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[Findutils-patches] [PATCH] Removed trailing whitespace
From: |
James Youngman |
Subject: |
[Findutils-patches] [PATCH] Removed trailing whitespace |
Date: |
Sat, 17 May 2008 20:54:14 +0100 |
Signed-off-by: James Youngman <address@hidden>
---
Just trailing whitespace removal.
doc/find.texi | 142 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------
1 files changed, 71 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)
diff --git a/doc/find.texi b/doc/find.texi
index b74ca5b..cc6d58d 100644
--- a/doc/find.texi
+++ b/doc/find.texi
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ To report a bug in GNU findutils, please use the form on
the Savannah
web site at
@code{http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=findutils}. Reporting bugs
this way means that you will then be able to track progress in fixing
-the problem.
+the problem.
If you don't have web access, you can also just send mail to the
mailing list. The mailing list @email{bug-findutils@@gnu.org} carries
@@ -915,7 +915,7 @@ are valid but tests of the form @samp{-newertY} are not.
For example the test @code{-newerac /tmp/foo} succeeds for all files
which have been accessed more recently than @file{/tmp/foo} was
-changed. Here @samp{X} is @samp{a} and @samp{Y} is @samp{c}.
+changed. Here @samp{X} is @samp{a} and @samp{Y} is @samp{c}.
Not all files have a known birth time. If @samp{Y} is @samp{b} and
the birth time of @file{reference} is not available, @code{find} exits
@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ False unless the symbolic link is broken
@end table
In other words, for symbolic links, @samp{-xtype} checks the type of
-the file that @samp{-type} does not check.
+the file that @samp{-type} does not check.
The @samp{-H} option also affects the behaviour of @samp{-xtype}.
When @samp{-H} is in effect, @samp{-xtype} behaves as if @samp{-L} had
@@ -1140,7 +1140,7 @@ is, the situation may change between the test and an
action being
taken on the basis of the result of that test.
address@hidden Test -readable
address@hidden Test -readable
True if the file can be read by the invoking user.
@end deffn
@@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@ either a symbolic or numeric @var{mode} (@pxref{File
Permissions})
optionally prefixed by @samp{-} or @samp{/}.
A @var{pmode} that starts with neither @samp{-} nor @samp{/} matches
-if @var{mode} exactly matches the file mode bits.
+if @var{mode} exactly matches the file mode bits.
A @var{pmode} that starts with @samp{+} but which is not valid (for
example @samp{+a+x}) is an error if the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment
@@ -1343,7 +1343,7 @@ find . -wholename './src/emacs' -prune , -print
If the @samp{-depth} option is in effect, the subdirectories will have
already been visited in any case. Hence @samp{-prune} has no effect
-in this case.
+in this case.
Because @samp{-delete} implies @samp{-depth}, using @samp{-prune} in
combination with @samp{-delete} may well result in the deletion of
@@ -1390,7 +1390,7 @@ and so forth), because this scenario is common for those
sorts of
directories. Completely silencing error messages from @code{find} is
undesirable, so this option neatly solves the problem. There is no
way to search one part of the filesystem with this option on and part
-of it with this option off, though. When this option is turned on and
+of it with this option off, though. When this option is turned on and
find discovers that one of the start-point files specified on the
command line does not exist, no error message will be issued.
@@ -1543,15 +1543,15 @@ you are searching might contain a newline, you should
use
@c This option affects how some of @code{find}'s actions treat
@c unprintable characters in file names. If @samp{how} is
@c @samp{literal}, any subsequent actions (i.e., actions further on in the
address@hidden command line) print file names as-is.
address@hidden
address@hidden command line) print file names as-is.
address@hidden
@c If this option is not specified, it currently defaults to @samp{safe}.
@c If @samp{how} is @samp{safe}, C-like backslash escapes are used to
@c indicate the non-printable characters for @samp{-ls} and @samp{-fls}.
@c On the other hand, @samp{-print}, @samp{-fprint}, @samp{-fprintf} and
@c @code{-printf} all quote unprintable characters if the data is going
@c to a tty, and otherwise the data is emitted literally.
address@hidden
address@hidden
@c @table @code
@c @item -ls
@c Escaped if @samp{how} is @samp{safe}
@@ -1568,7 +1568,7 @@ you are searching might contain a newline, you should use
@c @item -fprint0
@c Always literal, never escaped
@c @item -fprintf
address@hidden If the destination is a tty, the @samp{%f},
address@hidden If the destination is a tty, the @samp{%f},
@c @samp{%F}, @samp{%h}, @samp{%l}, @samp{%p},
@c and @samp{%P} directives produce quoted
@c strings if stdout is a tty and are treated
@@ -1787,7 +1787,7 @@ File's numeric user ID.
@item %m
@c full support, including # and 0.
File's mode bits (in octal). If you always want to have a leading
-zero on the number, use the '#' format flag, for example '%#m'.
+zero on the number, use the '#' format flag, for example '%#m'.
The file mode bit numbers used are the traditional Unix
numbers, which will be as expected on most systems, but if your
@@ -2146,7 +2146,7 @@ However, there is a slightly obscure but powerful
workarouund for this
problem which takes advantage of the behaviour of @code{sh -c}:-
@example
-find startpoint -tests @dots{} -exec sh -c 'scp "$@@" remote:/dest' sh
@address@hidden +
+find startpoint -tests @dots{} -exec sh -c 'scp "$@@" remote:/dest' sh
@address@hidden +
@end example
In the example above, the filenames we want to work on need to occur
@@ -2370,7 +2370,7 @@ is not the same quoting mechanism as the one used for
@samp{-ls} and
@samp{fls}. If you are able to decide what format to use for the
output of @code{find} then it is normally better to use @samp{\0} as a
terminator than to use newline, as file names can contain white space
-and newline characters.
+and newline characters.
@end table
@item -print
@itemx -fprint
@@ -2413,7 +2413,7 @@ Use at most @var{max-lines} nonblank input lines per
command line;
allowed in the case of the @samp{-L} option. Trailing blanks cause an
input line to be logically continued on the next input line, for the
purpose of counting the lines. Implies @samp{-x}. The preferred name
-for this option is @samp{-L} as this is specified by POSIX.
+for this option is @samp{-L} as this is specified by POSIX.
@item address@hidden
@itemx -n @var{max-args}
@@ -2432,7 +2432,7 @@ or lower limit is used instead. You can use
@samp{--show-limits}
option to understand the command-line limits applying to @code{xargs}
and how this is affected by any other options. The POSIX limits shown
when you do this have already been adjusted to take into account the
-size of your environment variables.
+size of your environment variables.
The largest allowed value is system-dependent, and is calculated as
the argument length limit for exec, less the size of your environment,
@@ -2501,7 +2501,7 @@ Here, the first invocation of @code{xargs} has no input
line length
limit because it doesn't use the @samp{-I} option. The second
invocation of @code{xargs} does have such a limit, but we have ensured
that it never encounters a line which is longer than it can
-handle.
+handle.
This is not an ideal solution. Instead, the @samp{-I} option should
not impose a line length limit (apart from any limit imposed by the
@@ -2524,17 +2524,17 @@ and the @code{find} primary @samp{-ok} instead of
@samp{-exec}:
Like @samp{-execdir} (@pxref{Single File}), but ask the user first.
If the user does not agree to run the command, just return false.
Otherwise, run it, with standard input redirected from
address@hidden/dev/null}.
address@hidden/dev/null}.
The response to the prompt is matched against a pair of regular
expressions to determine if it is a yes or no response.
This regular expression is obtained from the system if the
-POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable is set, or otherwise from
+POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable is set, or otherwise from
@code{find}'s message translations. If the system has no suitable definition,
@code{find}'s own definition will be used. In either case, the
interpretation of the regular expression itself will be affected by
the environment variables LC_CTYPE (character classes) and LC_COLLATE
-(character ranges and equivalence classes).
+(character ranges and equivalence classes).
@end deffn
@deffn Action -ok command ;
@@ -2944,7 +2944,7 @@ describing the files we wish to search for. The first
part of the
expression is recognised by the fact that it begins with @samp{-}
followed by some other letters (for example @samp{-print}), or is
either @samp{(} or @samp{!}. Any arguments after it are the rest of
-the expression.
+the expression.
If no expression is given, the expression @samp{-print} is used.
@@ -2979,7 +2979,7 @@ The options @samp{-H}, @samp{-L} or @samp{-P} may be
specified at the
start of the command line (if none of these is specified, @samp{-P} is
assumed). If you specify more than one of these options, the last one
specified takes effect (but note that the @samp{-follow} option is
-equivalent to @samp{-L}).
+equivalent to @samp{-L}).
@table @code
@item -P
@@ -3005,7 +3005,7 @@ symbolic links are handled.
If there is an error on the @code{find} command line, an error message
is normally issued. However, there are some usages that are
inadvisable but which @code{find} should still accept. Under these
-circumstances, @code{find} may issue a warning message.
+circumstances, @code{find} may issue a warning message.
By default, warnings are enabled only if @code{find} is being run
interactively (specifically, if the standard input is a terminal) and
@@ -3077,14 +3077,14 @@ traditional behaviour. Expressions are reordered so
that tests based
only on the names of files (for address@hidden -name} and
@samp{-regex}) are performed first.
address@hidden 2
address@hidden 2
Any @samp{-type} or @samp{-xtype} tests are performed after any tests
based only on the names of files, but before any tests that require
information from the inode. On many modern versions of Unix, file
types are returned by @code{readdir()} and so these predicates are
faster to evaluate than predicates which need to stat the file first.
address@hidden 3
address@hidden 3
At this optimisation level, the full cost-based query optimiser is
enabled. The order of tests is modified so that cheap (i.e., fast)
tests are performed first and more expensive ones are performed later,
@@ -3110,12 +3110,12 @@ For a complete list of valid debug options, see the
output of
@table @samp
@item help
Explain the debugging options.
address@hidden tree
address@hidden tree
Show the expression tree in its original and optimised form.
address@hidden stat
address@hidden stat
Print messages as files are examined with the stat and lstat system
calls. The find program tries to minimise such calls.
address@hidden opt
address@hidden opt
Prints diagnostic information relating to the optimisation of the
expression tree; see the @samp{-O} option.
@item rates
@@ -3207,7 +3207,7 @@ before you read @code{locate}'s output.
@itemx -L
If testing for the existence of files (with the @samp{-e} or @samp{-E}
options), consider broken symbolic links to be non-existing. This is
-the default behaviour.
+the default behaviour.
@item --nofollow
@itemx -P
@@ -3418,13 +3418,13 @@ if the command is not found
if some other error occurred.
@end table
-Exit codes greater than 128 are used by the shell to indicate that
+Exit codes greater than 128 are used by the shell to indicate that
a program died due to a fatal signal.
@menu
-* xargs options::
-* Invoking the shell from xargs::
+* xargs options::
+* Invoking the shell from xargs::
@end menu
@node xargs options
@@ -3557,11 +3557,11 @@ without invoking a shell. This is normally the
behaviour one would
want. It's somewhat more efficient and avoids problems with shell
metacharacters, for example. However, sometimes it is necessary to
manipulate the environment of a command before it is run, in a way
-that @code{xargs} does not directly support.
+that @code{xargs} does not directly support.
Invoking a shell from @code{xargs} is a good way of performing such
manipulations. However, some care must be taken to prevent problems,
-for example unwanted interpretation of shell metacharacters.
+for example unwanted interpretation of shell metacharacters.
This command moves a set of files into an archive directory:
@@ -3626,7 +3626,7 @@ Notice that we use the shell builtin @code{exec} here.
That's simply
because the subshell needs to do nothing once Emacs has been invoked.
Therefore instead of keeping a @code{sh} process around for no reason,
we just arrange for the subshell to exec Emacs, saving an extra
-process creation.
+process creation.
Sometimes, though, it can be helpful to keep the shell process around:
@@ -3644,7 +3644,7 @@ This causes @code{xargs} to stop immediately.
The @samp{-regex} and @samp{-iregex} tests of @code{find} allow
matching by regular expression, as does the @samp{--regex} option of
address@hidden
address@hidden
Your locale configuration affects how regular expressions are
interpreted. @xref{Environment Variables}, for a description of how
@@ -3684,9 +3684,9 @@ actual pattern used to interpret the response to
@code{-ok},
the interpretation of any bracket expressions in the pattern will be
affected by the LC_COLLATE variable.
address@hidden LC_CTYPE
address@hidden LC_CTYPE
This variable affects the treatment of character classes used in
-regular expression and with
+regular expression and with
the @samp{-name} test, if the @code{fnmatch} function supports this.
This variable also affects the interpretation of any character classes
@@ -3697,7 +3697,7 @@ filenames are printed (@pxref{Unusual Characters in File
Names}).
@item LC_MESSAGES
Determines the locale to be used for internationalised messages,
-including the interpretation of the response to the prompt made by the
+including the interpretation of the response to the prompt made by the
@code{-ok} action.
@item NLSPATH
@@ -3711,8 +3711,8 @@ the find command line includes @samp{-execdir} or
@samp{-okdir},
@code{find} will refuse to run. @xref{Security Considerations}, for a
more detailed discussion of security matters.
address@hidden POSIXLY_CORRECT
-Determines the block size used by @samp{-ls} and @samp{-fls}.
address@hidden POSIXLY_CORRECT
+Determines the block size used by @samp{-ls} and @samp{-fls}.
If @var{POSIXLY_CORRECT} is set, blocks are units of 512 bytes. Otherwise
they are units of 1024 bytes.
@@ -3722,15 +3722,15 @@ the output for @samp{-ok}, all messages printed on
stderr are
diagnositcs and must result in a non-zero exit status.
Arguments to @samp{-perm} beginning with @samp{+} are treated
-differently when POSIXLY_CORRECT is set. See
+differently when POSIXLY_CORRECT is set. See
@ref{Mode Bits,-perm,File Mode Bits}.
-When POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, the response to the prompt made by the
+When POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, the response to the prompt made by the
@code{-ok} action is interpreted according to the system's message
catalogue, as opposed to according to @code{find}'s own message
-translations.
+translations.
address@hidden TZ
address@hidden TZ
Affects the time zone used for some of the time-related format
directives of @samp{-printf} and @samp{-fprintf}.
@end table
@@ -4065,7 +4065,7 @@ One of the most common tasks that @code{find} is used for
is locating
files that can be deleted. This might include:
@itemize
address@hidden
address@hidden
Files last modified more than 3 years ago which haven't been accessed
for at least 2 years
@item
@@ -4099,7 +4099,7 @@ The most obvious problem with the approach above is that
it causes
and the child process then has to use the @code{exec} system call to
launch @code{/bin/rm}. All this is quite inefficient. If we are
going to use @code{/bin/rm} to do this job, it is better to make it
-delete more than one file at a time.
+delete more than one file at a time.
The most obvious way of doing this is to use the shell's command
expansion feature:
@@ -4131,13 +4131,13 @@ from its standard input and builds them into command
lines. We can
use it like this:
@smallexample
-find /var/tmp/stuff -mtime +90 -print | xargs /bin/rm
+find /var/tmp/stuff -mtime +90 -print | xargs /bin/rm
@end smallexample
For example if the files found by @code{find} are
address@hidden/var/tmp/stuff/A},
address@hidden/var/tmp/stuff/B} and
address@hidden/var/tmp/stuff/C} then @code{xargs} might issue the commands
address@hidden/var/tmp/stuff/A},
address@hidden/var/tmp/stuff/B} and
address@hidden/var/tmp/stuff/C} then @code{xargs} might issue the commands
@smallexample
/bin/rm /var/tmp/stuff/A /var/tmp/stuff/B
@@ -4183,7 +4183,7 @@ So, putting @code{find -print0} together with @code{xargs
-0} we get
this command:
@smallexample
-find /var/tmp/stuff -mtime +90 -print0 | xargs -0 /bin/rm
+find /var/tmp/stuff -mtime +90 -print0 | xargs -0 /bin/rm
@end smallexample
The result is an efficient way of proceeding that
@@ -4228,7 +4228,7 @@ security problem is a race condition; that is, if it is
possible for
somebody to manipulate the filesystem that you are searching while you
are searching it, it is possible for them to persuade your @code{find}
command to cause the deletion of a file that you can delete but they
-normally cannot.
+normally cannot.
The problem occurs because the @samp{-exec} action is defined by the
@acronym{POSIX} standard to invoke its command with the same working directory
@@ -4279,13 +4279,13 @@ find /var/tmp/stuff -mtime +90 -execdir /bin/rm
@address@hidden \+
might delete a set of files by performing these actions:
@enumerate
address@hidden
address@hidden
Change directory to /var/tmp/stuff/foo
address@hidden
address@hidden
Invoke @code{/bin/rm ./file1 ./file2 ./file3}
@item
Change directory to /var/tmp/stuff/bar
address@hidden
address@hidden
Invoke @code{/bin/rm ./file99 ./file100 ./file101}
@end enumerate
@@ -4297,7 +4297,7 @@ how many files we actually need to delete from each
directory.
Is it possible to do any better? In the case of general file
processing, no. However, in the specific case of deleting files it is
-indeed possible to do better.
+indeed possible to do better.
@subsection Using the -delete action
@@ -4314,7 +4314,7 @@ forking a new process and using @code{exec} to run
@code{/bin/rm}. It
is also normally more efficient than @code{xargs} for the same
reason. The file deletion is performed from the directory containing
the entry to be deleted, so the @samp{-delete} action has the same
-security advantages as the @samp{-execdir} action has.
+security advantages as the @samp{-execdir} action has.
The @samp{-delete} action was introduced by the BSD family of
operating systems.
@@ -4402,7 +4402,7 @@ findutils prior to 4.2.12.
Suppose you want to copy some files from @file{/source-dir} to
@file{/dest-dir}, but there are a small number of files in
address@hidden/source-dir} you don't want to copy.
address@hidden/source-dir} you don't want to copy.
One option of course is @code{cp /source-dir /dest-dir} followed by
deletion of the unwanted material under @file{/dest-dir}. But often
@@ -4419,7 +4419,7 @@ command that solves our problem:
@example
cd /source-dir
-find . -name '.snapshot' -prune -o \( \! -name '*~' -print0 \) |
+find . -name '.snapshot' -prune -o \( \! -name '*~' -print0 \) |
cpio -pmd0 /dest-dir
@end example
@@ -4431,7 +4431,7 @@ that didn't get pruned, but it is exactly those files we
want to
copy. Therefore we need to use an OR (@samp{-o}) condition to
introduce the rest of our expression. The remainder of the expression
simply arranges for the name of any file not ending in @samp{~} to be
-printed.
+printed.
Using @code{-print0} ensures that white space characters in file names
do not pose a problem. The @code{cpio} command does the actual work
@@ -4459,7 +4459,7 @@ different ways to do it.
The obvious but wrong answer is just to use @samp{-newer}:-
@smallexample
-find subdir -newer timestamp -exec touch -r @address@hidden timestamp \;
+find subdir -newer timestamp -exec touch -r @address@hidden timestamp \;
@end smallexample
This does the right sort of thing but has a bug. Suppose that two
@@ -4480,7 +4480,7 @@ compared against it, but that will reduce the performance
of
The @code{test} command can be used to compare timestamps:
@smallexample
-find subdir -exec test @address@hidden -nt timestamp \; -exec touch -r
@address@hidden timestamp \;
+find subdir -exec test @address@hidden -nt timestamp \; -exec touch -r
@address@hidden timestamp \;
@end smallexample
This will ensure that any changes made to the modification time of
@@ -4496,7 +4496,7 @@ calls to @code{test}:
@smallexample
find subdir -newer timestamp -a \
-exec test @address@hidden -nt timestamp \; -a \
- -exec touch -r @address@hidden timestamp \;
+ -exec touch -r @address@hidden timestamp \;
@end smallexample
Here, the @samp{-newer} test excludes all the files which are
@@ -4513,10 +4513,10 @@ It is possible to use the @samp{-printf} action to
abandon the use of
@code{test} entirely:
@smallexample
-newest=$(find subdir -newer timestamp -printf "%A@:%p\n" |
- sort -n |
- tail -1 |
- cut -d: -f2- )
+newest=$(find subdir -newer timestamp -printf "%A@:%p\n" |
+ sort -n |
+ tail -1 |
+ cut -d: -f2- )
touch -r "address@hidden:address@hidden" timestamp
@end smallexample
@@ -4566,7 +4566,7 @@ space), and do things more efficiently too. The
following command
works with newlines and doesn't need to sort the list of filenames.
@smallexample
-find subdir -newer timestamp -printf "%A@@:%p\0" |
+find subdir -newer timestamp -printf "%A@@:%p\0" |
perl -0 newest.pl |
xargs --no-run-if-empty --null -i \
find @address@hidden -maxdepth 0 -newer timestamp -exec touch -r
@address@hidden timestamp \;
@@ -4777,7 +4777,7 @@ In the case of the shell, there is a clever workaround
for this
problem:
@example
-# safer
+# safer
find -exec sh -c 'something "$@@"' @address@hidden \;
find -execdir sh -c 'something "$@@"' @address@hidden;
@end example
@@ -5078,7 +5078,7 @@ find / -print0 | tr -c '\0' 'x' | tr '\0' '\n' | wc -L
Although this problem is significant, the old database format is not
the default, and use of the old database format is not common. Most
-installations and most users will not be affected by this problem.
+installations and most users will not be affected by this problem.
--
1.5.5.1
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