work together on practical projects such as software development. It "
+"is remarkable that such different philosophical views can so often motivate "
+"different people to participate in the same projects. Nonetheless, these "
+"views are very different, and there are situations where they lead to very "
+"different actions."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:179
+msgid ""
+"The idea of open source is that allowing users to change and redistribute "
+"the software will make it more powerful and reliable. But this is not "
+"guaranteed. Developers of proprietary software are not necessarily "
+"incompetent. Sometimes they produce a program which is powerful and "
+"reliable, even though it does not respect the users' freedom. How will free "
+"software activists and open source enthusiasts react to that?"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:187
+msgid ""
+"A pure open source enthusiast, one that is not at all influenced by the "
+"ideals of free software, will say, “I am surprised you were able to "
+"make the program work so well without using our development model, but you "
+"did. How can I get a copy?” This attitude will reward schemes that "
+"take away our freedom, leading to its loss."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:193
+msgid ""
+"The free software activist will say, “Your program is very attractive, "
+"but not at the price of my freedom. So I have to do without it. Instead I "
+"will support a project to develop a free replacement.” If we value our "
+"freedom, we can act to maintain and defend it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:199
+msgid "Powerful, reliable software can be bad"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:201
+msgid ""
+"The idea that we want software to be powerful and reliable comes from the "
+"supposition that the software is designed to serve its users. If it is "
+"powerful and reliable, that means it serves them better."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:205
+msgid ""
+"But software can only be said to serve its users if it respects their "
+"freedom. What if the software is designed to put chains on its users? Then "
+"powerfulness only means the chains are more constricting, and reliability "
+"that they are harder to remove. Malicious features, such as spying on the "
+"users, restricting the users, back doors, and imposed upgrades are common in "
+"proprietary software, and some open source supporters want to do likewise."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:213
+msgid ""
+"Under the pressure of the movie and record companies, software for "
+"individuals to use is increasingly designed specifically to restrict them. "
+"This malicious feature is known as DRM, or Digital Restrictions Management "
+"(see <a href=\"http://defectivebydesign.org/\";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>), "
+"and it is the antithesis in spirit of the freedom that free software aims to "
+"provide. And not just in spirit: since the goal of DRM is to trample your "
+"freedom, DRM developers try to make it hard, impossible, or even illegal for "
+"you to change the software that implements the DRM."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:223
+msgid ""
+"Yet some open source supporters have proposed “open source DRM” "
+"software. Their idea is that by publishing the source code of programs "
+"designed to restrict your access to encrypted media, and allowing others to "
+"change it, they will produce more powerful and reliable software for "
+"restricting users like you. Then it will be delivered to you in devices "
+"that do not allow you to change it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:230
+msgid ""
+"This software might be “open source,” and use the open source "
+"development model; but it won't be free software, since it won't respect the "
+"freedom of the users that actually run it. If the open source development "
+"model succeeds in making this software more powerful and reliable for "
+"restricting you, that will make it even worse."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:237
+msgid "Fear of freedom"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:239
+msgid ""
+"The main initial motivation for the term “open source software” "
+"is that the ethical ideas of “free software” make some people "
+"uneasy. That's true: talking about freedom, about ethical issues, about "
+"responsibilities as well as convenience, is asking people to think about "
+"things they might prefer to ignore, such as whether their conduct is "
+"ethical. This can trigger discomfort, and some people may simply close "
+"their minds to it. It does not follow that we ought to stop talking about "
+"these things."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:248
+msgid ""
+"However, that is what the leaders of “open source” decided to "
+"do. They figured that by keeping quiet about ethics and freedom, and "
+"talking only about the immediate practical benefits of certain free "
+"software, they might be able to “sell” the software more "
+"effectively to certain users, especially business."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:254
+msgid ""
+"This approach has proved effective, in its own terms. The rhetoric of open "
+"source has convinced many businesses and individuals to use, and even "
+"develop, free software, which has extended our community—but only at "
+"the superficial, practical level. The philosophy of open source, with its "
+"purely practical values, impedes understanding of the deeper ideas of free "
+"software; it brings many people into our community, but does not teach them "
+"to defend it. That is good, as far as it goes, but it is not enough to make "
+"freedom secure. Attracting users to free software takes them just part of "
+"the way to becoming defenders of their own freedom."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:265
+msgid ""
+"Sooner or later these users will be invited to switch back to proprietary "
+"software for some practical advantage. Countless companies seek to offer "
+"such temptation, some even offering copies gratis. Why would users decline? "
+"Only if they have learned to value the freedom free software gives them, to "
+"value freedom as such rather than the technical and practical convenience of "
+"specific free software. To spread this idea, we have to talk about "
+"freedom. A certain amount of the “keep quiet” approach to "
+"business can be useful for the community, but it is dangerous if it becomes "
+"so common that the love of freedom comes to seem like an eccentricity."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:276
+msgid ""
+"That dangerous situation is exactly what we have. Most people involved with "
+"free software say little about freedom—usually because they seek to be "
+"“more acceptable to business.” Software distributors especially "
+"show this pattern. Nearly all GNU/Linux operating system distributions add "
+"proprietary packages to the basic free system, and they invite users to "
+"consider this an advantage, rather than a step backwards from freedom."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:284
+msgid ""
+"Proprietary add-on software and partially non-free GNU/Linux distributions "
+"find fertile ground because most of our community does not insist on freedom "
+"with its software. This is no coincidence. Most GNU/Linux users were "
+"introduced to the system by “open source” discussion which "
+"doesn't say that freedom is a goal. The practices that don't uphold freedom "
+"and the words that don't talk about freedom go hand in hand, each promoting "
+"the other. To overcome this tendency, we need more, not less, talk about "
+"freedom."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:293
+msgid "Conclusion"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:295
+msgid ""
+"As the advocates of open source draw new users into our community, we free "
+"software activists have to work even more to bring the issue of freedom to "
+"those new users' attention. We have to say, “It's free software and "
+"it gives you freedom!”—more and louder than ever. Every time "
+"you say “free software” rather than “open source,” "
+"you help our campaign."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:302
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:305
+msgid ""
+"Joe Barr wrote an article called <a "
+"href=\"http://www.itworld.com/AppDev/350/LWD010523vcontrol4/\";>Live and let "
+"license</a> that gives his perspective on this issue."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:310
+msgid ""
+"Lakhani and Wolf's <a "
+"href=\"http://freesoftware.mit.edu/papers/lakhaniwolf.pdf\";>paper on the "
+"motivation of free software developers</a> says that a considerable fraction "
+"are motivated by the view that software should be free. This was despite "
+"the fact that they surveyed the developers on SourceForge, a site that does "
+"not support the view that this is an ethical issue."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:318
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:325
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:334
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 2007 Richard Stallman <br /> Verbatim copying and "
+"distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided "
+"this notice is preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:341
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:343
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.proto:355
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: philosophy/po/right-to-read.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/po/right-to-read.pot
diff -N philosophy/po/right-to-read.pot
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ philosophy/po/right-to-read.pot 6 Feb 2008 21:25:14 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,522 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <address@hidden>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-06 16:25-0500\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:3
+msgid "The Right to Read - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:5
+msgid "The Right to Read"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:8
+msgid ""
+"by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";><strong>Richard "
+"Stallman</strong></a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:11
+msgid ""
+"<em>This article appeared in the February 1997 issue of "
+"<strong>Communications of the ACM</strong> (Volume 40, Number 2).</em>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:16
+msgid ""
+"(from “The Road To Tycho”, a collection of articles about the "
+"antecedents of the Lunarian Revolution, published in Luna City in 2096)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:22
+msgid ""
+"For Dan Halbert, the road to Tycho began in college—when Lissa Lenz "
+"asked to borrow his computer. Hers had broken down, and unless she could "
+"borrow another, she would fail her midterm project. There was no one she "
+"dared ask, except Dan."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:28
+msgid ""
+"This put Dan in a dilemma. He had to help her—but if he lent her his "
+"computer, she might read his books. Aside from the fact that you could go "
+"to prison for many years for letting someone else read your books, the very "
+"idea shocked him at first. Like everyone, he had been taught since "
+"elementary school that sharing books was nasty and wrong—something "
+"that only pirates would do."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:36
+msgid ""
+"And there wasn't much chance that the SPA—the Software Protection "
+"Authority—would fail to catch him. In his software class, Dan had "
+"learned that each book had a copyright monitor that reported when and where "
+"it was read, and by whom, to Central Licensing. (They used this information "
+"to catch reading pirates, but also to sell personal interest profiles to "
+"retailers.) The next time his computer was networked, Central Licensing "
+"would find out. He, as computer owner, would receive the harshest "
+"punishment—for not taking pains to prevent the crime."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:47
+msgid ""
+"Of course, Lissa did not necessarily intend to read his books. She might "
+"want the computer only to write her midterm. But Dan knew she came from a "
+"middle-class family and could hardly afford the tuition, let alone her "
+"reading fees. Reading his books might be the only way she could graduate. "
+"He understood this situation; he himself had had to borrow to pay for all "
+"the research papers he read. (10% of those fees went to the researchers who "
+"wrote the papers; since Dan aimed for an academic career, he could hope that "
+"his own research papers, if frequently referenced, would bring in enough to "
+"repay this loan.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:58
+msgid ""
+"Later on, Dan would learn there was a time when anyone could go to the "
+"library and read journal articles, and even books, without having to pay. "
+"There were independent scholars who read thousands of pages without "
+"government library grants. But in the 1990s, both commercial and nonprofit "
+"journal publishers had begun charging fees for access. By 2047, libraries "
+"offering free public access to scholarly literature were a dim memory."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:67
+msgid ""
+"There were ways, of course, to get around the SPA and Central Licensing. "
+"They were themselves illegal. Dan had had a classmate in software, Frank "
+"Martucci, who had obtained an illicit debugging tool, and used it to skip "
+"over the copyright monitor code when reading books. But he had told too "
+"many friends about it, and one of them turned him in to the SPA for a reward "
+"(students deep in debt were easily tempted into betrayal). In 2047, Frank "
+"was in prison, not for pirate reading, but for possessing a debugger."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:77
+msgid ""
+"Dan would later learn that there was a time when anyone could have debugging "
+"tools. There were even free debugging tools available on CD or downloadable "
+"over the net. But ordinary users started using them to bypass copyright "
+"monitors, and eventually a judge ruled that this had become their principal "
+"use in actual practice. This meant they were illegal; the debuggers' "
+"developers were sent to prison."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:85
+msgid ""
+"Programmers still needed debugging tools, of course, but debugger vendors in "
+"2047 distributed numbered copies only, and only to officially licensed and "
+"bonded programmers. The debugger Dan used in software class was kept behind "
+"a special firewall so that it could be used only for class exercises."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:92
+msgid ""
+"It was also possible to bypass the copyright monitors by installing a "
+"modified system kernel. Dan would eventually find out about the free "
+"kernels, even entire free operating systems, that had existed around the "
+"turn of the century. But not only were they illegal, like "
+"debuggers—you could not install one if you had one, without knowing "
+"your computer's root password. And neither the <abbr title=\"Federal Bureau "
+"of Investigation\">FBI</abbr> nor Microsoft Support would tell you that."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:102
+msgid ""
+"Dan concluded that he couldn't simply lend Lissa his computer. But he "
+"couldn't refuse to help her, because he loved her. Every chance to speak "
+"with her filled him with delight. And that she chose him to ask for help, "
+"that could mean she loved him too."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:108
+msgid ""
+"Dan resolved the dilemma by doing something even more unthinkable—he "
+"lent her the computer, and told her his password. This way, if Lissa read "
+"his books, Central Licensing would think he was reading them. It was still "
+"a crime, but the SPA would not automatically find out about it. They would "
+"only find out if Lissa reported him."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:116
+msgid ""
+"Of course, if the school ever found out that he had given Lissa his own "
+"password, it would be curtains for both of them as students, regardless of "
+"what she had used it for. School policy was that any interference with "
+"their means of monitoring students' computer use was grounds for "
+"disciplinary action. It didn't matter whether you did anything "
+"harmful—the offense was making it hard for the administrators to check "
+"on you. They assumed this meant you were doing something else forbidden, "
+"and they did not need to know what it was."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:127
+msgid ""
+"Students were not usually expelled for this—not directly. Instead "
+"they were banned from the school computer systems, and would inevitably fail "
+"all their classes."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:132
+msgid ""
+"Later, Dan would learn that this kind of university policy started only in "
+"the 1980s, when university students in large numbers began using computers. "
+"Previously, universities maintained a different approach to student "
+"discipline; they punished activities that were harmful, not those that "
+"merely raised suspicion."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:139
+msgid ""
+"Lissa did not report Dan to the SPA. His decision to help her led to their "
+"marriage, and also led them to question what they had been taught about "
+"piracy as children. The couple began reading about the history of "
+"copyright, about the Soviet Union and its restrictions on copying, and even "
+"the original United States Constitution. They moved to Luna, where they "
+"found others who had likewise gravitated away from the long arm of the SPA. "
+"When the Tycho Uprising began in 2062, the universal right to read soon "
+"became one of its central aims."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:149
+msgid "Author's Note"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:151
+msgid "This note was updated in 2007."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:154
+msgid ""
+"The right to read is a battle being fought today. Although it may take 50 "
+"years for our present way of life to fade into obscurity, most of the "
+"specific laws and practices described above have already been proposed; many "
+"have been enacted into law in the US and elsewhere. In the US, the 1998 "
+"Digital Millenium Copyright Act established the legal basis to restrict the "
+"reading and lending of computerized books (and other works as well). The "
+"European Union imposed similar restrictions in a 2001 copyright directive. "
+"In France, under the DADVSI law adopted in 2006, mere possession of a copy "
+"of DeCSS, the free program to decrypt video on a DVD, is a crime."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:166
+msgid ""
+"In 2001, Disney-funded Senator Hollings proposed a bill called the SSSCA "
+"that would require every new computer to have mandatory copy-restriction "
+"facilities that the user cannot bypass. Following the Clipper chip and "
+"similar US government key-escrow proposals, this shows a long-term trend: "
+"computer systems are increasingly set up to give absentees with clout "
+"control over the people actually using the computer system. The SSSCA was "
+"later renamed to the unpronouncable CBDTPA, which was glossed as the "
+"“Consume But Don't Try Programming Act”."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:178
+msgid ""
+"The Republicans took control of the US senate shortly thereafter. They are "
+"less tied to Hollywood than the Democrats, so they did not press these "
+"proposals. Now that the Democrats are back in control, the danger is once "
+"again higher."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:184
+msgid ""
+"In 2001 the US began attempting to use the proposed Free Trade Area of the "
+"Americas treaty to impose the same rules on all the countries in the Western "
+"Hemisphere. The FTAA is one of the so-called “free trade” "
+"treaties, which are actually designed to give business increased power over "
+"democratic governments; imposing laws like the DMCA is typical of this "
+"spirit. The FTAA was effectively killed by Lula, President of Brazil, who "
+"rejected the DMCA requirement and others."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:194
+msgid ""
+"Since then, the US has imposed similar requirements on countries such as "
+"Australia and Mexico through bilateral “free trade” agreements, "
+"and on countries such as Costa Rica through CAFTA. Ecuador's President "
+"Correa refused to sign the “free trade” agreement, but Ecuador "
+"had adopted something like the DMCA in 2003. Ecuador's new constitution may "
+"provide an opportunity to get rid of it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:203
+msgid ""
+"One of the ideas in the story was not proposed in reality until 2002. This "
+"is the idea that the <abbr>FBI</abbr> and Microsoft will keep the root "
+"passwords for your personal computers, and not let you have them."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:209
+msgid ""
+"The proponents of this scheme have given it names such as “trusted "
+"computing” and “palladium”. We call it <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/can-you-trust.html\">“treacherous "
+"computing”</a>, because the effect is to make your computer obey "
+"companies instead of you. This was implemented in 2007 as part of <a "
+"href=\"http://badvista.org/\";>Windows Vista</a>; we expect Apple to do "
+"something similar. In this scheme, it is the manufacturer that keeps the "
+"secret code, but the <abbr>FBI</abbr> would have little trouble getting it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:220
+msgid ""
+"What Microsoft keeps is not exactly a password in the traditional sense; no "
+"person ever types it on a terminal. Rather, it is a signature and "
+"encryption key that corresponds to a second key stored in your computer. "
+"This enables Microsoft, and potentially any web sites that cooperate with "
+"Microsoft, the ultimate control over what the user can do on his own "
+"computer."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:228
+msgid ""
+"Vista also gives Microsoft additional powers; for instance, Microsoft can "
+"forcibly install upgrades, and it can order all machines running Vista to "
+"refuse to run a certain device driver. The main purpose of Vista's many "
+"restrictions is to make DRM that users can't overcome."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:234
+msgid ""
+"The SPA, which actually stands for Software Publisher's Association, has "
+"been replaced in this police-like role by the BSA or Business Software "
+"Alliance. It is not, today, an official police force; unofficially, it acts "
+"like one. Using methods reminiscent of the erstwhile Soviet Union, it "
+"invites people to inform on their coworkers and friends. A BSA terror "
+"campaign in Argentina in 2001 made slightly-veiled threats that people "
+"sharing software would be raped."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:243
+msgid ""
+"When this story was first written, the SPA was threatening small Internet "
+"service providers, demanding they permit the SPA to monitor all users. Most "
+"ISPs surrendered when threatened, because they cannot afford to fight back "
+"in court. (Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 1 Oct 96, D3.) At least one ISP, "
+"Community ConneXion in Oakland CA, refused the demand and was actually "
+"sued. The SPA later dropped the suit, but obtained the DMCA which gave them "
+"the power they sought."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:252
+msgid ""
+"The university security policies described above are not imaginary. For "
+"example, a computer at one Chicago-area university prints this message when "
+"you log in (quotation marks are in the original):"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:257
+msgid ""
+"This system is for the use of authorized users only. Individuals using this "
+"computer system without authority or in the excess of their authority are "
+"subject to having all their activities on this system monitored and recorded "
+"by system personnel. In the course of monitoring individuals improperly "
+"using this system or in the course of system maintenance, the activities of "
+"authorized user may also be monitored. Anyone using this system expressly "
+"consents to such monitoring and is advised that if such monitoring reveals "
+"possible evidence of illegal activity or violation of University regulations "
+"system personnel may provide the evidence of such monitoring to University "
+"authorities and/or law enforcement officials."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:270
+msgid ""
+"This is an interesting approach to the Fourth Amendment: pressure most "
+"everyone to agree, in advance, to waive their rights under it."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:273
+msgid "References"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:276
+msgid ""
+"The administration's “White Paper”: Information Infrastructure "
+"Task Force, Intellectual Property and the National Information "
+"Infrastructure: The Report of the Working Group on Intellectual Property "
+"Rights (1995)."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:281
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.01/white.paper_pr.html\";>An "
+"explanation of the White Paper: The Copyright Grab</a>, Pamela Samuelson, "
+"Wired, Jan. 1996"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:285
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.law.duke.edu/boylesite/sold_out.htm\";>Sold Out</a>, "
+"James Boyle, New York Times, 31 March 1996"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:288
+msgid ""
+"Public Data or Private Data, Washington Post, 4 Nov 1996. We used to have a "
+"link to this, but Washinton Post has decided to start charging users who "
+"wishes to read articles on the web site and therefore we have decided to "
+"remove the link."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:293
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.public-domain.org/\";>Union for the Public "
+"Domain</a>—an organization which aims to resist and reverse the "
+"overextension of copyright and patent powers."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:299
+msgid ""
+"This essay is published in <a href=\"/doc/book13.html\"><cite>Free Software, "
+"Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:303
+msgid "<strong>Other Texts to Read</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:306
+msgid "<a href=\"/philosophy/philosophy.html\">Philosophy of the GNU
Project</a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:308
+msgid ""
+"<a "
+"href=\"http://www.computerworld.com/managementtopics/management/opinion/story/0,10801,49358,00.html\";
"
+"id=\"COPYPROCTECTION\">Copy Protection: Just Say No</a>, Published in "
+"Computer World."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:314
+msgid ""
+"The <a href=\"#AuthorsNote\">author's note</a> talks about the battle for "
+"the right to read and electronic surveillance. The battle is beginning now; "
+"here are links to two articles about technologies now being developed to "
+"deny you the right to read."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:319
+msgid ""
+"<a "
+"href=\"http://www.zdnet.com/zdnn/stories/news/0,4586,2324939,00.html\";>Electronic
"
+"Publishing:</a> An article about distribution of books in electronic form, "
+"and copyright issues affecting the right to read a copy."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:323
+msgid ""
+"<a "
+"href=\"http://channels.microsoft.com/presspass/press/1999/Aug99/SeyboldPR.asp\";>Books
"
+"inside Computers:</a> Software to control who can read books and documents "
+"on a PC."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:329
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:336
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:346
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:353
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996 Richard Stallman <br /> Verbatim copying and "
+"distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium without "
+"royalty provided this notice is preserved."
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:361
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:363
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#: ../../philosophy/po/right-to-read.proto:371
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr ""
Index: philosophy/po/software-literary-patents.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/po/software-literary-patents.pot
diff -N philosophy/po/software-literary-patents.pot
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