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[SCM] gawk branch, feature/bool, updated. gawk-4.1.0-4282-g1f10523
|
From: |
Arnold Robbins |
|
Subject: |
[SCM] gawk branch, feature/bool, updated. gawk-4.1.0-4282-g1f10523 |
|
Date: |
Sun, 4 Apr 2021 15:10:42 -0400 (EDT) |
This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script. It was
generated because a ref change was pushed to the repository containing
the project "gawk".
The branch, feature/bool has been updated
via 1f10523de0fc469f0604f5642562f92da608311d (commit)
from a028ecdab76a663e0b12308e2cf9147f38dba6d2 (commit)
Those revisions listed above that are new to this repository have
not appeared on any other notification email; so we list those
revisions in full, below.
- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------
http://git.sv.gnu.org/cgit/gawk.git/commit/?id=1f10523de0fc469f0604f5642562f92da608311d
commit 1f10523de0fc469f0604f5642562f92da608311d
Author: Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
Date: Sun Apr 4 22:10:26 2021 +0300
Start documenting bool stuff.
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog b/doc/ChangeLog
index 696dafa..4659f15 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
2021-04-04 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
+ * gawktexi.in: Start documenting bool features.
+
+2021-04-04 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
+
* gawktexi.in: Update menues.
2021-03-31 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info
index 057f18d..9f3abe0 100644
--- a/doc/gawk.info
+++ b/doc/gawk.info
@@ -381,6 +381,8 @@ in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the
section entitled
* Arrays Summary:: Summary of arrays.
* Built-in:: Summarizes the built-in functions.
* Calling Built-in:: How to call built-in functions.
+* Boolean Functions:: A function that returns Boolean
+ values.
* Numeric Functions:: Functions that work with numbers,
including 'int()', 'sin()'
and 'rand()'.
@@ -488,6 +490,7 @@ in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the
section entitled
* Programs Summary:: Summary of programs.
* Programs Exercises:: Exercises.
* Nondecimal Data:: Allowing nondecimal input data.
+* Boolean Typed Values:: Values with 'bool' type.
* Array Sorting:: Facilities for controlling array
traversal and sorting arrays.
* Controlling Array Traversal:: How to use PROCINFO["sorted_in"].
@@ -12782,6 +12785,7 @@ your convenience.
* Menu:
* Calling Built-in:: How to call built-in functions.
+* Boolean Functions:: A function that returns Boolean values.
* Numeric Functions:: Functions that work with numbers, including
'int()', 'sin()' and 'rand()'.
* String Functions:: Functions for string manipulation, such as
@@ -12794,7 +12798,7 @@ your convenience.
* I18N Functions:: Functions for string translation.
-File: gawk.info, Node: Calling Built-in, Next: Numeric Functions, Up:
Built-in
+File: gawk.info, Node: Calling Built-in, Next: Boolean Functions, Up:
Built-in
9.1.1 Calling Built-in Functions
--------------------------------
@@ -12838,9 +12842,22 @@ six, and then 12, and 'atan2()' is called with the two
arguments six and
10, then 11, and 'atan2()' is called with the two arguments 11 and 10.
-File: gawk.info, Node: Numeric Functions, Next: String Functions, Prev:
Calling Built-in, Up: Built-in
+File: gawk.info, Node: Boolean Functions, Next: Numeric Functions, Prev:
Calling Built-in, Up: Built-in
-9.1.2 Numeric Functions
+9.1.2 Generating Boolean Values
+-------------------------------
+
+This functions is specific to 'gawk'. It is not available in
+compatibility mode (*note Options::):
+
+'bool(EXPRESSION)'
+
+ blah blah
+
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Numeric Functions, Next: String Functions, Prev:
Boolean Functions, Up: Built-in
+
+9.1.3 Numeric Functions
-----------------------
The following list describes all of the built-in functions that work
@@ -12964,7 +12981,7 @@ the same sequence of random numbers over and over again.
File: gawk.info, Node: String Functions, Next: I/O Functions, Prev: Numeric
Functions, Up: Built-in
-9.1.3 String-Manipulation Functions
+9.1.4 String-Manipulation Functions
-----------------------------------
The functions in this minor node look at or change the text of one or
@@ -13532,7 +13549,7 @@ number zero.
File: gawk.info, Node: Gory Details, Up: String Functions
-9.1.3.1 More about '\' and '&' with 'sub()', 'gsub()', and 'gensub()'
+9.1.4.1 More about '\' and '&' with 'sub()', 'gsub()', and 'gensub()'
.....................................................................
CAUTION: This subsubsection has been reported to cause headaches.
@@ -13678,7 +13695,7 @@ POSIX rules.
File: gawk.info, Node: I/O Functions, Next: Time Functions, Prev: String
Functions, Up: Built-in
-9.1.4 Input/Output Functions
+9.1.5 Input/Output Functions
----------------------------
The following functions relate to input/output (I/O). Optional
@@ -13895,7 +13912,7 @@ the way this was done was probably a mistake.
File: gawk.info, Node: Time Functions, Next: Bitwise Functions, Prev: I/O
Functions, Up: Built-in
-9.1.5 Time Functions
+9.1.6 Time Functions
--------------------
'awk' programs are commonly used to process log files containing
@@ -14212,7 +14229,7 @@ does not appear in the returned string or appears
literally.
File: gawk.info, Node: Bitwise Functions, Next: Type Functions, Prev: Time
Functions, Up: Built-in
-9.1.6 Bit-Manipulation Functions
+9.1.7 Bit-Manipulation Functions
--------------------------------
I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you.
@@ -14394,7 +14411,7 @@ that range are reduced to fit within the range.
File: gawk.info, Node: Type Functions, Next: I18N Functions, Prev: Bitwise
Functions, Up: Built-in
-9.1.7 Getting Type Information
+9.1.8 Getting Type Information
------------------------------
'gawk' provides two functions that let you distinguish the type of a
@@ -14479,7 +14496,7 @@ arguments from untyped to unassigned.
File: gawk.info, Node: I18N Functions, Prev: Type Functions, Up: Built-in
-9.1.8 String-Translation Functions
+9.1.9 String-Translation Functions
----------------------------------
'gawk' provides facilities for internationalizing 'awk' programs. These
@@ -15158,7 +15175,7 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Indirect Calls, Next:
Functions Summary, Prev: User-de
9.3 Indirect Function Calls
===========================
-This section describes an advanced, 'gawk'-specific extension.
+This minor node describes an advanced, 'gawk'-specific extension.
Often, you may wish to defer the choice of function to call until
runtime. For example, you may have different kinds of records, each of
@@ -20873,6 +20890,7 @@ their own:
* Menu:
* Nondecimal Data:: Allowing nondecimal input data.
+* Boolean Typed Values:: Values with 'bool' type.
* Array Sorting:: Facilities for controlling array traversal and
sorting arrays.
* Two-way I/O:: Two-way communications with another process.
@@ -20882,7 +20900,7 @@ their own:
* Advanced Features Summary:: Summary of advanced features.
-File: gawk.info, Node: Nondecimal Data, Next: Array Sorting, Up: Advanced
Features
+File: gawk.info, Node: Nondecimal Data, Next: Boolean Typed Values, Up:
Advanced Features
12.1 Allowing Nondecimal Input Data
===================================
@@ -20925,9 +20943,48 @@ request it.
This option may disappear in a future version of 'gawk'.
-File: gawk.info, Node: Array Sorting, Next: Two-way I/O, Prev: Nondecimal
Data, Up: Advanced Features
+File: gawk.info, Node: Boolean Typed Values, Next: Array Sorting, Prev:
Nondecimal Data, Up: Advanced Features
+
+12.2 Boolean Typed Values
+=========================
+
+This minor node describes an advanced, 'gawk'-specific extension.
+
+ Scalar values in 'awk' are either numbers or strings. 'gawk' also
+supports values of type 'regexp' (FIXME pxref).
+
+ As seen in FIXME @ref{} here, Boolean values in 'awk' don't have a
+separate type: a value counts as "true" if it is nonzero or non-null,
+and as "false" otherwise.
+
+ When interchanging data with languages that do have a real Boolean
+type, using a standard format such as JSON or XML, the lack of a true
+Boolean type in 'awk' is problematic. (FIXME: xref to gawkextlib json
+extension)
+
+ It's easy to import Boolean data into 'awk', but then the fact that
+it was originally Boolean is lost. Exporting data is even harder;
+there's no way to indicate that a value is really Boolean.
+
+ To solve this problem, 'gawk' provides a function named 'bool()'. It
+takes one argument, which is any 'awk' expression, and it returns a
+value of Boolean type.
+
+ The returned values are different than normal 'awk' values. When
+treated as numbers, they are either one or zero, depending upon the
+truth value of the expression passed in the call. When treated as
+strings, they are either '"TRUE"' or '"FALSE"', again depending upon the
+truth value of the expression passed in the call. The value for "false"
+is thus unusual; it is zero numerically, but not empty when treated as a
+string.
+
+ The 'typeof()' function (FIXME pxref here) returns '"bool"' for these
+values.
+
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Array Sorting, Next: Two-way I/O, Prev: Boolean
Typed Values, Up: Advanced Features
-12.2 Controlling Array Traversal and Array Sorting
+12.3 Controlling Array Traversal and Array Sorting
==================================================
'gawk' lets you control the order in which a 'for (INDX in ARRAY)' loop
@@ -20946,7 +21003,7 @@ to order the elements during sorting.
File: gawk.info, Node: Controlling Array Traversal, Next: Array Sorting
Functions, Up: Array Sorting
-12.2.1 Controlling Array Traversal
+12.3.1 Controlling Array Traversal
----------------------------------
By default, the order in which a 'for (INDX in ARRAY)' loop scans an
@@ -21185,7 +21242,7 @@ character, which cannot be part of an identifier.
File: gawk.info, Node: Array Sorting Functions, Prev: Controlling Array
Traversal, Up: Array Sorting
-12.2.2 Sorting Array Values and Indices with 'gawk'
+12.3.2 Sorting Array Values and Indices with 'gawk'
---------------------------------------------------
In most 'awk' implementations, sorting an array requires writing a
@@ -21325,7 +21382,7 @@ POSIX-compatibility mode, and because 'asort()' and
'asorti()' are
File: gawk.info, Node: Two-way I/O, Next: TCP/IP Networking, Prev: Array
Sorting, Up: Advanced Features
-12.3 Two-Way Communications with Another Process
+12.4 Two-Way Communications with Another Process
================================================
It is often useful to be able to send data to a separate program for
@@ -21520,7 +21577,7 @@ in Bash.
File: gawk.info, Node: TCP/IP Networking, Next: Profiling, Prev: Two-way
I/O, Up: Advanced Features
-12.4 Using 'gawk' for Network Programming
+12.5 Using 'gawk' for Network Programming
=========================================
'EMRED':
@@ -21600,7 +21657,7 @@ complete introduction and discussion, as well as
extensive examples.
File: gawk.info, Node: Profiling, Next: Extension Philosophy, Prev: TCP/IP
Networking, Up: Advanced Features
-12.5 Profiling Your 'awk' Programs
+12.6 Profiling Your 'awk' Programs
==================================
You may produce execution traces of your 'awk' programs. This is done
@@ -21862,7 +21919,7 @@ source code, it will appear that way in the output.
File: gawk.info, Node: Extension Philosophy, Next: Advanced Features
Summary, Prev: Profiling, Up: Advanced Features
-12.6 Builtin Features versus Extensions
+12.7 Builtin Features versus Extensions
=======================================
As this and subsequent major nodes show, 'gawk' has a large number of
@@ -21898,7 +21955,7 @@ or need.
File: gawk.info, Node: Advanced Features Summary, Prev: Extension
Philosophy, Up: Advanced Features
-12.7 Summary
+12.8 Summary
============
* The '--non-decimal-data' option causes 'gawk' to treat octal- and
@@ -35317,8 +35374,10 @@ Index
* bitwise, XOR: Bitwise Functions. (line 57)
* body, in actions: Statements. (line 10)
* body, in loops: While Statement. (line 14)
+* bool: Boolean Functions. (line 10)
* Boolean expressions: Boolean Ops. (line 6)
* Boolean expressions, as patterns: Expression Patterns. (line 39)
+* boolean function: Boolean Functions. (line 6)
* Bourne shell, quoting rules for: Quoting. (line 18)
* braces ({}), regexp operator: Regexp Operator Details.
(line 118)
@@ -38125,604 +38184,606 @@ Index
Tag Table:
Node: Top1200
-Node: Foreword344859
-Node: Foreword449301
-Node: Preface50833
-Ref: Preface-Footnote-153692
-Ref: Preface-Footnote-253801
-Ref: Preface-Footnote-354035
-Node: History54177
-Node: Names56529
-Ref: Names-Footnote-157633
-Node: This Manual57780
-Ref: This Manual-Footnote-164419
-Node: Conventions64519
-Node: Manual History66888
-Ref: Manual History-Footnote-169885
-Ref: Manual History-Footnote-269926
-Node: How To Contribute70000
-Node: Acknowledgments70926
-Node: Getting Started75863
-Node: Running gawk78302
-Node: One-shot79492
-Node: Read Terminal80755
-Node: Long82748
-Node: Executable Scripts84261
-Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-186894
-Node: Comments86997
-Node: Quoting89481
-Node: DOS Quoting95007
-Node: Sample Data Files97063
-Node: Very Simple99658
-Node: Two Rules105760
-Node: More Complex107645
-Node: Statements/Lines109977
-Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-1114461
-Node: Other Features114726
-Node: When115662
-Ref: When-Footnote-1117416
-Node: Intro Summary117481
-Node: Invoking Gawk118365
-Node: Command Line119879
-Node: Options120677
-Ref: Options-Footnote-1138591
-Ref: Options-Footnote-2138822
-Node: Other Arguments138847
-Node: Naming Standard Input142858
-Node: Environment Variables144068
-Node: AWKPATH Variable144626
-Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1148038
-Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2148072
-Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable148443
-Ref: AWKLIBPATH Variable-Footnote-1150140
-Node: Other Environment Variables150515
-Node: Exit Status154467
-Node: Include Files155144
-Node: Loading Shared Libraries158834
-Node: Obsolete160262
-Node: Undocumented160954
-Node: Invoking Summary161251
-Node: Regexp164092
-Node: Regexp Usage165546
-Node: Escape Sequences167583
-Node: Regexp Operators173824
-Node: Regexp Operator Details174309
-Ref: Regexp Operator Details-Footnote-1181673
-Node: Interval Expressions181820
-Ref: Interval Expressions-Footnote-1183241
-Node: Bracket Expressions183339
-Ref: table-char-classes185815
-Node: Leftmost Longest189141
-Node: Computed Regexps190444
-Node: GNU Regexp Operators193871
-Node: Case-sensitivity197608
-Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1200474
-Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2200709
-Node: Regexp Summary200817
-Node: Reading Files202283
-Node: Records204552
-Node: awk split records205627
-Node: gawk split records210327
-Ref: gawk split records-Footnote-1215401
-Node: Fields215438
-Node: Nonconstant Fields218179
-Ref: Nonconstant Fields-Footnote-1220415
-Node: Changing Fields220619
-Node: Field Separators226650
-Node: Default Field Splitting229348
-Node: Regexp Field Splitting230466
-Node: Single Character Fields234143
-Node: Command Line Field Separator235203
-Node: Full Line Fields238421
-Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-1239943
-Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-2239989
-Node: Field Splitting Summary240090
-Node: Constant Size242164
-Node: Fixed width data242896
-Node: Skipping intervening246363
-Node: Allowing trailing data247161
-Node: Fields with fixed data248198
-Node: Splitting By Content249716
-Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1253499
-Node: More CSV253662
-Node: Testing field creation255254
-Node: Multiple Line256879
-Node: Getline263156
-Node: Plain Getline265625
-Node: Getline/Variable268198
-Node: Getline/File269349
-Node: Getline/Variable/File270737
-Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1272342
-Node: Getline/Pipe272430
-Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe275134
-Node: Getline/Coprocess276269
-Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess277536
-Node: Getline Notes278278
-Node: Getline Summary281075
-Ref: table-getline-variants281499
-Node: Read Timeout282247
-Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1286153
-Node: Retrying Input286211
-Node: Command-line directories287410
-Node: Input Summary288316
-Node: Input Exercises291488
-Node: Printing291922
-Node: Print293756
-Node: Print Examples295213
-Node: Output Separators297993
-Node: OFMT300010
-Node: Printf301366
-Node: Basic Printf302151
-Node: Control Letters303725
-Node: Format Modifiers308887
-Node: Printf Examples314902
-Node: Redirection317388
-Node: Special FD324229
-Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1327397
-Node: Special Files327471
-Node: Other Inherited Files328088
-Node: Special Network329089
-Node: Special Caveats329949
-Node: Close Files And Pipes330898
-Ref: table-close-pipe-return-values337805
-Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1338618
-Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2338766
-Node: Nonfatal338918
-Node: Output Summary341256
-Node: Output Exercises342478
-Node: Expressions343157
-Node: Values344345
-Node: Constants345023
-Node: Scalar Constants345714
-Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1348224
-Node: Nondecimal-numbers348474
-Node: Regexp Constants351475
-Node: Using Constant Regexps352001
-Node: Standard Regexp Constants352623
-Node: Strong Regexp Constants355811
-Node: Variables358823
-Node: Using Variables359480
-Node: Assignment Options361390
-Node: Conversion363861
-Node: Strings And Numbers364385
-Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1367448
-Node: Locale influences conversions367557
-Ref: table-locale-affects370315
-Node: All Operators370933
-Node: Arithmetic Ops371562
-Node: Concatenation374278
-Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1377125
-Node: Assignment Ops377232
-Ref: table-assign-ops382223
-Node: Increment Ops383536
-Node: Truth Values and Conditions386996
-Node: Truth Values388070
-Node: Typing and Comparison389118
-Node: Variable Typing389938
-Ref: Variable Typing-Footnote-1396401
-Ref: Variable Typing-Footnote-2396473
-Node: Comparison Operators396550
-Ref: table-relational-ops396969
-Node: POSIX String Comparison400464
-Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1402159
-Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-2402298
-Node: Boolean Ops402382
-Ref: Boolean Ops-Footnote-1406864
-Node: Conditional Exp406956
-Node: Function Calls408692
-Node: Precedence412569
-Node: Locales416228
-Node: Expressions Summary417860
-Node: Patterns and Actions420433
-Node: Pattern Overview421553
-Node: Regexp Patterns423230
-Node: Expression Patterns423772
-Node: Ranges427553
-Node: BEGIN/END430661
-Node: Using BEGIN/END431422
-Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1434176
-Node: I/O And BEGIN/END434282
-Node: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE436595
-Node: Empty439826
-Node: Using Shell Variables440143
-Node: Action Overview442417
-Node: Statements444742
-Node: If Statement446590
-Node: While Statement448085
-Node: Do Statement450113
-Node: For Statement451261
-Node: Switch Statement454432
-Node: Break Statement456873
-Node: Continue Statement458965
-Node: Next Statement460792
-Node: Nextfile Statement463175
-Node: Exit Statement465864
-Node: Built-in Variables468267
-Node: User-modified469400
-Node: Auto-set477167
-Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1493974
-Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2494180
-Node: ARGC and ARGV494236
-Node: Pattern Action Summary498449
-Node: Arrays500879
-Node: Array Basics502208
-Node: Array Intro503052
-Ref: figure-array-elements505027
-Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1507731
-Node: Reference to Elements507859
-Node: Assigning Elements510323
-Node: Array Example510814
-Node: Scanning an Array512573
-Node: Controlling Scanning515595
-Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1522051
-Node: Numeric Array Subscripts522367
-Node: Uninitialized Subscripts524551
-Node: Delete526170
-Ref: Delete-Footnote-1528922
-Node: Multidimensional528979
-Node: Multiscanning532074
-Node: Arrays of Arrays533665
-Node: Arrays Summary538433
-Node: Functions540526
-Node: Built-in541564
-Node: Calling Built-in542645
-Node: Numeric Functions544641
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1548667
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2549315
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3549363
-Node: String Functions549635
-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1573776
-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2573904
-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3574152
-Node: Gory Details574239
-Ref: table-sub-escapes576030
-Ref: table-sub-proposed577549
-Ref: table-posix-sub578912
-Ref: table-gensub-escapes580453
-Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1581276
-Node: I/O Functions581430
-Ref: table-system-return-values587884
-Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1589964
-Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-2590112
-Node: Time Functions590232
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1600903
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2600971
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3601129
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4601240
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5601352
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6601579
-Node: Bitwise Functions601845
-Ref: table-bitwise-ops602439
-Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1608502
-Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-2608675
-Node: Type Functions608866
-Node: I18N Functions611729
-Node: User-defined613380
-Node: Definition Syntax614192
-Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1619886
-Node: Function Example619957
-Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1622879
-Node: Function Calling622901
-Node: Calling A Function623489
-Node: Variable Scope624447
-Node: Pass By Value/Reference627441
-Node: Function Caveats630085
-Ref: Function Caveats-Footnote-1632132
-Node: Return Statement632252
-Node: Dynamic Typing635231
-Node: Indirect Calls636161
-Ref: Indirect Calls-Footnote-1646413
-Node: Functions Summary646541
-Node: Library Functions649246
-Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1652853
-Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2652996
-Node: Library Names653167
-Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1656834
-Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2657057
-Node: General Functions657143
-Node: Strtonum Function658246
-Node: Assert Function661268
-Node: Round Function664594
-Node: Cliff Random Function666134
-Node: Ordinal Functions667150
-Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1670213
-Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2670465
-Node: Join Function670675
-Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1672445
-Node: Getlocaltime Function672645
-Node: Readfile Function676387
-Node: Shell Quoting678364
-Node: Data File Management679765
-Node: Filetrans Function680397
-Node: Rewind Function684493
-Node: File Checking686402
-Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1687736
-Node: Empty Files687937
-Node: Ignoring Assigns689916
-Node: Getopt Function691466
-Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1706677
-Node: Passwd Functions706877
-Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1715716
-Node: Group Functions715804
-Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1723702
-Node: Walking Arrays723909
-Node: Library Functions Summary726917
-Node: Library Exercises728323
-Node: Sample Programs728788
-Node: Running Examples729558
-Node: Clones730286
-Node: Cut Program731510
-Node: Egrep Program741650
-Node: Id Program750651
-Node: Split Program760598
-Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1770488
-Node: Tee Program770661
-Node: Uniq Program773451
-Node: Wc Program781039
-Node: Bytes vs. Characters781426
-Node: Using extensions782974
-Node: wc program783728
-Node: Miscellaneous Programs788593
-Node: Dupword Program789806
-Node: Alarm Program791836
-Node: Translate Program796691
-Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1801256
-Node: Labels Program801526
-Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1804877
-Node: Word Sorting804961
-Node: History Sorting809033
-Node: Extract Program811258
-Node: Simple Sed819312
-Node: Igawk Program822386
-Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1836717
-Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2836919
-Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3837041
-Node: Anagram Program837156
-Node: Signature Program840218
-Node: Programs Summary841465
-Node: Programs Exercises842679
-Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1846809
-Node: Advanced Features846895
-Node: Nondecimal Data848962
-Node: Array Sorting850553
-Node: Controlling Array Traversal851253
-Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1859621
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+Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems1010753
+Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-11015038
+Node: Floating point summary1015076
+Node: Dynamic Extensions1017266
+Node: Extension Intro1018819
+Node: Plugin License1020085
+Node: Extension Mechanism Outline1020882
+Ref: figure-load-extension1021321
+Ref: figure-register-new-function1022886
+Ref: figure-call-new-function1023978
+Node: Extension API Description1026040
+Node: Extension API Functions Introduction1027753
+Ref: table-api-std-headers1029589
+Node: General Data Types1033838
+Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-11042544
+Node: Memory Allocation Functions1042843
+Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-11047344
+Node: Constructor Functions1047443
+Node: API Ownership of MPFR and GMP Values1051096
+Node: Registration Functions1052409
+Node: Extension Functions1053109
+Node: Exit Callback Functions1058431
+Node: Extension Version String1059681
+Node: Input Parsers1060344
+Node: Output Wrappers1073065
+Node: Two-way processors1077577
+Node: Printing Messages1079842
+Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-11081013
+Node: Updating ERRNO1081166
+Node: Requesting Values1081905
+Ref: table-value-types-returned1082642
+Node: Accessing Parameters1083750
+Node: Symbol Table Access1084987
+Node: Symbol table by name1085499
+Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11088523
+Node: Symbol table by cookie1088651
+Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11092836
+Node: Cached values1092900
+Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11096436
+Node: Array Manipulation1096589
+Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-11097680
+Node: Array Data Types1097717
+Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-11100375
+Node: Array Functions1100467
+Node: Flattening Arrays1104965
+Node: Creating Arrays1111941
+Node: Redirection API1116708
+Node: Extension API Variables1119541
+Node: Extension Versioning1120252
+Ref: gawk-api-version1120681
+Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1122412
+Node: Extension API Informational Variables1124040
+Node: Extension API Boilerplate1125113
+Node: Changes from API V11129087
+Node: Finding Extensions1130659
+Node: Extension Example1131218
+Node: Internal File Description1132016
+Node: Internal File Ops1136096
+Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11147446
+Node: Using Internal File Ops1147586
+Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11149969
+Node: Extension Samples1150243
+Node: Extension Sample File Functions1151772
+Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1159421
+Node: Extension Sample Fork1160908
+Node: Extension Sample Inplace1162126
+Node: Extension Sample Ord1165752
+Node: Extension Sample Readdir1166588
+Ref: table-readdir-file-types1167477
+Node: Extension Sample Revout1168544
+Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1169133
+Node: Extension Sample Read write array1169873
+Node: Extension Sample Readfile1171815
+Node: Extension Sample Time1172910
+Node: Extension Sample API Tests1174662
+Node: gawkextlib1175154
+Node: Extension summary1178072
+Node: Extension Exercises1181774
+Node: Language History1183016
+Node: V7/SVR3.11184672
+Node: SVR41186824
+Node: POSIX1188258
+Node: BTL1189639
+Node: POSIX/GNU1190368
+Node: Feature History1196146
+Node: Common Extensions1212465
+Node: Ranges and Locales1213748
+Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11218364
+Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21218391
+Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31218626
+Node: Contributors1218849
+Node: History summary1224846
+Node: Installation1226226
+Node: Gawk Distribution1227170
+Node: Getting1227654
+Node: Extracting1228617
+Node: Distribution contents1230255
+Node: Unix Installation1236735
+Node: Quick Installation1237417
+Node: Shell Startup Files1239831
+Node: Additional Configuration Options1240920
+Node: Configuration Philosophy1243235
+Node: Non-Unix Installation1245604
+Node: PC Installation1246064
+Node: PC Binary Installation1246902
+Node: PC Compiling1247337
+Node: PC Using1248454
+Node: Cygwin1252007
+Node: MSYS1253231
+Node: VMS Installation1253833
+Node: VMS Compilation1254624
+Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11255853
+Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1255911
+Node: VMS Installation Details1257596
+Node: VMS Running1259849
+Node: VMS GNV1264128
+Node: VMS Old Gawk1264863
+Node: Bugs1265334
+Node: Bug address1265997
+Node: Usenet1268979
+Node: Maintainers1269983
+Node: Other Versions1271168
+Node: Installation summary1279033
+Node: Notes1280242
+Node: Compatibility Mode1281036
+Node: Additions1281818
+Node: Accessing The Source1282743
+Node: Adding Code1284180
+Node: New Ports1290399
+Node: Derived Files1294774
+Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11300434
+Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21300469
+Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31301067
+Node: Future Extensions1301181
+Node: Implementation Limitations1301839
+Node: Extension Design1303049
+Node: Old Extension Problems1304193
+Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11305711
+Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1305768
+Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11309132
+Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1309321
+Node: Extension Future Growth1311434
+Node: Notes summary1312040
+Node: Basic Concepts1313198
+Node: Basic High Level1313879
+Ref: figure-general-flow1314161
+Ref: figure-process-flow1314846
+Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11318147
+Node: Basic Data Typing1318332
+Node: Glossary1321660
+Node: Copying1353545
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License1391088
+Node: Index1416208
End Tag Table
diff --git a/doc/gawk.texi b/doc/gawk.texi
index 88b0a2c..280b316 100644
--- a/doc/gawk.texi
+++ b/doc/gawk.texi
@@ -754,6 +754,8 @@ particular records in a file and perform operations upon
them.
* Arrays Summary:: Summary of arrays.
* Built-in:: Summarizes the built-in functions.
* Calling Built-in:: How to call built-in functions.
+* Boolean Functions:: A function that returns Boolean
+ values.
* Numeric Functions:: Functions that work with numbers,
including @code{int()}, @code{sin()}
and @code{rand()}.
@@ -861,6 +863,7 @@ particular records in a file and perform operations upon
them.
* Programs Summary:: Summary of programs.
* Programs Exercises:: Exercises.
* Nondecimal Data:: Allowing nondecimal input data.
+* Boolean Typed Values:: Values with @code{bool} type.
* Array Sorting:: Facilities for controlling array
traversal and sorting arrays.
* Controlling Array Traversal:: How to use PROCINFO["sorted_in"].
@@ -18307,6 +18310,7 @@ but are summarized here for your convenience.
@menu
* Calling Built-in:: How to call built-in functions.
+* Boolean Functions:: A function that returns Boolean values.
* Numeric Functions:: Functions that work with numbers, including
@code{int()}, @code{sin()} and @code{rand()}.
* String Functions:: Functions for string manipulation, such as
@@ -18376,6 +18380,22 @@ and 12. But if the order of evaluation is right to
left, @code{i}
first becomes 10, then 11, and @code{atan2()} is called with the
two arguments 11 and 10.
+
+@node Boolean Functions
+@subsection Generating Boolean Values
+@cindex boolean function
+
+This functions is specific to @command{gawk}. It is not
+available in compatibility mode (@pxref{Options}):
+
+@c @asis for docbook
+@table @asis
+@item @code{bool(@var{expression})}
+@cindexgawkfunc{bool}
+
+blah blah
+@end table
+
@node Numeric Functions
@subsection Numeric Functions
@cindex numeric @subentry functions
@@ -21776,7 +21796,7 @@ being aware of them.
@cindex pointers to functions
@cindex differences in @command{awk} and @command{gawk} @subentry indirect
function calls
-This section describes an advanced, @command{gawk}-specific extension.
+This @value{SECTION} describes an advanced, @command{gawk}-specific extension.
Often, you may wish to defer the choice of function to call until runtime.
For example, you may have different kinds of records, each of which
@@ -29385,6 +29405,7 @@ discusses the ability to dynamically add new built-in
functions to
@menu
* Nondecimal Data:: Allowing nondecimal input data.
+* Boolean Typed Values:: Values with @code{bool} type.
* Array Sorting:: Facilities for controlling array traversal and
sorting arrays.
* Two-way I/O:: Two-way communications with another process.
@@ -29451,6 +29472,42 @@ leads to less surprising results.
This option may disappear in a future version of @command{gawk}.
@end quotation
+@node Boolean Typed Values
+@section Boolean Typed Values
+
+This @value{SECTION} describes an advanced, @command{gawk}-specific extension.
+
+Scalar values in @command{awk} are either numbers or strings.
+@command{gawk} also supports values of type @code{regexp} (FIXME pxref).
+
+As seen in FIXME @@ref@{@} here, Boolean values in @command{awk} don't have a
separate
+type: a value counts as ``true'' if it is nonzero or non-null, and as
+``false'' otherwise.
+
+When interchanging data with languages that do have a real Boolean type,
+using a standard format such as JSON or XML, the lack of a true Boolean
+type in @command{awk} is problematic. (FIXME: xref to gawkextlib json
+extension)
+
+It's easy to import Boolean data into @command{awk}, but then the fact
+that it was originally Boolean is lost. Exporting data is even harder;
+there's no way to indicate that a value is really Boolean.
+
+To solve this problem, @command{gawk} provides a function named @code{bool()}.
+It takes one argument, which is any @command{awk} expression, and it
+returns a value of Boolean type.
+
+The returned values are different than
+normal @command{awk} values. When treated as numbers, they are either
+one or zero, depending upon the truth value of the expression passed
+in the call. When treated as strings, they are either @code{"TRUE"}
+or @code{"FALSE"}, again depending upon the truth value of the expression
passed
+in the call. The value for ``false'' is thus unusual; it is zero numerically,
+but not empty when treated as a string.
+
+The @code{typeof()} function (FIXME pxref here) returns @code{"bool"}
+for these values.
+
@node Array Sorting
@section Controlling Array Traversal and Array Sorting
diff --git a/doc/gawktexi.in b/doc/gawktexi.in
index 598d6a1..6937cec 100644
--- a/doc/gawktexi.in
+++ b/doc/gawktexi.in
@@ -749,6 +749,8 @@ particular records in a file and perform operations upon
them.
* Arrays Summary:: Summary of arrays.
* Built-in:: Summarizes the built-in functions.
* Calling Built-in:: How to call built-in functions.
+* Boolean Functions:: A function that returns Boolean
+ values.
* Numeric Functions:: Functions that work with numbers,
including @code{int()}, @code{sin()}
and @code{rand()}.
@@ -856,6 +858,7 @@ particular records in a file and perform operations upon
them.
* Programs Summary:: Summary of programs.
* Programs Exercises:: Exercises.
* Nondecimal Data:: Allowing nondecimal input data.
+* Boolean Typed Values:: Values with @code{bool} type.
* Array Sorting:: Facilities for controlling array
traversal and sorting arrays.
* Controlling Array Traversal:: How to use PROCINFO["sorted_in"].
@@ -17448,6 +17451,7 @@ but are summarized here for your convenience.
@menu
* Calling Built-in:: How to call built-in functions.
+* Boolean Functions:: A function that returns Boolean values.
* Numeric Functions:: Functions that work with numbers, including
@code{int()}, @code{sin()} and @code{rand()}.
* String Functions:: Functions for string manipulation, such as
@@ -17517,6 +17521,22 @@ and 12. But if the order of evaluation is right to
left, @code{i}
first becomes 10, then 11, and @code{atan2()} is called with the
two arguments 11 and 10.
+
+@node Boolean Functions
+@subsection Generating Boolean Values
+@cindex boolean function
+
+This functions is specific to @command{gawk}. It is not
+available in compatibility mode (@pxref{Options}):
+
+@c @asis for docbook
+@table @asis
+@item @code{bool(@var{expression})}
+@cindexgawkfunc{bool}
+
+blah blah
+@end table
+
@node Numeric Functions
@subsection Numeric Functions
@cindex numeric @subentry functions
@@ -20688,7 +20708,7 @@ being aware of them.
@cindex pointers to functions
@cindex differences in @command{awk} and @command{gawk} @subentry indirect
function calls
-This section describes an advanced, @command{gawk}-specific extension.
+This @value{SECTION} describes an advanced, @command{gawk}-specific extension.
Often, you may wish to defer the choice of function to call until runtime.
For example, you may have different kinds of records, each of which
@@ -28267,6 +28287,7 @@ discusses the ability to dynamically add new built-in
functions to
@menu
* Nondecimal Data:: Allowing nondecimal input data.
+* Boolean Typed Values:: Values with @code{bool} type.
* Array Sorting:: Facilities for controlling array traversal and
sorting arrays.
* Two-way I/O:: Two-way communications with another process.
@@ -28333,6 +28354,42 @@ leads to less surprising results.
This option may disappear in a future version of @command{gawk}.
@end quotation
+@node Boolean Typed Values
+@section Boolean Typed Values
+
+This @value{SECTION} describes an advanced, @command{gawk}-specific extension.
+
+Scalar values in @command{awk} are either numbers or strings.
+@command{gawk} also supports values of type @code{regexp} (FIXME pxref).
+
+As seen in FIXME @@ref@{@} here, Boolean values in @command{awk} don't have a
separate
+type: a value counts as ``true'' if it is nonzero or non-null, and as
+``false'' otherwise.
+
+When interchanging data with languages that do have a real Boolean type,
+using a standard format such as JSON or XML, the lack of a true Boolean
+type in @command{awk} is problematic. (FIXME: xref to gawkextlib json
+extension)
+
+It's easy to import Boolean data into @command{awk}, but then the fact
+that it was originally Boolean is lost. Exporting data is even harder;
+there's no way to indicate that a value is really Boolean.
+
+To solve this problem, @command{gawk} provides a function named @code{bool()}.
+It takes one argument, which is any @command{awk} expression, and it
+returns a value of Boolean type.
+
+The returned values are different than
+normal @command{awk} values. When treated as numbers, they are either
+one or zero, depending upon the truth value of the expression passed
+in the call. When treated as strings, they are either @code{"TRUE"}
+or @code{"FALSE"}, again depending upon the truth value of the expression
passed
+in the call. The value for ``false'' is thus unusual; it is zero numerically,
+but not empty when treated as a string.
+
+The @code{typeof()} function (FIXME pxref here) returns @code{"bool"}
+for these values.
+
@node Array Sorting
@section Controlling Array Traversal and Array Sorting
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of changes:
doc/ChangeLog | 4 +
doc/gawk.info | 1299 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------
doc/gawk.texi | 59 ++-
doc/gawktexi.in | 59 ++-
4 files changed, 800 insertions(+), 621 deletions(-)
hooks/post-receive
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