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Re: [PATCH] %nil-handling optimization and fixes v1


From: Neil Jerram
Subject: Re: [PATCH] %nil-handling optimization and fixes v1
Date: Fri, 28 Aug 2009 08:11:51 +0100
User-agent: Gnus/5.11 (Gnus v5.11) Emacs/22.2 (gnu/linux)

I'm sorry, I typed the wrong keys and sent this response prematurely.
I'll finish off the review and send a complete response later on!

     Neil

Neil Jerram <address@hidden> writes:

> So, finally, here we go with these patches.
>
> Mark H Weaver <address@hidden> writes:
>
>> Attached are patches to optimize %nil handling, along with some fixes
>> to %nil-handling bugs, as I outlined in my recent posts.
>>
>> Four patches are attached.  The first.patch is the most important, and
>> is a prerequisite for the others.  In brief it does the following:
>>
>>  * Renumbers the IFLAG constants.
>>
>>  * Adds several macros related to boolean type tests, null tests, and
>>    boolean-truth testing (including lisp-style boolean-truth tests).
>>
>>  * Adds compile-time checks to verify the necessary IFLAG numbering
>>    properties needed for the checks to work properly.
>>
>>  * Changes some existing code to use the new optimized macros, without
>>    changing the semantics of the code at all (except that scm_is_bool
>>    is changed from a function to a macro).
>>
>> I added the following macros, whose names explicitly state how %nil
>> should be handled.  See the comments in the patch for more information
>> about these.
>>
>>   scm_is_false_assume_not_lisp_nil  scm_is_true_assume_not_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_false_and_not_lisp_nil     scm_is_true_or_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil          scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil
>>
>>   scm_is_lisp_false                 scm_is_lisp_true
>>
>>   scm_is_null_assume_not_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_null_and_not_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil
>>
>>   scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_bool_or_lisp_nil
>>
>> The following already-existing macros are defined as aliases, such
>> that their semantics is unchanged (although scm_is_bool used to be a
>> function and is now a macro).
>>
>>   scm_is_null   -->  scm_is_null_and_not_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_false  -->  scm_is_false_and_not_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_true   -->  scm_is_true_or_lisp_nil
>>   scm_is_bool   -->  scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil
>>
>> (I still believe that these should be changed to versions that handle
>>  %nil properly, but await approval on that point, so these patches do
>>  not make those changes)
>>
>> Also, if the preprocessor macro SCM_ENABLE_ELISP is not true (this
>> macro already existed and was used in lang.h), all overheads
>> associated with %nil handling are eliminated from the above macros.
>>
>>
>> vm-fixes.patch changes semantics, by fixing %nil handling in the
>> following instructions: br-if, br-if-not, br-if-null, br-if-not-null,
>> not, not-not, null?, and not-null?
>>
>> srfi-1-fixes.patch changes semantics, by fixing %nil handling in
>> several functions.  Note that this patch (and several other large
>> forthcoming patches) will be unnecessary if the scm_is_false,
>> scm_is_true, and scm_is_null macros are changed to handle %nil as I
>> proposed.
>>
>> non-essential.patch is the last and least important.  It doesn't
>> change any functionality or implementation.  It changes two
>> occurrences of scm_is_bool and scm_is_null, in which %nil must *not*
>> be treated as a boolean or null, to use newly-added equivalent macros
>> which are explicit about how nil should be handled.  These changes
>> will be needed if scm_is_null is changed as I proposed.  It also adds
>> a few comments related to %nil handling.
>>
>> I've run "make check" on recent git master (c4b681fd) with these
>> patches applied, and everything seems to work.
>>
>> I haven't yet run any benchmarks, because I'm not sure how to best do
>> that.  I doubt the changes will make any noticeable difference except
>> possibly in C code which does a lot of tests which include %nil.
>>
>> Comments and suggestions solicited.
>>
>>    Best,
>>     Mark
>>
>> diff --git a/libguile/tags.h b/libguile/tags.h
>> index 3294533..25aea09 100644
>> --- a/libguile/tags.h
>> +++ b/libguile/tags.h
>> @@ -516,12 +516,47 @@ enum scm_tc8_tags
>>  #define SCM_MAKIFLAG(n)  SCM_MAKE_ITAG8 ((n), scm_tc8_flag)
>>  #define SCM_IFLAGNUM(n)  (SCM_ITAG8_DATA (n))
>>  
>> +/*
>> + * IMPORTANT NOTE regarding IFLAG numbering!!!
>> + *
>> + * Several macros depend upon careful IFLAG numbering of SCM_BOOL_F,
>> + * SCM_BOOL_T, SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_EOL, and the two SCM_XXX_*_DONT_USE
>> + * constants.  In particular:
>> + *
>> + * - SCM_BOOL_F and SCM_BOOL_T must differ in exactly one bit position.
>> + *   (used to implement scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil, aka scm_is_bool)
>> + *
>> + * - SCM_ELISP_NIL and SCM_BOOL_F must differ in exactly one bit position.
>> + *   (used to implement scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil and
>> + *    scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil)
>> + *
>> + * - SCM_ELISP_NIL and SCM_EOL must differ in exactly one bit position.
>> + *   (used to implement scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil)
>> + *
>> + * - SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_EOL, SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_LISP_FALSE_DONT_USE
>> + *   must all be equal except for two bit positions.
>> + *   (used to implement scm_is_lisp_false)
>> + *
>> + * - SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_BOOL_T, SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_BOOLEAN_DONT_USE
>> + *   must all be equal except for two bit positions.
>> + *   (used to implement scm_is_bool_or_lisp_nil)
>> + *
>> + * These properties allow the aforementioned macros to be implemented
>> + * by bitwise ANDing with a mask and then comparing with a constant,
>> + * using as a common basis the macro SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON,
>> + * defined below.  The properties are checked at compile-time using
>> + * `verify' macros near the top of boolean.c and pairs.c.
>> + */
>
> Appreciate the detailed comments.
>
>>  #define SCM_BOOL_F          SCM_MAKIFLAG (0)
>> -#define SCM_BOOL_T          SCM_MAKIFLAG (1)
>> -#define SCM_UNDEFINED               SCM_MAKIFLAG (2)
>> -#define SCM_EOF_VAL                 SCM_MAKIFLAG (3)
>> -#define SCM_EOL                     SCM_MAKIFLAG (4)
>> -#define SCM_UNSPECIFIED             SCM_MAKIFLAG (5)
>> +#define SCM_ELISP_NIL               SCM_MAKIFLAG (1)
>> +#define SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_LISP_FALSE_DONT_USE SCM_MAKIFLAG (2)
>> +#define SCM_EOL                     SCM_MAKIFLAG (3)
>> +#define SCM_BOOL_T          SCM_MAKIFLAG (4)
>> +#define SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_BOOLEAN_DONT_USE    SCM_MAKIFLAG (5)
>> +
>> +#define SCM_UNSPECIFIED             SCM_MAKIFLAG (6)
>> +#define SCM_UNDEFINED               SCM_MAKIFLAG (7)
>> +#define SCM_EOF_VAL                 SCM_MAKIFLAG (8)
>>  
>>  /* When a variable is unbound this is marked by the SCM_UNDEFINED
>>   * value.  The following is an unbound value which can be handled on
>> @@ -531,14 +566,50 @@ enum scm_tc8_tags
>>   * the code which handles this value in C so that SCM_UNDEFINED can be
>>   * used instead.  It is not ideal to let this kind of unique and
>>   * strange values loose on the Scheme level.  */
>> -#define SCM_UNBOUND         SCM_MAKIFLAG (6)
>> -
>> -/* The Elisp nil value.  */
>> -#define SCM_ELISP_NIL               SCM_MAKIFLAG (7)
>> -
>> +#define SCM_UNBOUND         SCM_MAKIFLAG (9)
>>  
>>  #define SCM_UNBNDP(x)               (scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_UNDEFINED))
>>  
>> +/*
>> + * SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON(x,a,b) returns 1 if and only if x
>> + * matches both a and b in every bit position where a and b are equal;
>> + * otherwise it returns 0.  Bit positions where a and b differ are
>> + * ignored.
>> + *
>> + * This is used to efficiently compare against two values which differ
>> + * in exactly one bit position, or against four values which differ in
>> + * exactly two bit positions.  It is the basis for the following
>> + * macros:
>> + *
>> + *   scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil,
>> + *   scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil,
>> + *   scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil,
>> + *   scm_is_lisp_false,
>> + *   scm_is_lisp_true,
>> + *   scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil (aka scm_is_bool)
>> + *   scm_is_bool_or_lisp_nil.
>> + */
>> +#define SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON(x,a,b)                           \
>> +  ((SCM_UNPACK(x) & ~(SCM_UNPACK(a) ^ SCM_UNPACK(b))) ==            \
>> +   (SCM_UNPACK(a) & SCM_UNPACK(b)))
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * These macros are used for compile-time verification that the
>> + * constants have the properties needed for the above macro to work
>> + * properly.
>> + */
>> +#define SCM_WITH_LEAST_SIGNIFICANT_1_BIT_CLEARED(x)  ((x) & ((x)-1))
>> +#define SCM_HAS_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_SET(x)                                      
>> \
>> +  ((x) != 0 && SCM_WITH_LEAST_SIGNIFICANT_1_BIT_CLEARED (x) == 0)
>
> I know they're not needed, but I'd still add some more parentheses
> here.
>
>> +#define SCM_HAS_EXACTLY_TWO_BITS_SET(x)                                     
>> \
>> +  (SCM_HAS_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_SET (SCM_WITH_LEAST_SIGNIFICANT_1_BIT_CLEARED 
>> (x)))
>> +
>> +#define SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_POSITION(a,b)          \
>> +  (SCM_HAS_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_SET (SCM_UNPACK(a) ^ SCM_UNPACK(b)))
>> +#define SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_TWO_BIT_POSITIONS(a,b,c,d)             
>> \
>> +  (SCM_HAS_EXACTLY_TWO_BITS_SET ((SCM_UNPACK(a) ^ SCM_UNPACK(b)) |  \
>> +                                 (SCM_UNPACK(b) ^ SCM_UNPACK(c)) |  \
>> +                                 (SCM_UNPACK(c) ^ SCM_UNPACK(d))))
>>  
>
> I'd like to make it explicit that these macros are not part of the
> public libguile API, and we recently agreed on using the
> BUILDING_LIBGUILE macro to do this.  So we just need to put #ifdef
> BUILDING_LIBGUILE ... #endif around them.
>
>>  /* Evaluator byte codes ('immediate symbols').  These constants are used 
>> only
>> diff --git a/libguile/print.c b/libguile/print.c
>> index 6c44d59..fd65bf9 100644
>> --- a/libguile/print.c
>> +++ b/libguile/print.c
>> @@ -61,18 +61,17 @@
>>  static const char *iflagnames[] =
>>  {
>>    "#f",
>> +  "#nil",  /* Elisp nil value. Should print from elisp as symbol `nil'. */
>> +  "#<XXX_ANOTHER_LISP_FALSE_DONT_USE__SHOULD_NOT_EXIST!!>",
>> +  "()",
>>    "#t",
>> +  "#<XXX_ANOTHER_BOOLEAN_DONT_USE__SHOULD_NOT_EXIST!!>",
>
> "SHOULD_NOT_EXIST" might make a future developer think that those
> entries should removed from the code.  Maybe add a comment to explain
> what it really means, or change to "SHOULD_NEVER_BE_SEEN"?
>
>> +  "#<unspecified>",
>>    "#<undefined>",
>>    "#<eof>",
>> -  "()",
>> -  "#<unspecified>",
>>  
>>    /* Unbound slot marker for GOOPS.  For internal use in GOOPS only.  */
>>    "#<unbound>",
>> -
>> -  /* Elisp nil value.  This is its Scheme name; whenever it's printed in
>> -   * Elisp, it should appear as the symbol `nil'.  */
>> -  "#nil"
>>  };
>>  
>>  SCM_SYMBOL (sym_reader, "reader");
>> diff --git a/libguile/boolean.h b/libguile/boolean.h
>> index 5a83797..2c480c0 100644
>> --- a/libguile/boolean.h
>> +++ b/libguile/boolean.h
>> @@ -31,16 +31,97 @@
>>   *
>>   */ 
>>  
>> +/*
>> + * Use these macros if it's important (for correctness)
>> + * that %nil MUST be considered true
>> + */
>> +#define scm_is_false_and_not_lisp_nil(x)     (scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_BOOL_F))
>> +#define scm_is_true_or_lisp_nil(x)          (!scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_BOOL_F))
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * Use these macros if %nil will never be tested,
>> + * for increased efficiency.
>> + */
>> +#define scm_is_false_assume_not_lisp_nil(x)  (scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_BOOL_F))
>> +#define scm_is_true_assume_not_lisp_nil(x)  (!scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_BOOL_F))
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * See the comments preceeding the definitions of SCM_BOOL_F and
>> + * SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON in tags.h for more information on
>> + * how the following macro works.
>> + */
>> +#if SCM_ENABLE_ELISP
>> +# define scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil(x)    \
>> +  (SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON ((x), SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_BOOL_F))
>> +#else
>> +# define scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil(x)    (scm_is_false_assume_not_lisp_nil 
>> (x))
>> +#endif
>> +#define scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil(x) (!scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (x))
>>  
>> -#define scm_is_false(x) scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_BOOL_F)
>> -#define scm_is_true(x)  !scm_is_false (x)
>> +/* XXX Should these macros treat %nil as false by default? */
>> +#define scm_is_false(x)  (scm_is_false_and_not_lisp_nil (x))
>> +#define scm_is_true(x)   (!scm_is_false (x))
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * Since we know SCM_BOOL_F and SCM_BOOL_T differ by exactly one bit,
>> + * and that SCM_BOOL_F and SCM_ELISP_NIL differ by exactly one bit,
>> + * and that they of course can't be the same bit (or else SCM_BOOL_T
>> + * and SCM_ELISP_NIL be would equal), it follows that SCM_BOOL_T and
>> + * SCM_ELISP_NIL differ by exactly two bits, and these are the bits
>> + * which will be ignored by SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON below.
>> + *
>> + * See the comments preceeding the definitions of SCM_BOOL_F and
>> + * SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON in tags.h for more information.
>> + *
>> + * If SCM_ENABLE_ELISP is true, then scm_is_bool_or_lisp_nil(x)
>> + * returns 1 if and only if x is one of the following: SCM_BOOL_F,
>> + * SCM_BOOL_T, SCM_ELISP_NIL, or SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_BOOLEAN_DONT_USE.
>> + * Otherwise, it returns 0.
>> + */
>> +#if SCM_ENABLE_ELISP
>> +# define scm_is_bool_or_lisp_nil(x)  \
>> +  (SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON ((x), SCM_BOOL_T, SCM_ELISP_NIL))
>> +#else
>> +# define scm_is_bool_or_lisp_nil(x)  (scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil (x))
>> +#endif
>> +
>> +#define scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil(x)  \
>> +  (SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON ((x), SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_BOOL_T))
>> +
>> +/* XXX Should scm_is_bool treat %nil as a boolean? */
>> +#define scm_is_bool(x)   (scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil (x))
>>  
>> -SCM_API int scm_is_bool (SCM x);
>>  #define scm_from_bool(x) ((x) ? SCM_BOOL_T : SCM_BOOL_F)
>>  SCM_API int scm_to_bool (SCM x);
>>  
>>  
>>  
>> +/*
>> + * The following macros efficiently implement boolean truth testing as
>> + * expected by most lisps, which treat '() aka SCM_EOL as false.
>> + *
>> + * Since we know SCM_ELISP_NIL and SCM_BOOL_F differ by exactly one
>> + * bit, and that SCM_ELISP_NIL and SCM_EOL differ by exactly one bit,
>> + * and that they of course can't be the same bit (or else SCM_BOOL_F
>> + * and SCM_EOL be would equal), it follows that SCM_BOOL_F and SCM_EOL
>> + * differ by exactly two bits, and these are the bits which will be
>> + * ignored by SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON below.
>> + *
>> + * See the comments preceeding the definitions of SCM_BOOL_F and
>> + * SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON in tags.h for more information.
>> + *
>> + * scm_is_lisp_false(x) returns 1 if and only if x is one of the
>> + * following: SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_EOL or
>> + * SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_LISP_FALSE_DONT_USE.  Otherwise, it returns 0.
>> + */
>> +#if SCM_ENABLE_ELISP
>> +# define scm_is_lisp_false(x)  \
>> +  (SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON ((x), SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_EOL))
>> +# define scm_is_lisp_true(x)   (!scm_is_lisp_false(x))
>> +#endif
>> +
>> +
>> +
>>  SCM_API SCM scm_not (SCM x);
>>  SCM_API SCM scm_boolean_p (SCM obj);
>>  
>> diff --git a/libguile/boolean.c b/libguile/boolean.c
>> index d79bf79..9a4f896 100644
>> --- a/libguile/boolean.c
>> +++ b/libguile/boolean.c
>> @@ -29,15 +29,37 @@
>>  #include "libguile/lang.h"
>>  #include "libguile/tags.h"
>>  
>> +#include "verify.h"
>> +
>>  
>>  
>> +/*
>> + * These compile-time tests verify the properties needed for the
>> + * efficient test macros defined in boolean.h, which are defined in
>> + * terms of the SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON macro.
>> + *
>> + * See the comments preceeding the definitions of SCM_BOOL_F and
>> + * SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON in tags.h for more information.
>> + */
>> +verify (SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_POSITION               \
>> +            (SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_BOOL_T));
>> +verify (SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_POSITION               \
>> +            (SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_BOOL_F));
>> +verify (SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_POSITION               \
>> +            (SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_EOL));
>> +verify (SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_TWO_BIT_POSITIONS              \
>> +            (SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_BOOL_T,         \
>> +             SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_BOOLEAN_DONT_USE));
>> +verify (SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_TWO_BIT_POSITIONS              \
>> +            (SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_BOOL_F, SCM_EOL,            \
>> +             SCM_XXX_ANOTHER_LISP_FALSE_DONT_USE));
>>  
>>  SCM_DEFINE (scm_not, "not", 1, 0, 0, 
>>              (SCM x),
>>              "Return @code{#t} iff @var{x} is @code{#f}, else return 
>> @code{#f}.")
>>  #define FUNC_NAME s_scm_not
>>  {
>> -  return scm_from_bool (scm_is_false (x) || SCM_NILP (x));
>> +  return scm_from_bool (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (x));
>>  }
>>  #undef FUNC_NAME
>>  
>> @@ -47,19 +69,14 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_boolean_p, "boolean?", 1, 0, 0,
>>              "Return @code{#t} iff @var{obj} is either @code{#t} or 
>> @code{#f}.")
>>  #define FUNC_NAME s_scm_boolean_p
>>  {
>> -  return scm_from_bool (scm_is_bool (obj) || SCM_NILP (obj));
>> +  return scm_from_bool (scm_is_bool_or_lisp_nil (obj));
>>  }
>>  #undef FUNC_NAME
>>  
>>  int
>> -scm_is_bool (SCM x)
>> -{
>> -  return scm_is_eq (x, SCM_BOOL_F) || scm_is_eq (x, SCM_BOOL_T);
>> -}
>> -
>> -int
>>  scm_to_bool (SCM x)
>>  {
>> +  /* XXX Should this first test use scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil instead? */
>>    if (scm_is_eq (x, SCM_BOOL_F))
>>      return 0;
>>    else if (scm_is_eq (x, SCM_BOOL_T))
>> diff --git a/libguile/pairs.h b/libguile/pairs.h
>> index a6d44d2..9c75709 100644
>> --- a/libguile/pairs.h
>> +++ b/libguile/pairs.h
>> @@ -34,7 +34,32 @@
>>  # define SCM_VALIDATE_PAIR(cell, expr) (expr)
>>  #endif
>>  
>> -#define scm_is_null(x)          (scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_EOL))
>> +/*
>> + * Use scm_is_null_and_not_lisp_nil if it's important (for correctness)
>> + * that %nil must NOT be considered null.
>> + */
>> +#define scm_is_null_and_not_lisp_nil(x)     (scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_EOL))
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * Use scm_is_null_assume_not_lisp_nil if %nil will never be tested,
>> + * for increased efficiency.
>> + */
>> +#define scm_is_null_assume_not_lisp_nil(x)  (scm_is_eq ((x), SCM_EOL))
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * See the comments preceeding the definitions of SCM_BOOL_F and
>> + * SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON in tags.h for more information on
>> + * how the following macro works.
>> + */
>> +#if SCM_ENABLE_ELISP
>> +# define scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil(x)  \
>> +  (SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON ((x), SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_EOL))
>> +#else
>> +# define scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil(x)  (scm_is_null_assume_not_lisp_nil (x))
>> +#endif
>> +
>> +/* XXX Should scm_is_null treat %nil as null by default? */
>> +#define scm_is_null(x)              (scm_is_null_and_not_lisp_nil(x))
>>  
>>  #define SCM_CAR(x)          (SCM_VALIDATE_PAIR (x, SCM_CELL_OBJECT_0 (x)))
>>  #define SCM_CDR(x)          (SCM_VALIDATE_PAIR (x, SCM_CELL_OBJECT_1 (x)))
>> diff --git a/libguile/pairs.c b/libguile/pairs.c
>> index aaaeb11..49eef82 100644
>> --- a/libguile/pairs.c
>> +++ b/libguile/pairs.c
>> @@ -27,11 +27,25 @@
>>  
>>  #include "libguile/pairs.h"
>>  
>> +#include "verify.h"
>> +
>>  
>>  
>>  /* {Pairs}
>>   */
>>  
>> +/*
>> + * This compile-time test verifies the properties needed for the
>> + * efficient test macro scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil defined in pairs.h,
>> + * which is defined in terms of the SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON macro.
>> + *
>> + * See the comments preceeding the definitions of SCM_BOOL_F and
>> + * SCM_MATCHES_BITS_IN_COMMON in tags.h for more information.
>> + */
>> +verify (SCM_VALUES_DIFFER_IN_EXACTLY_ONE_BIT_POSITION               \
>> +             (SCM_ELISP_NIL, SCM_EOL));
>> +
>> +
>>  #if (SCM_DEBUG_PAIR_ACCESSES == 1)
>>  
>>  #include "libguile/ports.h"
>> diff --git a/libguile/lang.h b/libguile/lang.h
>> index 47128de..985f5ef 100644
>> --- a/libguile/lang.h
>> +++ b/libguile/lang.h
>> @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ SCM_INTERNAL void scm_init_lang (void);
>>  
>>  #endif /* ! SCM_ENABLE_ELISP */
>>  
>> -#define SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P(x) (scm_is_null (x) || SCM_NILP (x))
>> +#define SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P(x) (scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (x))
>>  
>>  #endif  /* SCM_LANG_H */
>>  
>> diff --git a/libguile/eval.i.c b/libguile/eval.i.c
>> index 99aa265..9da1664 100644
>> --- a/libguile/eval.i.c
>> +++ b/libguile/eval.i.c
>> @@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ dispatch:
>>            while (!scm_is_null (SCM_CDR (x)))
>>              {
>>                SCM test_result = EVALCAR (x, env);
>> -              if (scm_is_false (test_result) || SCM_NILP (test_result))
>> +              if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (test_result))
>>                  RETURN (SCM_BOOL_F);
>>                else
>>                  x = SCM_CDR (x);
>> @@ -442,8 +442,7 @@ dispatch:
>>                    xx = SCM_CDR (clause);
>>                    proc = EVALCAR (xx, env);
>>                    guard_result = SCM_APPLY (proc, arg1, SCM_EOL);
>> -                  if (scm_is_true (guard_result)
>> -                      && !SCM_NILP (guard_result))
>> +                  if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (guard_result))
>>                      {
>>                        proc = SCM_CDDR (xx);
>>                        proc = EVALCAR (proc, env);
>> @@ -451,7 +450,7 @@ dispatch:
>>                        goto apply_proc;
>>                      }
>>                  }
>> -                  else if (scm_is_true (arg1) && !SCM_NILP (arg1))
>> +                  else if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (arg1))
>>                      {
>>                        x = SCM_CDR (clause);
>>                        if (scm_is_null (x))
>> @@ -498,7 +497,7 @@ dispatch:
>>  
>>              SCM test_result = EVALCAR (test_form, env);
>>  
>> -            while (scm_is_false (test_result) || SCM_NILP (test_result))
>> +            while (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (test_result))
>>                {
>>                  {
>>                    /* Evaluate body forms.  */
>> @@ -552,7 +551,7 @@ dispatch:
>>            {
>>              SCM test_result = EVALCAR (x, env);
>>              x = SCM_CDR (x);  /* then expression */
>> -            if (scm_is_false (test_result) || SCM_NILP (test_result))
>> +            if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (test_result))
>>                {
>>                  x = SCM_CDR (x);  /* else expression */
>>                  if (scm_is_null (x))
>> @@ -623,7 +622,7 @@ dispatch:
>>            while (!scm_is_null (SCM_CDR (x)))
>>              {
>>                SCM val = EVALCAR (x, env);
>> -              if (scm_is_true (val) && !SCM_NILP (val))
>> +              if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (val))
>>                  RETURN (val);
>>                else
>>                  x = SCM_CDR (x);
>>
>> diff --git a/libguile/vm-i-system.c b/libguile/vm-i-system.c
>> index d55d6e2..427a2fc 100644
>> --- a/libguile/vm-i-system.c
>> +++ b/libguile/vm-i-system.c
>> @@ -406,12 +406,12 @@ VM_DEFINE_INSTRUCTION (31, br, "br", 2, 0, 0)
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_INSTRUCTION (32, br_if, "br-if", 2, 0, 0)
>>  {
>> -  BR (!SCM_FALSEP (*sp));
>> +  BR (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (*sp));
>>  }
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_INSTRUCTION (33, br_if_not, "br-if-not", 2, 0, 0)
>>  {
>> -  BR (SCM_FALSEP (*sp));
>> +  BR (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (*sp));
>>  }
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_INSTRUCTION (34, br_if_eq, "br-if-eq", 2, 0, 0)
>> @@ -428,12 +428,12 @@ VM_DEFINE_INSTRUCTION (35, br_if_not_eq, 
>> "br-if-not-eq", 2, 0, 0)
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_INSTRUCTION (36, br_if_null, "br-if-null", 2, 0, 0)
>>  {
>> -  BR (SCM_NULLP (*sp));
>> +  BR (scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (*sp));
>>  }
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_INSTRUCTION (37, br_if_not_null, "br-if-not-null", 2, 0, 0)
>>  {
>> -  BR (!SCM_NULLP (*sp));
>> +  BR (!scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (*sp));
>>  }
>>  
>>  
>> diff --git a/libguile/vm-i-scheme.c b/libguile/vm-i-scheme.c
>> index 5de39a2..40781ff 100644
>> --- a/libguile/vm-i-scheme.c
>> +++ b/libguile/vm-i-scheme.c
>> @@ -32,13 +32,13 @@
>>  VM_DEFINE_FUNCTION (80, not, "not", 1)
>>  {
>>    ARGS1 (x);
>> -  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (SCM_FALSEP (x)));
>> +  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (x)));
>>  }
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_FUNCTION (81, not_not, "not-not", 1)
>>  {
>>    ARGS1 (x);
>> -  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (!SCM_FALSEP (x)));
>> +  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (!scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (x)));
>>  }
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_FUNCTION (82, eq, "eq?", 2)
>> @@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ VM_DEFINE_FUNCTION (83, not_eq, "not-eq?", 2)
>>  VM_DEFINE_FUNCTION (84, nullp, "null?", 1)
>>  {
>>    ARGS1 (x);
>> -  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (SCM_NULLP (x)));
>> +  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (x)));
>>  }
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_FUNCTION (85, not_nullp, "not-null?", 1)
>>  {
>>    ARGS1 (x);
>> -  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (!SCM_NULLP (x)));
>> +  RETURN (SCM_BOOL (!scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (x)));
>>  }
>>  
>>  VM_DEFINE_FUNCTION (86, eqv, "eqv?", 2)
>>
>> diff --git a/srfi/srfi-1.c b/srfi/srfi-1.c
>> index 02f46fc..268f1dc 100644
>> --- a/srfi/srfi-1.c
>> +++ b/srfi/srfi-1.c
>> @@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_break, "break", 2, 0, 0,
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>>      {
>>        SCM elem = SCM_CAR (lst);
>> -      if (scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>>          goto done;
>>  
>>        /* want this elem, tack it onto the end of ret */
>> @@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_break_x, "break!", 2, 0, 0,
>>    p = &lst;
>>    for (upto = lst; scm_is_pair (upto); upto = SCM_CDR (upto))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (upto))))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (upto))))
>>          goto done;
>>  
>>        /* want this element */
>> @@ -334,7 +334,8 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_count, "count", 2, 0, 1,
>>        SCM_ASSERT (pred_tramp, pred, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
>>  
>>        for ( ; scm_is_pair (list1); list1 = SCM_CDR (list1))
>> -        count += scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (list1)));
>> +        count += scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred,
>> +                                                       SCM_CAR (list1)));
>>  
>>        /* check below that list1 is a proper list, and done */
>>      end_list1:
>> @@ -361,8 +362,9 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_count, "count", 2, 0, 1,
>>                argnum = 3;
>>                break;
>>              }
>> -          count += scm_is_true (pred_tramp
>> -                            (pred, SCM_CAR (list1), SCM_CAR (list2)));
>> +          count += scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp
>> +                                             (pred, SCM_CAR (list1),
>> +                                              SCM_CAR (list2)));
>>            list1 = SCM_CDR (list1);
>>            list2 = SCM_CDR (list2);
>>          }
>> @@ -396,7 +398,8 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_count, "count", 2, 0, 1,
>>                SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_SET (vec, i, SCM_CDR (lst));  /* rest of 
>> lst */
>>              }
>>  
>> -          count += scm_is_true (scm_apply (pred, args, SCM_EOL));
>> +          count += scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (scm_apply (pred, args,
>> +                                                        SCM_EOL));
>>          }
>>      }
>>  
>> @@ -452,7 +455,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_delete, "delete", 2, 1, 0,
>>  
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_true (equal_p (pred, x, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_p (pred, x, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>>          {
>>            /* delete this element, so copy those at keeplst */
>>            p = list_copy_part (keeplst, count, p);
>> @@ -509,7 +512,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_delete_x, "delete!", 2, 1, 0,
>>         scm_is_pair (walk);
>>         walk = SCM_CDR (walk))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_true (equal_p (pred, x, SCM_CAR (walk))))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_p (pred, x, SCM_CAR (walk))))
>>      *prev = SCM_CDR (walk);
>>        else
>>      prev = SCM_CDRLOC (walk);
>> @@ -591,7 +594,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_delete_duplicates, 
>> "delete-duplicates", 1, 1, 0,
>>        /* look for item in "ret" list */
>>        for (l = ret; scm_is_pair (l); l = SCM_CDR (l))
>>          {
>> -          if (scm_is_true (equal_p (pred, SCM_CAR (l), item)))
>> +          if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_p (pred, SCM_CAR (l), 
>> item)))
>>              {
>>                /* "item" is a duplicate, so copy keeplst onto ret */
>>              duplicate:
>> @@ -608,7 +611,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_delete_duplicates, 
>> "delete-duplicates", 1, 1, 0,
>>        for (i = 0,       l = keeplst;
>>             i < count && scm_is_pair (l);
>>             i++,         l = SCM_CDR (l))
>> -        if (scm_is_true (equal_p (pred, SCM_CAR (l), item)))
>> +        if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_p (pred, SCM_CAR (l), 
>> item)))
>>            goto duplicate;
>>  
>>        /* keep this element */
>> @@ -684,7 +687,8 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_delete_duplicates_x, 
>> "delete-duplicates!", 1, 1, 0,
>>            l = ret;
>>            for (;;)
>>              {
>> -              if (scm_is_true (equal_p (pred, SCM_CAR (l), item)))
>> +              if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_p (pred, SCM_CAR (l),
>> +                                                     item)))
>>                  break;  /* equal, forget this element */
>>  
>>                if (scm_is_eq (l, endret))
>> @@ -770,7 +774,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_drop_while, "drop-while", 2, 0, 0,
>>    SCM_ASSERT (pred_tramp, pred, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
>>  
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>> -    if (scm_is_false (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>> +    if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>>        goto done;
>>  
>>    SCM_ASSERT_TYPE (SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P (lst), lst, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME, 
>> "list");
>> @@ -824,7 +828,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_filter_map, "filter-map", 2, 0, 1,
>>        for ( ; scm_is_pair (list1); list1 = SCM_CDR (list1))
>>          {
>>            elem = proc_tramp (proc, SCM_CAR (list1));
>> -          if (scm_is_true (elem))
>> +          if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (elem))
>>              {
>>                newcell = scm_cons (elem, SCM_EOL);
>>                *loc = newcell;
>> @@ -855,7 +859,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_filter_map, "filter-map", 2, 0, 1,
>>                goto check_lst_and_done;
>>              }
>>            elem = proc_tramp (proc, SCM_CAR (list1), SCM_CAR (list2));
>> -          if (scm_is_true (elem))
>> +          if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (elem))
>>              {
>>                newcell = scm_cons (elem, SCM_EOL);
>>                *loc = newcell;
>> @@ -895,7 +899,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_filter_map, "filter-map", 2, 0, 1,
>>              }
>>  
>>            elem = scm_apply (proc, args, SCM_EOL);
>> -          if (scm_is_true (elem))
>> +          if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (elem))
>>              {
>>                newcell = scm_cons (elem, SCM_EOL);
>>                *loc = newcell;
>> @@ -924,7 +928,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_find, "find", 2, 0, 0,
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>>      {
>>        SCM elem = SCM_CAR (lst);
>> -      if (scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>>          return elem;
>>      }
>>    SCM_ASSERT_TYPE (SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P (lst), lst, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME, 
>> "list");
>> @@ -945,7 +949,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_find_tail, "find-tail", 2, 0, 0,
>>    SCM_ASSERT (pred_tramp, pred, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
>>  
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>> -    if (scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>> +    if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>>        return lst;
>>    SCM_ASSERT_TYPE (SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P (lst), lst, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME, 
>> "list");
>>  
>> @@ -1121,7 +1125,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_list_index, "list-index", 2, 0, 
>> 1,
>>        SCM_ASSERT (pred_tramp, pred, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
>>  
>>        for ( ; scm_is_pair (list1); n++, list1 = SCM_CDR (list1))
>> -        if (scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (list1))))
>> +        if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR 
>> (list1))))
>>            return SCM_I_MAKINUM (n);
>>  
>>        /* not found, check below that list1 is a proper list */
>> @@ -1146,8 +1150,9 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_list_index, "list-index", 2, 0, 
>> 1,
>>                argnum = 3;
>>                break;
>>              }
>> -          if (scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred,
>> -                                       SCM_CAR (list1), SCM_CAR (list2))))
>> +          if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred,
>> +                                                    SCM_CAR (list1),
>> +                                                    SCM_CAR (list2))))
>>              return SCM_I_MAKINUM (n);
>>  
>>            list1 = SCM_CDR (list1);
>> @@ -1183,7 +1188,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_list_index, "list-index", 2, 0, 
>> 1,
>>                SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_SET (vec, i, SCM_CDR (lst));  /* rest of 
>> lst */
>>              }
>>  
>> -          if (scm_is_true (scm_apply (pred, args, SCM_EOL)))
>> +          if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (scm_apply (pred, args, 
>> SCM_EOL)))
>>              return SCM_I_MAKINUM (n);
>>          }
>>      }
>> @@ -1286,7 +1291,8 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_lset_adjoin, "lset-adjoin", 2, 
>> 0, 1,
>>        elem = SCM_CAR (rest);
>>  
>>        for (l = lst; scm_is_pair (l); l = SCM_CDR (l))
>> -        if (scm_is_true (equal_tramp (equal, SCM_CAR (l), elem)))
>> +        if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_tramp (equal, SCM_CAR (l),
>> +                                                   elem)))
>>            goto next_elem; /* elem already in lst, don't add */
>>  
>>        SCM_ASSERT_TYPE (SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P(l), lst, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME, 
>> "list");
>> @@ -1343,7 +1349,8 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_lset_difference_x, 
>> "lset-difference!", 2, 0, 1,
>>             r = SCM_CDR (r), argnum++)
>>          {
>>            for (b = SCM_CAR (r); scm_is_pair (b); b = SCM_CDR (b))
>> -            if (scm_is_true (equal_tramp (equal, elem, SCM_CAR (b))))
>> +            if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_tramp (equal, elem,
>> +                                                       SCM_CAR (b))))
>>                goto next_elem; /* equal to elem, so drop that elem */
>>  
>>            SCM_ASSERT_TYPE (SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P (b), b, argnum, 
>> FUNC_NAME,"list");
>> @@ -1385,7 +1392,7 @@ check_map_args (SCM argv,
>>        long elt_len;
>>        elt = SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_REF (argv, i);
>>  
>> -      if (!(scm_is_null (elt) || scm_is_pair (elt)))
>> +      if (!(scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (elt) || scm_is_pair (elt)))
>>      goto check_map_error;
>>      
>>        elt_len = srfi1_ilength (elt);
>> @@ -1430,7 +1437,8 @@ scm_srfi1_map (SCM proc, SCM arg1, SCM args)
>>    SCM *pres = &res;
>>  
>>    len = srfi1_ilength (arg1);
>> -  SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null (arg1) || scm_is_pair (arg1)) && len >= -1,
>> +  SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (arg1) ||
>> +             scm_is_pair (arg1)) && len >= -1,
>>              g_srfi1_map,
>>              scm_cons2 (proc, arg1, args), SCM_ARG2, s_srfi1_map);
>>    SCM_VALIDATE_REST_ARGUMENT (args);
>> @@ -1456,7 +1464,7 @@ scm_srfi1_map (SCM proc, SCM arg1, SCM args)
>>                  scm_cons2 (proc, arg1, args), SCM_ARG1, s_srfi1_map);
>>        if (len < 0 || (len2 >= 0 && len2 < len))
>>      len = len2;
>> -      SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null (arg2) || scm_is_pair (arg2))
>> +      SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (arg2) || scm_is_pair (arg2))
>>                  && len >= 0 && len2 >= -1,
>>                  g_srfi1_map,
>>                  scm_cons2 (proc, arg1, args),
>> @@ -1501,7 +1509,8 @@ scm_srfi1_for_each (SCM proc, SCM arg1, SCM args)
>>  {
>>    long i, len;
>>    len = srfi1_ilength (arg1);
>> -  SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null (arg1) || scm_is_pair (arg1)) && len >= -1,
>> +  SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (arg1) ||
>> +             scm_is_pair (arg1)) && len >= -1,
>>              g_srfi1_for_each, scm_cons2 (proc, arg1, args),
>>              SCM_ARG2, s_srfi1_for_each);
>>    SCM_VALIDATE_REST_ARGUMENT (args);
>> @@ -1528,7 +1537,7 @@ scm_srfi1_for_each (SCM proc, SCM arg1, SCM args)
>>                  scm_cons2 (proc, arg1, args), SCM_ARG1, s_srfi1_for_each);
>>        if (len < 0 || (len2 >= 0 && len2 < len))
>>      len = len2;
>> -      SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null (arg2) || scm_is_pair (arg2))
>> +      SCM_GASSERTn ((scm_is_null_or_lisp_nil (arg2) || scm_is_pair (arg2))
>>                  && len >= 0 && len2 >= -1,
>>                  g_srfi1_for_each,
>>                  scm_cons2 (proc, arg1, args),
>> @@ -1593,7 +1602,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_member, "member", 2, 1, 0,
>>      }
>>    for (; !SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_true (equal_p (pred, x, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_p (pred, x, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>>      return lst;
>>      }
>>    return SCM_BOOL_F;
>> @@ -1621,7 +1630,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_assoc, "assoc", 2, 1, 0,
>>        SCM tmp = SCM_CAR (ls);
>>        SCM_ASSERT_TYPE (scm_is_pair (tmp), alist, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME,
>>                     "association list");
>> -      if (scm_is_true (equal_p (pred, key, SCM_CAR (tmp))))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (equal_p (pred, key, SCM_CAR (tmp))))
>>      return tmp;
>>      }
>>    SCM_ASSERT_TYPE (SCM_NULL_OR_NIL_P (ls), alist, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME,
>> @@ -1685,7 +1694,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_partition, "partition", 2, 0, 0,
>>      elt = SCM_CAR (list);
>>      new_tail = scm_cons (SCM_CAR (list), SCM_EOL);
>>  
>> -    if (scm_is_true (call (pred, elt))) {
>> +    if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (call (pred, elt))) {
>>        SCM_SETCDR(kept_tail, new_tail);
>>        kept_tail = new_tail;
>>      }
>> @@ -1737,7 +1746,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_partition_x, "partition!", 2, 0, 
>> 0,
>>  
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_true (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>> +      if (scm_is_true_and_not_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (lst))))
>>          {
>>            *tp = lst;
>>            tp = SCM_CDRLOC (lst);
>> @@ -1906,7 +1915,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_remove, "remove", 2, 0, 0,
>>         scm_is_pair (walk);
>>         walk = SCM_CDR (walk))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_false (call (pred, SCM_CAR (walk))))
>> +      if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (call (pred, SCM_CAR (walk))))
>>      {
>>        *prev = scm_cons (SCM_CAR (walk), SCM_EOL);
>>        prev = SCM_CDRLOC (*prev);
>> @@ -1938,7 +1947,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_remove_x, "remove!", 2, 0, 0,
>>         scm_is_pair (walk);
>>         walk = SCM_CDR (walk))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_false (call (pred, SCM_CAR (walk))))
>> +      if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (call (pred, SCM_CAR (walk))))
>>      prev = SCM_CDRLOC (walk);
>>        else
>>      *prev = SCM_CDR (walk);
>> @@ -1987,7 +1996,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_span, "span", 2, 0, 0,
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>>      {
>>        SCM elem = SCM_CAR (lst);
>> -      if (scm_is_false (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>> +      if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>>          goto done;
>>  
>>        /* want this elem, tack it onto the end of ret */
>> @@ -2019,7 +2028,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_span_x, "span!", 2, 0, 0,
>>    p = &lst;
>>    for (upto = lst; scm_is_pair (upto); upto = SCM_CDR (upto))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_false (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (upto))))
>> +      if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (upto))))
>>          goto done;
>>  
>>        /* want this element */
>> @@ -2147,7 +2156,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_take_while, "take-while", 2, 0, 
>> 0,
>>    for ( ; scm_is_pair (lst); lst = SCM_CDR (lst))
>>      {
>>        SCM elem = SCM_CAR (lst);
>> -      if (scm_is_false (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>> +      if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, elem)))
>>          goto done;
>>  
>>        /* want this elem, tack it onto the end of ret */
>> @@ -2178,7 +2187,7 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_srfi1_take_while_x, "take-while!", 2, 
>> 0, 0,
>>    p = &lst;
>>    for (upto = lst; scm_is_pair (upto); upto = SCM_CDR (upto))
>>      {
>> -      if (scm_is_false (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (upto))))
>> +      if (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (pred_tramp (pred, SCM_CAR (upto))))
>>          goto done;
>>  
>>        /* want this element */
>>
>> diff --git a/libguile/discouraged.h b/libguile/discouraged.h
>> index 1be05f0..0411069 100644
>> --- a/libguile/discouraged.h
>> +++ b/libguile/discouraged.h
>> @@ -54,6 +54,9 @@
>>  
>>  /* SCM_BOOL_NOT returns the other boolean.  
>>   * The order of ^s here is important for Borland C++ (!?!?!)
>> + *
>> + * XXX Should this handle %nil properly, and thus be
>> + * defined as (scm_from_bool (scm_is_false_or_lisp_nil (x))) ?
>>   */
>>  #define SCM_BOOL_NOT(x)             (SCM_PACK (SCM_UNPACK (x) \
>>                                         ^ (SCM_UNPACK (SCM_BOOL_T) \
>> diff --git a/libguile/goops.c b/libguile/goops.c
>> index 1548472..b6234a6 100644
>> --- a/libguile/goops.c
>> +++ b/libguile/goops.c
>> @@ -190,11 +190,12 @@ SCM_DEFINE (scm_class_of, "class-of", 1, 0, 0,
>>        return scm_class_integer;
>>  
>>      case scm_tc3_imm24:
>> +      /* XXX What should be done with SCM_ELISP_NIL? */
>>        if (SCM_CHARP (x))
>>      return scm_class_char;
>> -      else if (scm_is_bool (x))
>> +      else if (scm_is_bool_and_not_lisp_nil (x))
>>          return scm_class_boolean;
>> -      else if (scm_is_null (x))
>> +      else if (scm_is_null_and_not_lisp_nil (x))
>>          return scm_class_null;
>>        else
>>          return scm_class_unknown;




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