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[Emacs-diffs] /srv/bzr/emacs/trunk r106591: More updates to the Text cha
|
From: |
Chong Yidong |
|
Subject: |
[Emacs-diffs] /srv/bzr/emacs/trunk r106591: More updates to the Text chapter of the Emacs manual, and related nodes. |
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Date: |
Sun, 04 Dec 2011 00:17:29 +0800 |
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User-agent: |
Bazaar (2.3.1) |
------------------------------------------------------------
revno: 106591
committer: Chong Yidong <address@hidden>
branch nick: trunk
timestamp: Sun 2011-12-04 00:17:29 +0800
message:
More updates to the Text chapter of the Emacs manual, and related nodes.
Make the documentation of Enriched Mode shorter, since it's
practically unused.
* text.texi (TeX Mode): Mention AUCTeX package.
(TeX Editing): Add xref to documentation for Occur.
(LaTeX Editing): Add xref to Completion node.
(TeX Print): Fix description of tex-directory.
(Enriched Text): Renamed from Formatted Text. Make this node and
its subnodes less verbose, since text/enriched files are
practically unused.
(Enriched Mode): Renamed from Requesting Formatted Text.
(Format Colors): Node deleted.
(Enriched Faces): Renamed from Format Faces. Describe commands
for applying colors too.
(Forcing Enriched Mode): Node deleted; merged into Enriched Mode.
* frames.texi (Menu Mouse Clicks): Tweak description of C-Mouse-2.
* display.texi (Colors): New node.
* cmdargs.texi (Colors X):
* xresources.texi (GTK styles):
* custom.texi (Face Customization): Reference it.
* glossary.texi (Glossary): Remove "formatted text" and "WYSIWYG".
Link to Fill Commands for Justification entry.
modified:
doc/emacs/ChangeLog
doc/emacs/cmdargs.texi
doc/emacs/custom.texi
doc/emacs/display.texi
doc/emacs/emacs.texi
doc/emacs/files.texi
doc/emacs/frames.texi
doc/emacs/glossary.texi
doc/emacs/modes.texi
doc/emacs/text.texi
doc/emacs/xresources.texi
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/ChangeLog'
--- a/doc/emacs/ChangeLog 2011-12-03 13:32:29 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/ChangeLog 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -1,3 +1,29 @@
+2011-12-03 Chong Yidong <address@hidden>
+
+ * text.texi (TeX Mode): Mention AUCTeX package.
+ (TeX Editing): Add xref to documentation for Occur.
+ (LaTeX Editing): Add xref to Completion node.
+ (TeX Print): Fix description of tex-directory.
+ (Enriched Text): Renamed from Formatted Text. Make this node and
+ its subnodes less verbose, since text/enriched files are
+ practically unused.
+ (Enriched Mode): Renamed from Requesting Formatted Text.
+ (Format Colors): Node deleted.
+ (Enriched Faces): Renamed from Format Faces. Describe commands
+ for applying colors too.
+ (Forcing Enriched Mode): Node deleted; merged into Enriched Mode.
+
+ * frames.texi (Menu Mouse Clicks): Tweak description of C-Mouse-2.
+
+ * display.texi (Colors): New node.
+
+ * cmdargs.texi (Colors X):
+ * xresources.texi (GTK styles):
+ * custom.texi (Face Customization): Reference it.
+
+ * glossary.texi (Glossary): Remove "formatted text" and "WYSIWYG".
+ Link to Fill Commands for Justification entry.
+
2011-12-03 Eli Zaretskii <address@hidden>
* display.texi (Auto Scrolling): More accurate description of what
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/cmdargs.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/cmdargs.texi 2011-09-18 20:01:37 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/cmdargs.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
* Environment:: Environment variables that Emacs uses.
* Display X:: Changing the default display and using remote login.
* Font X:: Choosing a font for text, under X.
-* Colors:: Choosing display colors.
+* Colors X:: Choosing display colors.
* Window Size X:: Start-up window size, under X.
* Borders X:: Internal and external borders, under X.
* Title X:: Specifying the initial frame's title.
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@
When passing a font specification to Emacs on the command line, you
may need to ``quote'' it, by enclosing it in quotation marks, if it
-contains characters that the shell treats specially (e.g. spaces).
+contains characters that the shell treats specially (e.g.@: spaces).
For example:
@smallexample
@@ -794,27 +794,14 @@
@xref{Fonts}, for other ways to specify the default font and font name
formats.
address@hidden Colors
address@hidden Colors X
@appendixsec Window Color Options
@cindex color of window, from command line
@cindex text colors, from command line
address@hidden list-colors-display
address@hidden available colors
- On a color display, you can specify which color to use for various
-parts of the Emacs display. To find out what colors are available on
-your system, type @kbd{M-x list-colors-display}, or press
address@hidden and select @samp{Display Colors} from the pop-up menu.
-(A particular window system might support many more colors, but the
-list displayed by @code{list-colors-display} shows their portable
-subset that can be safely used on any display supported by Emacs.)
-If you do not specify colors, on windowed displays the default for the
-background is white and the default for all other colors is black. On a
-monochrome display, the foreground is black, the background is white,
-and the border is gray if the display supports that. On terminals, the
-background is usually black and the foreground is white.
-
- Here is a list of the command-line options for specifying colors:
+ You can use the following command-line options to specify the colors
+to use for various parts of the Emacs display. Colors may be
+specified using either color names or RGB triplets (@pxref{Colors}).
@table @samp
@item -fg @var{color}
@@ -822,15 +809,15 @@
@itemx address@hidden
@opindex --foreground-color
@cindex foreground color, command-line argument
-Specify the foreground color. @var{color} should be a standard color
-name, or a numeric specification of the color's red, green, and blue
-components as in @samp{#4682B4} or @samp{RGB:46/82/B4}.
+Specify the foreground color, overriding the color specified by the
address@hidden face (@pxref{Faces}).
@item -bg @var{color}
@opindex -bg
@itemx address@hidden
@opindex --background-color
@cindex background color, command-line argument
-Specify the background color.
+Specify the background color, overriding the color specified by the
address@hidden face.
@item -bd @var{color}
@opindex -bd
@itemx address@hidden
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/custom.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/custom.texi 2011-11-14 06:27:12 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/custom.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -430,15 +430,8 @@
clicking that button. When the attribute is enabled, you can change
the attribute value in the usual ways.
- You can specify a color name (use @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} for
-a list of them) or a hexadecimal color specification of the form
address@hidden@address@hidden@var{bb}}. (@samp{#000000} is black,
address@hidden is red, @samp{#00ff00} is green, @samp{#0000ff} is
-blue, and @samp{#ffffff} is white.) On a black-and-white display, the
-colors you can use for the background are @samp{black}, @samp{white},
address@hidden, @samp{gray1}, and @samp{gray3}. Emacs supports these
-shades of gray by using background stipple patterns instead of a
-color.
+ The foreground and background colors can be specified using color
+names or RGB triplets. @xref{Colors}.
Setting, saving and resetting a face work like the same operations for
variables (@pxref{Changing a Variable}).
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/display.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/display.texi 2011-12-03 13:32:29 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/display.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
* View Mode:: Viewing read-only buffers.
* Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one.
* Faces:: How to change the display style using faces.
+* Colors:: Specifying colors for faces.
* Standard Faces:: Emacs' predefined faces.
* Text Scale:: Increasing or decreasing text size in a buffer.
* Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces.
@@ -461,7 +462,7 @@
To turn off Follow mode, type @kbd{M-x follow-mode} a second time.
@node Faces
address@hidden Faces: Controlling Text Display Style
address@hidden Text Faces
@cindex faces
Emacs can display text in several different styles, called
@@ -480,10 +481,8 @@
It's possible for a given face to look different in different
frames. For instance, some text-only terminals do not support all
face attributes, particularly font, height, and width, and some
-support a limited range of colors. The @code{list-faces-display}
-command shows the appearance for the selected frame.
+support a limited range of colors.
address@hidden face colors, setting
@cindex background color
@cindex default face
You can customize a face to alter its appearance, and save those
@@ -498,25 +497,58 @@
You can also use X resources to specify attributes of any particular
face. @xref{Resources}.
+ Emacs can display variable-width fonts, but some Emacs commands,
+particularly indentation commands, do not account for variable
+character display widths. Therefore, we recommend not using
+variable-width fonts for most faces, particularly those assigned by
+Font Lock mode.
+
address@hidden Colors
address@hidden Colors for Faces
address@hidden color name
address@hidden RGB triplet
+
+ Faces can have various foreground and background colors. When you
+specify a color for a face---for instance, when customizing the face
+(@pxref{Face Customization})---you can use either a @dfn{color name}
+or an @dfn{RGB triplet}.
+
address@hidden list-colors-display
+ A color name is a pre-defined name, such as @samp{dark orange} or
address@hidden sea green}. To view a list of color names, type @kbd{M-x
+list-colors-display}. If you run this command on a graphical display,
+it shows the full range of color names known to Emacs (these are the
+standard X11 color names, defined in X's @file{rgb.txt} file). If you
+run the command on a text-only terminal, it shows only a small subset
+of colors that can be safely displayed on such terminals. However,
+Emacs understands X11 color names even on text-only terminals; if a
+face is given a color specified by an X11 color name, it is displayed
+using the closest-matching terminal color.
+
+ An RGB triplet is a string of the form @samp{#RRGGBB}. Each of the
+R, G, and B components is a hexadecimal number specifying the
+component's relative intensity, one to four digits long (usually two
+digits are used). The components must have the same number of digits.
+For hexadecimal values A to F, either upper or lower case are
+acceptable.
+
+ The @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} command also shows the equivalent
+RGB triplet for each named color. For instance, @samp{medium sea
+green} is equivalent to @samp{#3CB371}.
+
address@hidden face colors, setting
@findex set-face-foreground
@findex set-face-background
- You can also change the foreground and background colors of a face
-with @kbd{M-x set-face-foreground} and @kbd{M-x set-face-background}.
-These commands prompt in the minibuffer for a face name and a color
-name, with completion, and then set that face to use the specified
-color (@pxref{Face Customization}, for information about color names).
+ You can change the foreground and background colors of a face with
address@hidden set-face-foreground} and @kbd{M-x set-face-background}.
+These commands prompt in the minibuffer for a face name and a color,
+with completion, and then set that face to use the specified color.
They affect the face colors on all frames, but their effects do not
persist for future Emacs sessions, unlike using the customization
buffer or X resources. You can also use frame parameters to set
-foreground and background colors for a specific frame; see @ref{Frame
+foreground and background colors for a specific frame; @xref{Frame
Parameters}.
- Emacs can display variable-width fonts, but some Emacs commands,
-particularly indentation commands, do not account for variable
-character display widths. Therefore, we recommend not using
-variable-width fonts for most faces, particularly those assigned by
-Font Lock mode.
-
@node Standard Faces
@section Standard Faces
@@ -1022,13 +1054,13 @@
@cindex fringes, and unused line indication
On graphical displays, Emacs can indicate unused lines at the end of
the window with a small image in the left fringe (@pxref{Fringes}).
-The image appears for window lines that do not correspond to any
-buffer text. Blank lines at the end of the buffer then stand out
-because they do not have this image in the fringe. To enable this
-feature, set the buffer-local variable @code{indicate-empty-lines} to
-a address@hidden value. You can enable or disable this feature for
-all new buffers by setting the default value of this variable,
-e.g.@:@code{(setq-default indicate-empty-lines t)}.
+The image appears for screen lines that do not correspond to any
+buffer text, so blank lines at the end of the buffer stand out because
+they lack this image. To enable this feature, set the buffer-local
+variable @code{indicate-empty-lines} to a address@hidden value. You
+can enable or disable this feature for all new buffers by setting the
+default value of this variable, e.g.@: @code{(setq-default
+indicate-empty-lines t)}.
@node Selective Display
@section Selective Display
@@ -1257,7 +1289,7 @@
Some address@hidden characters have the same appearance as an
@acronym{ASCII} space or hyphen (minus) character. Such characters
can cause problems if they are entered into a buffer without your
-realization, e.g. by yanking; for instance, source code compilers
+realization, e.g.@: by yanking; for instance, source code compilers
typically do not treat address@hidden spaces as whitespace
characters. To deal with this problem, Emacs displays such characters
specially: it displays @code{U+00A0} (no-break space) with the
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/emacs.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/emacs.texi 2011-11-28 11:12:00 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/emacs.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -113,25 +113,6 @@
@insertcopying
@end ifnottex
address@hidden
-These subcategories have been deleted for simplicity
-and to avoid conflicts.
-Completion
-Backup Files
-Auto-Saving: Protection Against Disasters
-Tags
-Text Mode
-Outline Mode
address@hidden Mode
-Formatted Text
-Shell Command History
-
-The ones for Dired and Rmail have had the items turned into :: items
-to avoid conflicts.
-Also Running Shell Commands from Emacs
-and Sending Mail and Registers and Minibuffer.
address@hidden ignore
-
@menu
* Distrib:: How to get the latest Emacs distribution.
* Intro:: An introduction to Emacs concepts.
@@ -350,6 +331,7 @@
* View Mode:: Viewing read-only buffers.
* Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one.
* Faces:: How to change the display style using faces.
+* Colors:: Specifying colors for faces.
* Standard Faces:: Emacs' predefined faces.
* Text Scale:: Increasing or decreasing text size in a buffer.
* Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces.
@@ -569,8 +551,8 @@
* TeX Mode:: Editing input to the formatter TeX.
* HTML Mode:: Editing HTML and SGML files.
* Nroff Mode:: Editing input to the formatter nroff.
-* Formatted Text:: Editing formatted text directly in WYSIWYG fashion.
-* Text Based Tables:: Editing text-based tables in WYSIWYG fashion.
+* Enriched Text:: Editing text ``enriched'' with fonts, colors, etc.
+* Text Based Tables:: Commands for editing text-based tables.
* Two-Column:: Splitting text columns into separate windows.
Filling Text
@@ -597,18 +579,16 @@
* TeX Print:: Commands for printing part of a file with TeX.
* TeX Misc:: Customization of TeX mode, and related features.
-Editing Formatted Text
+Editing Enriched Text
-* Requesting Formatted Text:: Entering and exiting Enriched mode.
-* Hard and Soft Newlines:: There are two different kinds of newlines.
-* Editing Format Info:: How to edit text properties.
-* Format Faces:: Bold, italic, underline, etc.
-* Format Colors:: Changing the color of text.
-* Format Indentation:: Changing the left and right margins.
-* Format Justification:: Centering, setting text flush with the
- left or right margin, etc.
-* Format Properties:: The "special" text properties submenu.
-* Forcing Enriched Mode:: How to force use of Enriched mode.
+* Enriched Mode:: Entering and exiting Enriched mode.
+* Hard and Soft Newlines:: There are two different kinds of newlines.
+* Editing Format Info:: How to edit text properties.
+* Enriched Faces:: Bold, italic, underline, etc.
+* Enriched Indentation:: Changing the left and right margins.
+* Enriched Justification:: Centering, setting text flush with the
+ left or right margin, etc.
+* Enriched Properties:: The "special" text properties submenu.
@c The automatic texinfo menu update inserts some duplicate items here
@c (faces, colors, indentation, justification, properties), because
@@ -1150,7 +1130,7 @@
* Environment:: Environment variables that Emacs uses.
* Display X:: Changing the default display and using remote login.
* Font X:: Choosing a font for text, under X.
-* Colors:: Choosing display colors.
+* Colors X:: Choosing display colors.
* Window Size X:: Start-up window size, under X.
* Borders X:: Internal and external borders, under X.
* Title X:: Specifying the initial frame's title.
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/files.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/files.texi 2011-11-25 15:43:34 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/files.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -297,8 +297,9 @@
If you wish to edit a file as a sequence of @acronym{ASCII}
characters with no special encoding or conversion, use the @kbd{M-x
find-file-literally} command. This visits a file, like @kbd{C-x C-f},
-but does not do format conversion (@pxref{Formatted Text}), character
-code conversion (@pxref{Coding Systems}), or automatic uncompression
+but does not do format conversion (@pxref{Format Conversion,, Format
+Conversion, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}), character code
+conversion (@pxref{Coding Systems}), or automatic uncompression
(@pxref{Compressed Files}), and does not add a final newline because
of @code{require-final-newline} (@pxref{Customize Save}). If you have
already visited the same file in the usual (non-literal) manner, this
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/frames.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/frames.texi 2011-11-27 08:22:37 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/frames.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
@chapter Frames and Graphical Displays
@cindex frames
- When Emacs is started on a graphical display, e.g. on the X Window
+ When Emacs is started on a graphical display, e.g.@: on the X Window
System, it occupies a graphical system-level ``window''. In this
manual, we call this a @dfn{frame}, reserving the word ``window'' for
the part of the frame used for displaying a buffer. A frame initially
@@ -245,8 +245,8 @@
@vindex mouse-highlight
Some Emacs buffers include @dfn{buttons}, or @dfn{hyperlinks}:
-pieces of text that perform some action (e.g. following a reference)
-when activated (e.g. by clicking on them). Usually, a button's text
+pieces of text that perform some action (e.g.@: following a reference)
+when activated (e.g.@: by clicking on them). Usually, a button's text
is visually highlighted: it is underlined, or a box is drawn around
it. If you move the mouse over a button, the shape of the mouse
cursor changes and the button lights up. If you change the variable
@@ -302,8 +302,9 @@
@item C-Mouse-2
@kindex C-Mouse-2
-This menu is for specifying faces and other text properties
-for editing formatted text. @xref{Formatted Text}.
+This menu contains entries for examining faces and other text
+properties, and well as for setting them (the latter is mainly useful
+when editing enriched text; @pxref{Enriched Text}).
@item C-Mouse-3
@kindex C-Mouse-3
@@ -657,7 +658,7 @@
@item maker
The name of the font manufacturer.
@item family
-The name of the font family (e.g. @samp{courier}).
+The name of the font family (e.g.@: @samp{courier}).
@item weight
The font weight---normally either @samp{bold}, @samp{medium} or
@samp{light}. Some font names support other values.
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/glossary.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/glossary.texi 2011-07-10 03:11:47 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/glossary.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -509,11 +509,6 @@
make it easy to change several fonts at once by specifying the name of a
fontset, rather than changing each font separately. @xref{Fontsets}.
address@hidden Formatted Text
-Formatted text is text that displays with formatting information while
-you edit. Formatting information includes fonts, colors, and specified
-margins. @xref{Formatted Text}.
-
@item Formfeed Character
See `page.'
@@ -702,9 +697,8 @@
See `incremental search.'
@item Justification
-Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text
-in order to adjust the position of the text edges.
address@hidden Justification}.
+Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text in order
+to adjust the position of the text edges. @xref{Fill Commands}.
@item Key Binding
See `binding.'
@@ -1362,12 +1356,6 @@
Word search is searching for a sequence of words, considering the
punctuation between them as insignificant. @xref{Word Search}.
address@hidden WYSIWYG
-WYSIWYG stands for ``What you see is what you get.'' Emacs generally
-provides WYSIWYG editing for files of characters; in Enriched mode
-(@pxref{Formatted Text}), it provides WYSIWYG editing for files that
-include text formatting information.
-
@item Yanking
Yanking means reinserting text previously killed (q.v.@:). It can be
used to undo a mistaken kill, or for copying or moving text. Some
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/modes.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/modes.texi 2011-12-02 16:50:10 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/modes.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
@item
Enriched mode enables editing and saving of formatted text.
address@hidden Text}.
address@hidden Text}.
@item
Flyspell mode automatically highlights misspelled words.
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/text.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/text.texi 2011-12-02 16:50:10 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/text.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -32,10 +32,9 @@
@findex nxml-mode
Emacs has other major modes for text which contains ``embedded''
commands, such as @TeX{} and address@hidden (@pxref{TeX Mode}); HTML and
-SGML (@pxref{HTML Mode}); XML (@pxref{Top, nXML Mode,,nxml-mode, nXML
-Mode}); and Groff and Nroff (@pxref{Nroff Mode}). In addition, you
-can edit formatted text in WYSIWYG style (``what you see is what you
-get''), using Enriched mode (@pxref{Formatted Text}).
+SGML (@pxref{HTML Mode}); XML (@pxref{Top,The nXML Mode
+Manual,,nxml-mode, nXML Mode}); and Groff and Nroff (@pxref{Nroff
+Mode}).
@cindex ASCII art
If you need to edit pictures made out of text characters (commonly
@@ -48,13 +47,14 @@
@xref{Picture Mode}.
@end ifnottex
-
address@hidden
@cindex skeletons
@cindex templates
@cindex autotyping
@cindex automatic typing
The ``automatic typing'' features may be useful when writing text.
address@hidden,, autotype}.
address@hidden,The Autotype Manual,autotype}.
address@hidden ifinfo
@menu
* Words:: Moving over and killing words.
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@
* TeX Mode:: Editing input to the formatter TeX.
* HTML Mode:: Editing HTML and SGML files.
* Nroff Mode:: Editing input to the formatter nroff.
-* Formatted Text:: Editing formatted text directly in WYSIWYG fashion.
-* Text Based Tables:: Editing text-based tables in WYSIWYG fashion.
+* Enriched Text:: Editing text ``enriched'' with fonts, colors, etc.
+* Text Based Tables:: Commands for editing text-based tables.
* Two-Column:: Splitting text columns into separate windows.
@end menu
@@ -651,7 +651,8 @@
but there is a default value which you can change as well. @xref{Locals}.
The @code{indentation} text property provides another way to control
-the amount of indentation paragraphs receive. @xref{Format Indentation}.
+the amount of indentation paragraphs receive. @xref{Enriched
+Indentation}.
@node Adaptive Fill
@subsection Adaptive Filling
@@ -808,10 +809,10 @@
Text mode turns off the features concerned with comments except when
you explicitly invoke them. It changes the syntax table so that
-single-quotes are considered part of words (e.g. @samp{don't} is
+single-quotes are considered part of words (e.g.@: @samp{don't} is
considered one word). However, if a word starts with a single-quote,
it is treated as a prefix for the purposes of capitalization
-(e.g. @kbd{M-c} converts @samp{'hello'} into @samp{'Hello'}, as
+(e.g.@: @kbd{M-c} converts @samp{'hello'} into @samp{'Hello'}, as
expected).
@cindex Paragraph-Indent Text mode
@@ -1086,9 +1087,9 @@
current heading line as well as all the bodies in its subtree; the
subheadings themselves are left visible. The command @kbd{C-c C-k}
(@code{show-branches}) reveals the subheadings, if they had previously
-been hidden (e.g. by @kbd{C-c C-d}). The command @kbd{C-c C-i}
+been hidden (e.g.@: by @kbd{C-c C-d}). The command @kbd{C-c C-i}
(@code{show-children}) is a weaker version of this; it reveals just
-the direct subheadings, i.e. those one level down.
+the direct subheadings, i.e.@: those one level down.
@findex hide-other
@kindex C-c C-o @r{(Outline mode)}
@@ -1285,18 +1286,48 @@
@TeX{} mode using the command @kbd{M-x plain-tex-mode}, @kbd{M-x
latex-mode}, @kbd{M-x slitex-mode}, or @kbd{doctex-mode}.
- Emacs also provides address@hidden mode, a major mode for editing
address@hidden files. address@hidden is a tool for storing and formatting
-bibliographic references, which is commonly used together with
address@hidden In addition, the address@hidden package provides a minor mode
-which can be used in conjunction with address@hidden mode to manage
-bibliographic references. @inforef{Top,, reftex}.
+ The following sections document the features of @TeX{} mode and its
+variants. There are several other @TeX{}-related Emacs packages,
+which are not documented in this manual:
+
address@hidden @bullet
address@hidden
address@hidden mode is a major mode for address@hidden files, which are commonly
+used for keeping bibliographic references for address@hidden documents. For
+more information, see the documentation string for the command
address@hidden
+
address@hidden
+The address@hidden package provides a minor mode which can be used in
+conjunction with address@hidden mode to manage bibliographic references.
address@hidden
address@hidden,The address@hidden Manual,,reftex}.
address@hidden ifinfo
address@hidden
+For more information, see the address@hidden Info manual, which is
+distributed with Emacs.
address@hidden ifnotinfo
+
address@hidden
+The address@hidden package provides more advanced features for editing
address@hidden and its related formats, including the ability to preview
address@hidden equations within Emacs buffers. Unlike address@hidden mode and
the
address@hidden package, address@hidden is not distributed with Emacs by default.
+It can be downloaded via the Package Menu (@pxref{Packages}); once
+installed, see
address@hidden
address@hidden,The address@hidden Manual,,auctex}.
address@hidden ifinfo
address@hidden
+the address@hidden manual, which is included with the package.
address@hidden ifnotinfo
address@hidden itemize
@menu
-* Editing: TeX Editing. Special commands for editing in TeX mode.
-* LaTeX: LaTeX Editing. Additional commands for LaTeX input files.
-* Printing: TeX Print. Commands for printing part of a file with TeX.
-* Misc: TeX Misc. Customization of TeX mode, and related features.
+* TeX Editing:: Special commands for editing in TeX mode.
+* LaTeX Editing:: Additional commands for LaTeX input files.
+* TeX Print:: Commands for printing part of a file with TeX.
+* TeX Misc:: Customization of TeX mode, and related features.
@end menu
@node TeX Editing
@@ -1321,12 +1352,10 @@
@findex tex-insert-quote
@kindex " @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
In @TeX{}, the character @samp{"} is not normally used; instead,
-quotations begin with @samp{``} and end with @samp{''}. For
-convenience, @TeX{} mode overrides the normal meaning of the key
address@hidden"} with a command that inserts a pair of single-quotes or
-backquotes (@code{tex-insert-quote}). To be precise, it inserts
address@hidden after whitespace or an open brace, @samp{"} after a
-backslash, and @samp{''} after any other character.
+quotations begin with @samp{``} and end with @samp{''}. @TeX{} mode
+therefore binds the @kbd{"} key to the @code{tex-insert-quote}
+command. This inserts @samp{``} after whitespace or an open brace,
address@hidden"} after a backslash, and @samp{''} after any other character.
As a special exception, if you type @kbd{"} when the text before
point is either @samp{``} or @samp{''}, Emacs replaces that preceding
@@ -1334,9 +1363,6 @@
@kbd{""} to insert @samp{"}, should you ever need to do so. (You can
also use @kbd{C-q "} to insert this character.)
- To disable the @kbd{"} expansion feature, eliminate that binding in
-the local map (@pxref{Key Bindings}).
-
In @TeX{} mode, @samp{$} has a special syntax code which attempts to
understand the way @TeX{} math mode delimiters match. When you insert a
@samp{$} that is meant to exit math mode, the position of the matching
@@ -1361,13 +1387,14 @@
@findex tex-validate-region
@findex tex-terminate-paragraph
@kindex C-j @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
- There are two commands for checking the matching of braces. @kbd{C-j}
-(@code{tex-terminate-paragraph}) checks the paragraph before point, and
-inserts two newlines to start a new paragraph. It outputs a message in
-the echo area if any mismatch is found. @kbd{M-x tex-validate-region}
-checks a region, paragraph by paragraph. The errors are listed in the
address@hidden buffer, and you can use @kbd{C-c C-c} or @kbd{Mouse-2} in
-that buffer to go to a particular mismatch.
+ There are two commands for checking the matching of braces.
address@hidden (@code{tex-terminate-paragraph}) checks the paragraph before
+point, and inserts two newlines to start a new paragraph. It outputs
+a message in the echo area if any mismatch is found. @kbd{M-x
+tex-validate-region} checks a region, paragraph by paragraph. The
+errors are listed in an @samp{*Occur*} buffer; you can use the usual
+Occur mode commands in that buffer, such as @kbd{C-c C-c}, to visit a
+particular mismatch (@pxref{Other Repeating Search}).
Note that Emacs commands count square brackets and parentheses in
@TeX{} mode, not just braces. This is not strictly correct for the
@@ -1379,8 +1406,8 @@
@node LaTeX Editing
@subsection address@hidden Editing Commands
- address@hidden mode (and its obsolete variant, address@hidden mode) provide a
-few extra features not applicable to plain @TeX{}:
+ address@hidden mode provides a few extra features not applicable to plain
address@hidden:
@table @kbd
@item C-c C-o
@@ -1393,60 +1420,59 @@
@findex tex-latex-block
@kindex C-c C-o @r{(address@hidden mode)}
+ In address@hidden input, @samp{\begin} and @samp{\end} tags are used to
+group blocks of text. To insert a block, type @kbd{C-c C-o}
+(@code{tex-latex-block}). This prompts for a block type, and inserts
+the appropriate matching @samp{\begin} and @samp{\end} tags, leaving a
+blank line between the two and moving point there.
+
@vindex latex-block-names
- In address@hidden input, @samp{\begin} and @samp{\end} commands are used to
-group blocks of text. To insert a @samp{\begin} and a matching
address@hidden (on a new line following the @samp{\begin}), use @kbd{C-c
-C-o} (@code{tex-latex-block}). A blank line is inserted between the
-two, and point is left there. You can use completion when you enter the
-block type; to specify additional block type names beyond the standard
-list, set the variable @code{latex-block-names}. For example, here's
-how to add @samp{theorem}, @samp{corollary}, and @samp{proof}:
-
address@hidden
-(setq latex-block-names '("theorem" "corollary" "proof"))
address@hidden example
+ When entering the block type argument to @kbd{C-c C-o}, you can use
+the usual completion commands (@pxref{Completion}). The default
+completion list contains the standard address@hidden block types. If you
+want additional block types for completion, customize the list
+variable @code{latex-block-names}.
@findex tex-close-latex-block
@kindex C-c C-e @r{(address@hidden mode)}
- In address@hidden input, @samp{\begin} and @samp{\end} commands must
-balance. You can use @kbd{C-c C-e} (@code{tex-close-latex-block}) to
-insert automatically a matching @samp{\end} to match the last unmatched
address@hidden It indents the @samp{\end} to match the corresponding
address@hidden It inserts a newline after @samp{\end} if point is at
-the beginning of a line.
+ In address@hidden input, @samp{\begin} and @samp{\end} tags must balance.
+You can use @kbd{C-c C-e} (@code{tex-close-latex-block}) to insert an
address@hidden tag which matches the last unmatched @samp{\begin}. It
+also indents the @samp{\end} to match the corresponding @samp{\begin},
+and inserts a newline after the @samp{\end} tag if point is at the
+beginning of a line.
@node TeX Print
@subsection @TeX{} Printing Commands
- You can invoke @TeX{} as an inferior of Emacs on either the entire
-contents of the buffer or just a region at a time. Running @TeX{} in
-this way on just one chapter is a good way to see what your changes
-look like without taking the time to format the entire file.
+ You can invoke @TeX{} as an subprocess of Emacs, supplying either
+the entire contents of the buffer or just part of it (e.g.@: one
+chapter of a larger document).
@table @kbd
address@hidden C-c C-b
+Invoke @TeX{} on the entire current buffer (@code{tex-buffer}).
@item C-c C-r
Invoke @TeX{} on the current region, together with the buffer's header
(@code{tex-region}).
address@hidden C-c C-b
-Invoke @TeX{} on the entire current buffer (@code{tex-buffer}).
address@hidden C-c C-f
+Invoke @TeX{} on the current file (@code{tex-file}).
+
address@hidden C-c C-v
+Preview the output from the last @kbd{C-c C-r}, @kbd{C-c C-b}, or @kbd{C-c
+C-f} command (@code{tex-view}).
+
address@hidden C-c C-p
+Print the output from the last @kbd{C-c C-b}, @kbd{C-c C-r}, or
address@hidden C-f} command (@code{tex-print}).
+
@item C-c @key{TAB}
Invoke address@hidden on the current file (@code{tex-bibtex-file}).
address@hidden C-c C-f
-Invoke @TeX{} on the current file (@code{tex-file}).
@item C-c C-l
-Recenter the window showing output from the inferior @TeX{} so that
-the last line can be seen (@code{tex-recenter-output-buffer}).
+Recenter the window showing output from @TeX{} so that the last line
+can be seen (@code{tex-recenter-output-buffer}).
@item C-c C-k
Kill the @TeX{} subprocess (@code{tex-kill-job}).
address@hidden C-c C-p
-Print the output from the last @kbd{C-c C-r}, @kbd{C-c C-b}, or @kbd{C-c
-C-f} command (@code{tex-print}).
address@hidden C-c C-v
-Preview the output from the last @kbd{C-c C-r}, @kbd{C-c C-b}, or @kbd{C-c
-C-f} command (@code{tex-view}).
address@hidden C-c C-q
-Show the printer queue (@code{tex-show-print-queue}).
@item C-c C-c
Invoke some other compilation command on the entire current buffer
(@code{tex-compile}).
@@ -1454,49 +1480,51 @@
@findex tex-buffer
@kindex C-c C-b @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
address@hidden tex-view
address@hidden C-c C-v @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
@findex tex-print
@kindex C-c C-p @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
address@hidden tex-view
address@hidden C-c C-v @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
address@hidden tex-show-print-queue
address@hidden C-c C-q @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
- You can pass the current buffer through an inferior @TeX{} by means of
address@hidden C-b} (@code{tex-buffer}). The formatted output appears in a
-temporary file; to print it, type @kbd{C-c C-p} (@code{tex-print}).
-Afterward, you can use @kbd{C-c C-q} (@code{tex-show-print-queue}) to
-view the progress of your output towards being printed. If your terminal
-has the ability to display @TeX{} output files, you can preview the
-output on the terminal with @kbd{C-c C-v} (@code{tex-view}).
+ To pass the current buffer through @TeX{}, type @kbd{C-c C-b}
+(@code{tex-buffer}). The formatted output goes in a temporary file,
+normally a @file{.dvi} file. Afterwards, you can type @kbd{C-c C-v}
+(@code{tex-view}) to launch an external program, such as
address@hidden, to view this output file. You can also type @kbd{C-c
+C-p} (@code{tex-print}) to print a hardcopy of the output file.
@cindex @env{TEXINPUTS} environment variable
@vindex tex-directory
- You can specify the directory to use for running @TeX{} by setting the
-variable @code{tex-directory}. @code{"."} is the default value. If
-your environment variable @env{TEXINPUTS} contains relative directory
-names, or if your files contains @samp{\input} commands with relative
-file names, then @code{tex-directory} @emph{must} be @code{"."} or you
-will get the wrong results. Otherwise, it is safe to specify some other
-directory, such as @code{"/tmp"}.
+ By default, @kbd{C-c C-b} runs @TeX{} in the current directory. The
+output of @TeX{} also goes in this directory. To run @TeX{} in a
+different directory, change the variable @code{tex-directory} to the
+desired directory name. If your environment variable @env{TEXINPUTS}
+contains relative directory names, or if your files contains
address@hidden commands with relative file names, then
address@hidden @emph{must} be @code{"."} or you will get the
+wrong results. Otherwise, it is safe to specify some other directory,
+such as @code{"/tmp"}.
@vindex tex-run-command
@vindex latex-run-command
address@hidden slitex-run-command
address@hidden tex-dvi-view-command
@vindex tex-dvi-print-command
address@hidden tex-dvi-view-command
address@hidden tex-show-queue-command
- If you want to specify which shell commands are used in the inferior @TeX{},
-you can do so by setting the values of the variables @code{tex-run-command},
address@hidden, @code{slitex-run-command},
address@hidden, @code{tex-dvi-view-command}, and
address@hidden The default values may
-(or may not) be appropriate for your system.
+ The buffer's @TeX{} variant determines what shell command @kbd{C-c
+C-b} actually runs. In Plain @TeX{} mode, it is specified by the
+variable @code{tex-run-command}, which defaults to @code{"tex"}. In
address@hidden mode, it is specified by @code{latex-run-command}, which
+defaults to @code{"latex"}. The shell command that @kbd{C-c C-v} runs
+to view the @file{.dvi} output is determined by the variable
address@hidden, regardless of the @TeX{} variant. The
+shell command that @kbd{C-c C-p} runs to print the output is
+determined by the variable @code{tex-dvi-print-command}.
- Normally, the file name given to these commands comes at the end of
-the command string; for example, @samp{latex @var{filename}}. In some
-cases, however, the file name needs to be embedded in the command; an
-example is when you need to provide the file name as an argument to one
-command whose output is piped to another. You can specify where to put
-the file name with @samp{*} in the command string. For example,
+ Normally, Emacs automatically appends the output file name to the
+shell command strings described in the preceding paragraph. For
+example, if @code{tex-dvi-view-command} is @code{"xdvi"}, @kbd{C-c
+C-v} runs @command{xdvi @var{output-file-name}}. In some cases,
+however, the file name needs to be embedded in the command, e.g.@: if
+you need to provide the file name as an argument to one command whose
+output is piped to another. You can specify where to put the file
+name with @samp{*} in the command string. For example,
@example
(setq tex-dvi-print-command "dvips -f * | lpr")
@@ -1506,12 +1534,12 @@
@kindex C-c C-k @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
@findex tex-recenter-output-buffer
@kindex C-c C-l @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
- The terminal output from @TeX{}, including any error messages, appears
-in a buffer called @samp{*tex-shell*}. If @TeX{} gets an error, you can
-switch to this buffer and feed it input (this works as in Shell mode;
address@hidden Shell}). Without switching to this buffer you can
-scroll it so that its last line is visible by typing @kbd{C-c
-C-l}.
+ The terminal output from @TeX{}, including any error messages,
+appears in a buffer called @samp{*tex-shell*}. If @TeX{} gets an
+error, you can switch to this buffer and feed it input (this works as
+in Shell mode; @pxref{Interactive Shell}). Without switching to this
+buffer you can scroll it so that its last line is visible by typing
address@hidden C-l}.
Type @kbd{C-c C-k} (@code{tex-kill-job}) to kill the @TeX{} process if
you see that its output is no longer useful. Using @kbd{C-c C-b} or
@@ -1519,14 +1547,14 @@
@findex tex-region
@kindex C-c C-r @r{(@TeX{} mode)}
- You can also pass an arbitrary region through an inferior @TeX{} by typing
address@hidden C-r} (@code{tex-region}). This is tricky, however, because most
files
-of @TeX{} input contain commands at the beginning to set parameters and
-define macros, without which no later part of the file will format
-correctly. To solve this problem, @kbd{C-c C-r} allows you to designate a
-part of the file as containing essential commands; it is included before
-the specified region as part of the input to @TeX{}. The designated part
-of the file is called the @dfn{header}.
+ You can also pass an arbitrary region through @TeX{} by typing
address@hidden C-r} (@code{tex-region}). This is tricky, however, because
+most files of @TeX{} input contain commands at the beginning to set
+parameters and define macros, without which no later part of the file
+will format correctly. To solve this problem, @kbd{C-c C-r} allows
+you to designate a part of the file as containing essential commands;
+it is included before the specified region as part of the input to
address@hidden The designated part of the file is called the @dfn{header}.
@cindex header (@TeX{} mode)
To indicate the bounds of the header in Plain @TeX{} mode, you insert two
@@ -1624,29 +1652,6 @@
The commands @kbd{M-x iso-iso2tex}, @kbd{M-x iso-tex2iso}, @kbd{M-x
iso-iso2gtex} and @kbd{M-x iso-gtex2iso} can be used to convert
between Latin-1 encoded files and @TeX{}-encoded equivalents.
address@hidden
address@hidden Too cryptic to be useful, too cryptic for me to make it better
-- rms.
- They
-are included by default in the @code{format-alist} variable, so they
-can be used with @kbd{M-x format-find-file}, for instance.
address@hidden ignore
-
address@hidden @c Not worth documenting if it is only for Czech -- rms.
address@hidden tildify-buffer
address@hidden tildify-region
address@hidden ties, @TeX{}, inserting
address@hidden hard spaces, @TeX{}, inserting
- The commands @kbd{M-x tildify-buffer} and @kbd{M-x tildify-region}
-insert @samp{~} (@dfn{tie}) characters where they are conventionally
-required. This is set up for Czech---customize the group
address@hidden for other languages or for other sorts of markup.
address@hidden ignore
-
address@hidden address@hidden package
address@hidden references, address@hidden
address@hidden address@hidden references
- For managing all kinds of references for address@hidden, you can use
address@hidden @inforef{Top,, reftex}.
@node HTML Mode
@section SGML and HTML Modes
@@ -1749,22 +1754,27 @@
@cindex mode, nXML
@findex nxml-mode
@cindex XML schema
- The default mode for editing XML documents is called nXML mode
-(@code{xml-mode} or @code{nxml-mode}). This is a powerful major mode
-that can recognize many existing XML schema and use them to provide
-completion of XML elements via @address@hidden or @address@hidden,
-as well as ``on-the-fly'' XML validation with error highlighting. It
-is described in its own manual. @xref{Top, nXML Mode,,nxml-mode, nXML
-Mode}.
+ The major mode for editing XML documents is called nXML mode. This
+is a powerful major mode that can recognize many existing XML schema
+and use them to provide completion of XML elements via
address@hidden@key{RET}} or @address@hidden, as well as ``on-the-fly'' XML
+validation with error highlighting. To enable nXML mode in an
+existing buffer, type @kbd{M-x nxml-mode}, or, equivalently, @kbd{M-x
+xml-mode}. Emacs uses nXML mode for files which have the extension
address@hidden For XHTML files, which have the extension @file{.xhtml},
+Emacs uses HTML mode by default; you can make it use nXML mode by
+customizing the variable @code{auto-mode-alist} (@pxref{Choosing
+Modes}). nXML mode is described in its own manual: @xref{Top, nXML
+Mode,,nxml-mode, nXML Mode}.
@vindex sgml-xml-mode
- However, you can also use SGML mode to edit XML, since XML is a
-strict subset of SGML. In XML, every opening tag must have an
-explicit closing tag. When the variable @code{sgml-xml-mode} is
address@hidden, the tag insertion commands described above always
-insert explicit closing tags as well. When you visit a file in SGML
-mode, Emacs determines whether it is XML by examining the file
-contents, and sets @code{sgml-xml-mode} accordingly.
+ You may choose to use the less powerful SGML mode for editing XML,
+since XML is a strict subset of SGML. To enable SGML mode in an
+existing buffer, type @kbd{M-x sgml-mode}. On enabling SGML mode,
+Emacs examines the buffer to determine whether it is XML; if so, it
+sets the variable @code{sgml-xml-mode} to a address@hidden value.
+This causes SGML mode's tag insertion commands, described above, to
+always insert explicit closing tags as well.
@node Nroff Mode
@section Nroff Mode
@@ -1815,86 +1825,84 @@
Entering Nroff mode runs the hook @code{text-mode-hook}, followed by
the hook @code{nroff-mode-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}).
address@hidden Formatted Text
address@hidden Editing Formatted Text
-
address@hidden Enriched Text
address@hidden Enriched Text
@cindex Enriched mode
@cindex mode, Enriched
address@hidden formatted text
address@hidden enriched text
@cindex WYSIWYG
@cindex word processing
- @dfn{Enriched mode} is a minor mode for editing files that contain
-formatted text in WYSIWYG fashion, as in a word processor. Currently,
-formatted text in Enriched mode can specify fonts, colors, underlining,
-margins, and types of filling and justification. In the future, we plan
-to implement other formatting features as well.
-
- Enriched mode is a minor mode (@pxref{Minor Modes}). It is
-typically used in conjunction with Text mode (@pxref{Text Mode}), but
-you can also use it with other major modes such as Outline mode and
-Paragraph-Indent Text mode.
-
@cindex text/enriched MIME format
- Potentially, Emacs can store formatted text files in various file
-formats. Currently, only one format is implemented: @dfn{text/enriched}
-format, which is defined by the MIME protocol. @xref{Format
-Conversion,, Format Conversion, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual},
-for details of how Emacs recognizes and converts file formats.
-
- The Emacs distribution contains a formatted text file that can serve as
-an example. Its name is @file{etc/enriched.doc}. It contains samples
-illustrating all the features described in this section. It also
-contains a list of ideas for future enhancements.
+
+ Enriched mode is a minor mode for editing formatted text files in a
+WYSIWYG (``what you see is what you get'') fashion. When Enriched
+mode is enabled, you can apply various formatting properties to the
+text in the buffer, such as fonts and colors; upon saving the buffer,
+those properties are saved together with the text, using the MIME
address@hidden/enriched} file format.
+
+ Enriched mode is typically used with Text mode (@pxref{Text Mode}).
+It is @emph{not} compatible with Font Lock mode, which is used by many
+major modes, including most programming language modes, for syntax
+highlighting (@pxref{Font Lock}). Unlike Enriched mode, Font Lock
+mode assigns text properties automatically, based on the current
+buffer contents; those properties are not saved to disk.
+
+ The file @file{etc/enriched.doc} in the Emacs distribution serves as
+an example of the features of Enriched mode.
@menu
-* Requesting Formatted Text:: Entering and exiting Enriched mode.
-* Hard and Soft Newlines:: There are two different kinds of newlines.
-* Editing Format Info:: How to edit text properties.
-* Faces: Format Faces. Bold, italic, underline, etc.
-* Color: Format Colors. Changing the color of text.
-* Indent: Format Indentation. Changing the left and right margins.
-* Justification: Format Justification.
- Centering, setting text flush with the
- left or right margin, etc.
-* Special: Format Properties. The "special" text properties submenu.
-* Forcing Enriched Mode:: How to force use of Enriched mode.
+* Enriched Mode:: Entering and exiting Enriched mode.
+* Hard and Soft Newlines:: There are two different kinds of newlines.
+* Editing Format Info:: How to edit text properties.
+* Enriched Faces:: Bold, italic, underline, etc.
+* Enriched Indentation:: Changing the left and right margins.
+* Enriched Justification:: Centering, setting text flush with the
+ left or right margin, etc.
+* Enriched Properties:: The "special" text properties submenu.
@end menu
address@hidden Requesting Formatted Text
address@hidden Requesting to Edit Formatted Text
address@hidden Enriched Mode
address@hidden Enriched Mode
- Whenever you visit a file that Emacs saved in the text/enriched
-format, Emacs automatically converts the formatting information in the
-file into Emacs's own internal format (known as @dfn{text
-properties}), and turns on Enriched mode.
+ Enriched mode is a buffer-local minor mode (@pxref{Minor Modes}).
+When you visit a file that has been saved in the @samp{text/enriched}
+format, Emacs automatically enables Enriched mode, and applies the
+formatting information in the file to the buffer text. When you save
+a buffer with Enriched mode enabled, it is saved using the
address@hidden/enriched} format, including the formatting information.
@findex enriched-mode
- To create a new file of formatted text, first visit the nonexistent
-file, then type @kbd{M-x enriched-mode} before you start inserting text.
-This command turns on Enriched mode. Do this before you begin inserting
-text, to ensure that the text you insert is handled properly.
-
- More generally, the command @code{enriched-mode} turns Enriched mode
-on if it was off, and off if it was on. With a prefix argument, this
-command turns Enriched mode on if the argument is positive, and turns
-the mode off otherwise.
-
- When you save a buffer while Enriched mode is enabled in it, Emacs
-automatically converts the text to text/enriched format while writing it
-into the file. When you visit the file again, Emacs will automatically
-recognize the format, reconvert the text, and turn on Enriched mode
-again.
+ To create a new file of formatted text, visit the nonexistent file
+and type @kbd{M-x enriched-mode}. This command actually toggles
+Enriched mode. With a prefix argument, it enables Enriched mode if
+the argument is positive, and disables Enriched mode otherwise. If
+you disable Enriched mode, Emacs no longer saves the buffer using the
address@hidden/enriched} format; any formatting properties that have been
+added to the buffer remain in the buffer, but they are not saved to
+disk.
@vindex enriched-translations
- You can add annotations for saving additional text properties, which
-Emacs normally does not save, by adding to @code{enriched-translations}.
-Note that the text/enriched standard requires any non-standard
-annotations to have names starting with @samp{x-}, as in
address@hidden This ensures that they will not conflict with
-standard annotations that may be added later.
-
- @xref{Text Properties,,, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual},
-for more information about text properties.
+ Enriched mode does not save all Emacs text properties, only those
+specified in the variable @code{enriched-translations}. These include
+properties for fonts, colors, indentation, and justification.
+
address@hidden format-decode-buffer
+ If you visit a file and Emacs fails to recognize that it is in the
address@hidden/enriched} format, type @kbd{M-x format-decode-buffer}.
+This command prompts for a file format, and re-reads the file in that
+format. Specifying the @samp{text/enriched} format automatically
+enables Enriched mode.
+
+ To view a @samp{text/enriched} file in raw form (as plain text with
+markup tags rather than formatted text), use @kbd{M-x
+find-file-literally} (@pxref{Visiting}).
+
+ @xref{Format Conversion,, Format Conversion, elisp, the Emacs Lisp
+Reference Manual}, for details of how Emacs recognizes and converts
+file formats like @samp{text/enriched}. @xref{Text Properties,,,
+elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, for more information about
+text properties.
@node Hard and Soft Newlines
@subsection Hard and Soft Newlines
@@ -1903,56 +1911,44 @@
@cindex newlines, hard and soft
@cindex use-hard-newlines
- In formatted text, Emacs distinguishes between two different kinds of
-newlines, @dfn{hard} newlines and @dfn{soft} newlines. (You can enable
-or disable this feature separately in any buffer with the command
address@hidden)
-
- Hard newlines are used to separate paragraphs, or items in a list, or
-anywhere that there should always be a line break regardless of the
-margins. The @key{RET} command (@code{newline}) and @kbd{C-o}
-(@code{open-line}) insert hard newlines.
-
- Soft newlines are used to make text fit between the margins. All the
-fill commands, including Auto Fill, insert soft newlines---and they
-delete only soft newlines.
-
- Although hard and soft newlines look the same, it is important to bear
-the difference in mind. Do not use @key{RET} to break lines in the
-middle of filled paragraphs, or else you will get hard newlines that are
-barriers to further filling. Instead, let Auto Fill mode break lines,
-so that if the text or the margins change, Emacs can refill the lines
-properly. @xref{Auto Fill}.
-
- On the other hand, in tables and lists, where the lines should always
-remain as you type them, you can use @key{RET} to end lines. For these
-lines, you may also want to set the justification style to
address@hidden @xref{Format Justification}.
+ In Enriched mode, Emacs distinguishes between two different kinds of
+newlines, @dfn{hard} newlines and @dfn{soft} newlines. You can also
+enable or disable this feature in other buffers, by typing @kbd{M-x
+use-hard-newlines}.
+
+ Hard newlines are used to separate paragraphs, or anywhere there
+needs to be a line break regardless of how the text is filled; soft
+newlines are used for filling. The @key{RET} (@code{newline}) and
address@hidden (@code{open-line}) commands insert hard newlines. The fill
+commands, including Auto Fill (@pxref{Auto Fill}), insert only soft
+newlines and delete only soft newlines, leaving hard newlines alone.
+
+ Thus, when editing with Enriched mode, you should not use @key{RET}
+or @kbd{C-o} to break lines in the middle of filled paragraphs. Use
+Auto Fill mode or explicit fill commands (@pxref{Fill Commands})
+instead. Use @key{RET} or @kbd{C-o} where line breaks should always
+remain, such as in tables and lists. For such lines, you may also
+want to set the justification style to @code{unfilled}
+(@pxref{Enriched Justification}).
@node Editing Format Info
@subsection Editing Format Information
- There are two ways to alter the formatting information for a formatted
-text file: with keyboard commands, and with the mouse.
-
- The easiest way to add properties to your document is with the Text
-Properties menu. You can get to this menu in two ways: from the Edit
-menu in the menu bar (use @address@hidden e t} if you have no mouse),
-or with @kbd{C-Mouse-2} (hold the @key{CTRL} key and press the middle
-mouse button). There are also keyboard commands described in the
-following section.
-
- These items in the Text Properties menu run commands directly:
+ The easiest way to alter properties is with the Text Properties
+menu. You can get to this menu from the Edit menu in the menu bar
+(@pxref{Menu Bar}), or with @kbd{C-Mouse-2} (@pxref{Menu Mouse
+Clicks}). Some of the commands in the Text Properties menu are listed
+below (you can also invoke them with @kbd{M-x}):
@table @code
@findex facemenu-remove-face-props
@item Remove Face Properties
-Delete from the region all face and color text properties
+Remove face properties from the region
(@code{facemenu-remove-face-props}).
@findex facemenu-remove-all
@item Remove Text Properties
-Delete @emph{all} text properties from the region
+Remove all text properties from the region, including face properties
(@code{facemenu-remove-all}).
@findex describe-text-properties
@@ -1961,168 +1957,98 @@
@cindex widgets at buffer position
@cindex buttons at buffer position
@item Describe Properties
-List all the text properties, widgets, buttons, and overlays of the
-character following point (@code{describe-text-properties}).
+List all text properties and other information about the character
+following point (@code{describe-text-properties}).
@item Display Faces
-Display a list of all the defined faces (@code{list-faces-display}).
+Display a list of defined faces (@code{list-faces-display}).
address@hidden
@item Display Colors
-Display a list of all the defined colors (@code{list-colors-display}).
+Display a list of defined colors (@code{list-colors-display}).
address@hidden
@end table
address@hidden
- Other items in the Text Properties menu lead to submenus:
-
address@hidden
-* Faces: Format Faces. Bold, italic, underline, etc.
-* Color: Format Colors. Changing the color of text.
-* Indent: Format Indentation. Changing the left and right margins.
-* Justification: Format Justification.
- Centering, setting text flush with the
- left or right margin, etc.
-* Special: Format Properties. The "special" text properties submenu.
address@hidden menu
address@hidden ifinfo
address@hidden
- The rest lead to submenus which are described in the following sections.
address@hidden ifnotinfo
-
address@hidden Format Faces
address@hidden Faces in Formatted Text
-
- The Faces submenu under Text Properties lists various Emacs faces
-including @code{bold}, @code{italic}, and @code{underline}
-(@pxref{Faces}). These menu items operate on the region if it is
-active and nonempty. Otherwise, they specify to use that face for an
-immediately following self-inserting character. There is also an item
address@hidden with which you can enter a face name through the
-minibuffer (@pxref{Standard Faces}).
-
- Instead of the Faces submenu, you can use these keyboard commands:
address@hidden
+The other menu entries are described in the following sections.
+
address@hidden Enriched Faces
address@hidden Faces in Enriched Text
+
+ The following commands can be used to add or remove faces
+(@pxref{Faces}). Each applies to the text in the region if the mark
+is active, and to the next self-inserting character if the mark is
+inactive. With a prefix argument, each command applies to the next
+self-inserting character even if the region is active.
@table @kbd
@kindex M-o d @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex facemenu-set-default
@item M-o d
-Remove all @code{face} properties from the region (which includes
-specified colors), or force the following inserted character to have no
address@hidden property (@code{facemenu-set-default}).
+Remove all @code{face} properties (@code{facemenu-set-default}).
+
@kindex M-o b @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex facemenu-set-bold
@item M-o b
-Add the face @code{bold} to the region or to the following inserted
-character (@code{facemenu-set-bold}).
+Apply the @code{bold} face (@code{facemenu-set-bold}).
+
@kindex M-o i @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex facemenu-set-italic
@item M-o i
-Add the face @code{italic} to the region or to the following inserted
-character (@code{facemenu-set-italic}).
+Apply the @code{italic} face (@code{facemenu-set-italic}).
+
@kindex M-o l @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex facemenu-set-bold-italic
@item M-o l
-Add the face @code{bold-italic} to the region or to the following
-inserted character (@code{facemenu-set-bold-italic}).
+Apply the @code{bold-italic} face (@code{facemenu-set-bold-italic}).
+
@kindex M-o u @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex facemenu-set-underline
@item M-o u
-Add the face @code{underline} to the region or to the following inserted
-character (@code{facemenu-set-underline}).
+Apply the @code{underline} face (@code{facemenu-set-underline}).
+
@kindex M-o o @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex facemenu-set-face
@item M-o o @var{face} @key{RET}
-Add the face @var{face} to the region or to the following inserted
-character (@code{facemenu-set-face}).
address@hidden table
-
- With a prefix argument, all these commands apply to an immediately
-following self-inserting character, disregarding the region.
-
- A self-inserting character normally inherits the @code{face}
-property (and most other text properties) from the preceding character
-in the buffer. If you use the above commands to specify face for the
-next self-inserting character, or the next section's commands to
-specify a foreground or background color for it, then it does not
-inherit the @code{face} property from the preceding character; instead
-it uses whatever you specified. It will still inherit other text
-properties, though.
-
- Strictly speaking, these commands apply only to the first following
-self-inserting character that you type. But if you insert additional
-characters after it, they will inherit from the first one. So it
-appears that these commands apply to all of them.
-
- Enriched mode defines two additional faces: @code{excerpt} and
address@hidden These correspond to codes used in the text/enriched file
-format.
-
- The @code{excerpt} face is intended for quotations. This face is the
-same as @code{italic} unless you customize it (@pxref{Face Customization}).
-
- The @code{fixed} face means, ``Use a fixed-width font for this part
-of the text.'' Applying the @code{fixed} face to a part of the text
-will cause that part of the text to appear in a fixed-width font, even
-if the default font is variable-width. This applies to Emacs and to
-other systems that display text/enriched format. So if you
-specifically want a certain part of the text to use a fixed-width
-font, you should specify the @code{fixed} face for that part.
-
- By default, the @code{fixed} face looks the same as @code{bold}.
-This is an attempt to distinguish it from @code{default}. You may
-wish to customize @code{fixed} to some other fixed-width medium font.
address@hidden Customization}.
-
- If your terminal cannot display different faces, you will not be
-able to see them, but you can still edit documents containing faces,
-and even add faces and colors to documents. The faces you specify
-will be visible when the file is viewed on a terminal that can display
-them.
-
address@hidden Format Colors
address@hidden Colors in Formatted Text
-
- You can specify foreground and background colors for portions of the
-text. Under Text Properties, there is a submenu for specifying the
-foreground color, and a submenu for specifying the background color.
-Each one lists all the colors that you have used in Enriched mode in
-the current Emacs session.
-
- If the region is active, the command applies to the text in the
-region; otherwise, it applies to any immediately following
-self-inserting input. When Transient Mark mode is off
-(@pxref{Disabled Transient Mark}), it always applies to the region
-unless a prefix argument is given, in which case it applies to the
-following input.
-
- Each of the two color submenus contains one additional item:
address@hidden You can use this item to specify a color that is not
-listed in the menu; it reads the color name with the minibuffer. To
-display a list of available colors and their names, use the
address@hidden Colors} menu item in the Text Properties menu
-(@pxref{Editing Format Info}).
-
- Any color that you specify in this way, or that is mentioned in a
-formatted text file that you read in, is added to the corresponding
-color menu for the duration of the Emacs session.
+Apply the face @var{face} (@code{facemenu-set-face}).
@findex facemenu-set-foreground
address@hidden M-x facemenu-set-foreground
+Prompt for a color (@pxref{Colors}), and apply it as a foreground
+color.
+
@findex facemenu-set-background
- There are no predefined key bindings for specifying colors, but you can do so
-with the extended commands @kbd{M-x facemenu-set-foreground} and
address@hidden facemenu-set-background}. Both of these commands read the name
-of the color with the minibuffer.
-
address@hidden Format Indentation
address@hidden Indentation in Formatted Text
-
- When editing formatted text, you can specify different amounts of
-indentation for the right or left margin of an entire paragraph or a
-part of a paragraph. The margins you specify automatically affect the
-Emacs fill commands (@pxref{Filling}) and line-breaking commands.
-
- The Indentation submenu of Text Properties provides a convenient
-interface for specifying these properties. The submenu contains four
-items:
address@hidden M-x facemenu-set-background
+Prompt for a color, and apply it as a background color.
address@hidden table
+
address@hidden
+These command are also available via the Text Properties menu.
+
+ A self-inserting character normally inherits the face properties
+(and most other text properties) from the preceding character in the
+buffer. If you use one of the above commands to specify the face for
+the next self-inserting character, that character will not inherit the
+faces properties from the preceding character, but it will still
+inherit other text properties.
+
+ Enriched mode defines two additional faces: @code{excerpt} and
address@hidden These correspond to codes used in the text/enriched
+file format. The @code{excerpt} face is intended for quotations; by
+default, it appears the same as @code{italic}. The @code{fixed} face
+specifies fixed-width text; by default, it appears the same as
address@hidden
+
address@hidden Enriched Indentation
address@hidden Indentation in Enriched Text
+
+ In Enriched mode, you can specify different amounts of indentation
+for the right or left margin of a paragraph or a part of a paragraph.
+These margins also affect fill commands such as @kbd{M-q}
+(@pxref{Filling}).
+
+ The Indentation submenu of Text Properties provides four commands
+for specifying indentation:
@table @code
@kindex C-x TAB @r{(Enriched mode)}
@@ -2143,44 +2069,20 @@
Remove 4 columns of indentation from the right margin.
@end table
- You can use these commands repeatedly to increase or decrease the
-indentation.
-
- The most common way to use them is to change the indentation of an
-entire paragraph. For other uses, the effects of refilling can be
-hard to predict, except in some special cases like the one described
-next.
-
- The most common other use is to format paragraphs with @dfn{hanging
-indents}, which means that the first line is indented less than
-subsequent lines. To set up a hanging indent, increase the
-indentation of the region starting after the first word of the
-paragraph and running until the end of the paragraph.
-
- Indenting the first line of a paragraph is easier. Set the margin for
-the whole paragraph where you want it to be for the body of the
-paragraph, then indent the first line by inserting extra spaces or tabs.
-
@vindex standard-indent
The variable @code{standard-indent} specifies how many columns these
commands should add to or subtract from the indentation. The default
-value is 4. The overall default right margin for Enriched mode is
-controlled by the variable @code{fill-column}, as usual.
+value is 4. The default right margin for Enriched mode is controlled
+by the variable @code{fill-column}, as usual.
@kindex C-c [ @r{(Enriched mode)}
@kindex C-c ] @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex set-left-margin
@findex set-right-margin
- There are also two commands for setting the left or right margin of
-the region absolutely: @code{set-left-margin} and
address@hidden Enriched mode binds these commands to
address@hidden [} and @kbd{C-c ]}, respectively. You can specify the
-margin width either with a numeric argument or in the minibuffer.
-
- Sometimes, as a result of editing, the filling of a paragraph becomes
-messed up---parts of the paragraph may extend past the left or right
-margins. When this happens, use @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) to
-refill the paragraph.
+ You can also type @kbd{C-c [} (@code{set-left-margin}) and @kbd{C-c
+]} (@code{set-right-margin}) to set the left and right margins. You
+can specify the margin width with a numeric argument; otherwise these
+commands prompt for a value via the minibuffer.
The fill prefix, if any, works in addition to the specified paragraph
indentation: @kbd{C-x .} does not include the specified indentation's
@@ -2188,148 +2090,76 @@
look for the fill prefix after the indentation on each line. @xref{Fill
Prefix}.
address@hidden Format Justification
address@hidden Justification in Formatted Text
-
- When editing formatted text, you can specify various styles of
-justification for a paragraph. The style you specify automatically
-affects the Emacs fill commands.
-
- The Justification submenu of Text Properties provides a convenient
-interface for specifying the style. The submenu contains five items:
-
address@hidden @code
address@hidden Left
-This is the most common style of justification (at least for English).
-Lines are aligned at the left margin but left uneven at the right.
-
address@hidden Right
-This aligns each line with the right margin. Spaces and tabs are added
-on the left, if necessary, to make lines line up on the right.
-
address@hidden Full
-This justifies the text, aligning both edges of each line. Justified
-text looks very nice in a printed book, where the spaces can all be
-adjusted equally, but it does not look as nice with a fixed-width font
-on the screen. Perhaps a future version of Emacs will be able to adjust
-the width of spaces in a line to achieve elegant justification.
-
address@hidden Center
-This centers every line between the current margins.
-
address@hidden Unfilled
-This turns off filling entirely. Each line will remain as you wrote it;
-the fill and auto-fill functions will have no effect on text which has
-this setting. You can, however, still indent the left margin. In
-unfilled regions, all newlines are treated as hard newlines (@pxref{Hard
-and Soft Newlines}) .
address@hidden table
-
- In Enriched mode, you can also specify justification from the keyboard
-using the @kbd{M-j} prefix character:
address@hidden Enriched Justification
address@hidden Justification in Enriched Text
+
+ In Enriched mode, you can use the following commands to specify
+various @dfn{justification styles} for filling. These commands apply
+to the paragraph containing point, or, if the region is active, to all
+paragraphs overlapping the region.
@table @kbd
@kindex M-j l @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex set-justification-left
@item M-j l
-Make the region left-filled (@code{set-justification-left}).
+Align lines to the left margin (@code{set-justification-left}).
+
@kindex M-j r @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex set-justification-right
@item M-j r
-Make the region right-filled (@code{set-justification-right}).
+Align lines to the right margin (@code{set-justification-right}).
+
@kindex M-j b @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex set-justification-full
@item M-j b
-Make the region fully justified (@code{set-justification-full}).
+Align lines to both margins, inserting spaces in the middle of the
+line to achieve this (@code{set-justification-full}).
+
@kindex M-j c @r{(Enriched mode)}
@kindex M-S @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex set-justification-center
@item M-j c
@itemx M-S
-Make the region centered (@code{set-justification-center}).
+Center lines between the margins (@code{set-justification-center}).
+
@kindex M-j u @r{(Enriched mode)}
@findex set-justification-none
@item M-j u
-Make the region unfilled (@code{set-justification-none}).
+Turn off filling entirely (@code{set-justification-none}). The fill
+commands do nothing on text with this setting. You can, however,
+still indent the left margin.
@end table
- Justification styles apply to entire paragraphs. All the
-justification-changing commands operate on the paragraph containing
-point, or, if the region is active, on all paragraphs which overlap the
-region.
+ You can also specify justification styles using the Justification
+submenu in the Text Properties menu.
@vindex default-justification
- The default justification style is specified by the variable
address@hidden Its value should be one of the symbols
address@hidden, @code{right}, @code{full}, @code{center}, or @code{none}.
-This is a per-buffer variable. Setting the variable directly affects
-only the current buffer. However, customizing it in a Custom buffer
-sets (as always) the default value for buffers that do not override it.
address@hidden, and @ref{Easy Customization}.
+ The default justification style is specified by the per-buffer
+variable @code{default-justification}. Its value should be one of the
+symbols @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{full}, @code{center}, or
address@hidden
address@hidden Format Properties
address@hidden Enriched Properties
@subsection Setting Other Text Properties
- The Special Properties submenu of Text Properties can add or remove
-three other useful text properties: @code{read-only}, @code{invisible}
-and @code{intangible}. The @code{intangible} property disallows
-moving point within the text, the @code{invisible} text property hides
-text from display, and the @code{read-only} property disallows
-alteration of the text.
-
- Each of these special properties has a menu item to add it to the
-region. The last menu item, @samp{Remove Special}, removes all of these
-special properties from the text in the region.
-
- Currently, the @code{invisible} and @code{intangible} properties are
address@hidden saved in the text/enriched format. The @code{read-only}
-property is saved, but it is not a standard part of the text/enriched
-format, so other editors may not respect it.
-
address@hidden Forcing Enriched Mode
address@hidden Forcing Enriched Mode
-
- Normally, Emacs knows when you are editing formatted text because it
-recognizes the special annotations used in the file that you visited.
-However, sometimes you must take special actions to convert file
-contents or turn on Enriched mode:
-
address@hidden @bullet
address@hidden
-When you visit a file that was created with some other editor, Emacs may
-not recognize the file as being in the text/enriched format. In this
-case, when you visit the file you will see the formatting commands
-rather than the formatted text. Type @kbd{M-x format-decode-buffer} to
-translate it. This also automatically turns on Enriched mode.
-
address@hidden
-When you @emph{insert} a file into a buffer, rather than visiting it,
-Emacs does the necessary conversions on the text which you insert, but
-it does not enable Enriched mode. If you wish to do that, type @kbd{M-x
-enriched-mode}.
address@hidden itemize
-
- The command @code{format-decode-buffer} translates text in various
-formats into Emacs's internal format. It asks you to specify the format
-to translate from; however, normally you can type just @key{RET}, which
-tells Emacs to guess the format.
-
address@hidden format-find-file
- If you wish to look at a text/enriched file in its raw form, as a
-sequence of characters rather than as formatted text, use the @kbd{M-x
-find-file-literally} command. This visits a file, like
address@hidden, but does not do format conversion. It also inhibits
-character code conversion (@pxref{Coding Systems}) and automatic
-uncompression (@pxref{Compressed Files}). To disable format conversion
-but allow character code conversion and/or automatic uncompression if
-appropriate, use @code{format-find-file} with suitable arguments.
+ The Special Properties submenu of Text Properties has entries for
+adding or removing three other text properties: @code{read-only},
+(which disallows alteration of the text), @code{invisible} (which
+hides text), and @code{intangible} (which disallows moving point
+within the text). The @samp{Remove Special} menu item removes all of
+these special properties from the text in the region.
+
+ The @code{invisible} and @code{intangible} properties are @emph{not}
+saved in the text/enriched format. The @code{read-only} property is
+saved, but it is not a standard part of the text/enriched format, so
+other editors may not respect it.
@node Text Based Tables
@section Editing Text-based Tables
@cindex table mode
@cindex text-based tables
- Table mode provides an easy and intuitive way to create and edit WYSIWYG
+ Table mode provides an easy and intuitive way to create and edit
text-based tables. Here is an example of such a table:
@smallexample
=== modified file 'doc/emacs/xresources.texi'
--- a/doc/emacs/xresources.texi 2011-09-18 20:01:37 +0000
+++ b/doc/emacs/xresources.texi 2011-12-03 16:17:29 +0000
@@ -306,14 +306,14 @@
@item @code{toolBar} (class @code{ToolBar})
@cindex tool bar
Number of lines to reserve for the tool bar. A zero value suppresses
-the tool bar. For the Emacs tool bar (i.e. not Gtk+), if the value is
-non-zero and @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is address@hidden, the tool bar's
-size will be changed automatically so that all tool bar items are visible.
- If the value of @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is @code{grow-only},
-the tool bar expands automatically, but does not contract automatically.
-To contract the tool bar, you must redraw the frame by entering @kbd{C-l}.
-For the Gtk+ tool bar, any non-zero value means on and
address@hidden has no effect.
+the tool bar. For the Emacs tool bar (i.e.@: not Gtk+), if the value
+is non-zero and @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is address@hidden, the
+tool bar's size will be changed automatically so that all tool bar
+items are visible. If the value of @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is
address@hidden, the tool bar expands automatically, but does not
+contract automatically. To contract the tool bar, you must redraw the
+frame by entering @kbd{C-l}. For the Gtk+ tool bar, any non-zero
+value means on and @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} has no effect.
@item @code{useXIM} (class @code{UseXIM})
@cindex XIM
@@ -641,17 +641,18 @@
@node GTK resources
@appendixsec GTK resources
@iftex
- The most common way to customize the GTK widgets Emacs uses (menus, dialogs
-tool bars and scroll bars) is by choosing an appropriate theme, for example
-with the GNOME theme selector.
+ The most common way to customize the GTK widgets Emacs uses (menus,
+dialogs tool bars and scroll bars) is by choosing an appropriate
+theme, for example with the GNOME theme selector.
-You can also do Emacs specific customization
-by inserting GTK style directives in the file @file{~/.emacs.d/gtkrc},
-but only if you have a Gtk+ version earlier than 3 (i.e. 2). Some GTK
-themes ignore customizations in @file{~/.emacs.d/gtkrc} so not everything
-works with all themes. To customize Emacs font, background, faces, etc., use
-the normal X resources (@pxref{Resources}). We will present some examples of
-customizations here, but for a more detailed description, see the online manual
+You can also do Emacs specific customization by inserting GTK style
+directives in the file @file{~/.emacs.d/gtkrc}, but only if you have a
+Gtk+ version earlier than 3 (i.e.@: 2). Some GTK themes ignore
+customizations in @file{~/.emacs.d/gtkrc} so not everything works with
+all themes. To customize Emacs font, background, faces, etc., use the
+normal X resources (@pxref{Resources}). We will present some examples
+of customizations here, but for a more detailed description, see the
+online manual
The first example is just one line. It changes the font on all GTK widgets
to courier with size 12:
@@ -1065,7 +1066,7 @@
This is the default state for widgets.
@item ACTIVE
This is the state for a widget that is ready to do something. It is
-also for the trough of a scroll bar, i.e. @code{bg[ACTIVE] = "red"}
+also for the trough of a scroll bar, i.e.@: @code{bg[ACTIVE] = "red"}
sets the scroll bar trough to red. Buttons that have been pressed but
not released yet (``armed'') are in this state.
@item PRELIGHT
@@ -1109,7 +1110,7 @@
the pixmap file in directories specified in @code{pixmap_path}.
@code{pixmap_path} is a colon-separated list of directories within
double quotes, specified at the top level in a @file{gtkrc} file
-(i.e. not inside a style definition; see example above):
+(i.e.@: not inside a style definition; see example above):
@smallexample
pixmap_path "/usr/share/pixmaps:/usr/include/X11/pixmaps"
@@ -1131,19 +1132,18 @@
syntax. The names are case insensitive.
@end table
- There are three ways to specify a color: by name, in hexadecimal
-form, and with an RGB triplet.
-
address@hidden
-A color name is written within double quotes, for example @code{"red"}.
-
address@hidden
-Hexadecimal form is the same as in X:
address@hidden@address@hidden@var{bbbb}}, where all three color specs
-must have the same number of hex digits (1, 2, 3 or 4).
-
address@hidden
-An RGB triplet looks like @address@hidden @var{r}, @var{g}, @var{b} @}},
+ There are three ways to specify a color: a color name, an RGB
+triplet, or a GTK-style RGB triplet. @xref{Colors}, for a description
+of color names and RGB triplets. Color names should be enclosed with
+double quotes, e.g.@: @samp{"red"}. RGB triplets should be written
+without double quotes, e.g.@: @samp{#ff0000}. GTK-style RGB triplets
+have the form
+
address@hidden
address@hidden@{ @var{r}, @var{g}, @var{b} @}}
address@hidden smallexample
+
address@hidden
where @var{r}, @var{g} and @var{b} are either integers in the range
0-65535 or floats in the range 0.0-1.0.
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- [Emacs-diffs] /srv/bzr/emacs/trunk r106591: More updates to the Text chapter of the Emacs manual, and related nodes.,
Chong Yidong <=