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[Emacs-diffs] Changes to rmail.texi
|
From: |
Glenn Morris |
|
Subject: |
[Emacs-diffs] Changes to rmail.texi |
|
Date: |
Thu, 06 Sep 2007 04:39:54 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /sources/emacs
Module name: emacs
Changes by: Glenn Morris <gm> 07/09/06 04:39:54
Index: rmail.texi
===================================================================
RCS file: rmail.texi
diff -N rmail.texi
--- rmail.texi 11 Apr 2007 20:57:52 -0000 1.39
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,1430 +0,0 @@
address@hidden This is part of the Emacs manual.
address@hidden Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001,
2002,
address@hidden 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
address@hidden See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
address@hidden Rmail, Dired, Sending Mail, Top
address@hidden Reading Mail with Rmail
address@hidden Rmail
address@hidden reading mail
address@hidden rmail
address@hidden rmail-mode
address@hidden rmail-mode-hook
-
- Rmail is an Emacs subsystem for reading and disposing of mail that
-you receive. Rmail stores mail messages in files called Rmail files
-which use a special format. Reading the message in an Rmail file is
-done in a special major mode, Rmail mode, which redefines most letters
-to run commands for managing mail.
address@hidden
-* Basic: Rmail Basics. Basic concepts of Rmail, and simple use.
-* Scroll: Rmail Scrolling. Scrolling through a message.
-* Motion: Rmail Motion. Moving to another message.
-* Deletion: Rmail Deletion. Deleting and expunging messages.
-* Inbox: Rmail Inbox. How mail gets into the Rmail file.
-* Files: Rmail Files. Using multiple Rmail files.
-* Output: Rmail Output. Copying message out to files.
-* Labels: Rmail Labels. Classifying messages by labeling them.
-* Attrs: Rmail Attributes. Certain standard labels, called attributes.
-* Reply: Rmail Reply. Sending replies to messages you are viewing.
-* Summary: Rmail Summary. Summaries show brief info on many messages.
-* Sort: Rmail Sorting. Sorting messages in Rmail.
-* Display: Rmail Display. How Rmail displays a message; customization.
-* Coding: Rmail Coding. How Rmail handles decoding character sets.
-* Editing: Rmail Editing. Editing message text and headers in Rmail.
-* Digest: Rmail Digest. Extracting the messages from a digest message.
-* Out of Rmail:: Converting an Rmail file to mailbox format.
-* Rot13: Rmail Rot13. Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code.
-* Movemail:: More details of fetching new mail.
-* Remote Mailboxes:: Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes.
-* Other Mailbox Formats:: Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in
- Various Formats
address@hidden menu
-
address@hidden Rmail Basics
address@hidden Basic Concepts of Rmail
-
address@hidden primary Rmail file
address@hidden rmail-file-name
- Using Rmail in the simplest fashion, you have one Rmail file
address@hidden/RMAIL} in which all of your mail is saved. It is called your
address@hidden Rmail file}. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} reads your primary
-Rmail file, merges new mail in from your inboxes, displays the first
-message you haven't read yet, and lets you begin reading. The variable
address@hidden specifies the name of the primary Rmail file.
-
- Rmail uses narrowing to hide all but one message in the Rmail file.
-The message that is shown is called the @dfn{current message}. Rmail
-mode's special commands can do such things as delete the current
-message, copy it into another file, send a reply, or move to another
-message. You can also create multiple Rmail files and use Rmail to move
-messages between them.
-
address@hidden message number
- Within the Rmail file, messages are normally arranged sequentially in
-order of receipt; you can specify other ways to sort them. Messages are
-identified by consecutive integers which are their @dfn{message numbers}.
-The number of the current message is displayed in Rmail's mode line,
-followed by the total number of messages in the file. You can move to
-a message by specifying its message number with the @kbd{j} key
-(@pxref{Rmail Motion}).
-
address@hidden s @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-expunge-and-save
- Following the usual conventions of Emacs, changes in an Rmail file
-become permanent only when you save the file. You can save it with
address@hidden (@code{rmail-expunge-and-save}), which also expunges deleted
-messages from the file first (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}). To save the
-file without expunging, use @kbd{C-x C-s}. Rmail also saves the Rmail
-file after merging new mail from an inbox file (@pxref{Rmail Inbox}).
-
address@hidden q @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-quit
address@hidden b @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-bury
- You can exit Rmail with @kbd{q} (@code{rmail-quit}); this expunges
-and saves the Rmail file, then buries the Rmail buffer as well as its
-summary buffer, if present (@pxref{Rmail Summary}). But there is no
-need to ``exit'' formally. If you switch from Rmail to editing in
-other buffers, and never switch back, you have exited. Just make sure
-to save the Rmail file eventually (like any other file you have
-changed). @kbd{C-x s} is a suitable way to do this (@pxref{Save
-Commands}). The Rmail command @kbd{b}, @code{rmail-bury}, buries the
-Rmail buffer and its summary buffer without expunging and saving the
-Rmail file.
-
address@hidden Rmail Scrolling
address@hidden Scrolling Within a Message
-
- When Rmail displays a message that does not fit on the screen, you
-must scroll through it to read the rest. You could do this with
address@hidden, @kbd{M-v} and @kbd{M-<}, but in Rmail scrolling is so
-frequent that it deserves to be easier.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden @key{SPC}
-Scroll forward (@code{scroll-up}).
address@hidden @key{DEL}
-Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}).
address@hidden .
-Scroll to start of message (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}).
address@hidden /
-Scroll to end of message (@code{rmail-end-of-message}).
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden SPC @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden DEL @r{(Rmail)}
- Since the most common thing to do while reading a message is to scroll
-through it by screenfuls, Rmail makes @key{SPC} and @key{DEL} synonyms of
address@hidden (@code{scroll-up}) and @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down})
-
address@hidden . @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden / @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-beginning-of-message
address@hidden rmail-end-of-message
- The command @kbd{.} (@code{rmail-beginning-of-message}) scrolls back to the
-beginning of the selected message. This is not quite the same as @kbd{M-<}:
-for one thing, it does not set the mark; for another, it resets the buffer
-boundaries to the current message if you have changed them. Similarly,
-the command @kbd{/} (@code{rmail-end-of-message}) scrolls forward to the end
-of the selected message.
-
address@hidden Rmail Motion
address@hidden Moving Among Messages
-
- The most basic thing to do with a message is to read it. The way to
-do this in Rmail is to make the message current. The usual practice is
-to move sequentially through the file, since this is the order of
-receipt of messages. When you enter Rmail, you are positioned at the
-first message that you have not yet made current (that is, the first one
-that has the @samp{unseen} attribute; @pxref{Rmail Attributes}). Move
-forward to see the other new messages; move backward to re-examine old
-messages.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden n
-Move to the next nondeleted message, skipping any intervening deleted
-messages (@code{rmail-next-undeleted-message}).
address@hidden p
-Move to the previous nondeleted message
-(@code{rmail-previous-undeleted-message}).
address@hidden M-n
-Move to the next message, including deleted messages
-(@code{rmail-next-message}).
address@hidden M-p
-Move to the previous message, including deleted messages
-(@code{rmail-previous-message}).
address@hidden j
-Move to the first message. With argument @var{n}, move to
-message number @var{n} (@code{rmail-show-message}).
address@hidden >
-Move to the last message (@code{rmail-last-message}).
address@hidden <
-Move to the first message (@code{rmail-first-message}).
-
address@hidden M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET}
-Move to the next message containing a match for @var{regexp}
-(@code{rmail-search}).
-
address@hidden - M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET}
-Move to the previous message containing a match for @var{regexp}.
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden n @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden p @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden M-n @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden M-p @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-next-undeleted-message
address@hidden rmail-previous-undeleted-message
address@hidden rmail-next-message
address@hidden rmail-previous-message
- @kbd{n} and @kbd{p} are the usual way of moving among messages in
-Rmail. They move through the messages sequentially, but skip over
-deleted messages, which is usually what you want to do. Their command
-definitions are named @code{rmail-next-undeleted-message} and
address@hidden If you do not want to skip
-deleted messages---for example, if you want to move to a message to
-undelete it---use the variants @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p}
-(@code{rmail-next-message} and @code{rmail-previous-message}). A
-numeric argument to any of these commands serves as a repeat
-count.
-
- In Rmail, you can specify a numeric argument by typing just the
-digits. You don't need to type @kbd{C-u} first.
-
address@hidden M-s @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-search
address@hidden searching in Rmail
- The @kbd{M-s} (@code{rmail-search}) command is Rmail's version of
-search. The usual incremental search command @kbd{C-s} works in Rmail,
-but it searches only within the current message. The purpose of
address@hidden is to search for another message. It reads a regular
-expression (@pxref{Regexps}) nonincrementally, then searches starting at
-the beginning of the following message for a match. It then selects
-that message. If @var{regexp} is empty, @kbd{M-s} reuses the regexp
-used the previous time.
-
- To search backward in the file for another message, give @kbd{M-s} a
-negative argument. In Rmail you can do this with @kbd{- M-s}.
-
- It is also possible to search for a message based on labels.
address@hidden Labels}.
-
address@hidden j @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden > @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden < @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-show-message
address@hidden rmail-last-message
address@hidden rmail-first-message
- To move to a message specified by absolute message number, use @kbd{j}
-(@code{rmail-show-message}) with the message number as argument. With
-no argument, @kbd{j} selects the first message. @kbd{<}
-(@code{rmail-first-message}) also selects the first message. @kbd{>}
-(@code{rmail-last-message}) selects the last message.
-
address@hidden Rmail Deletion
address@hidden Deleting Messages
-
address@hidden deletion (Rmail)
- When you no longer need to keep a message, you can @dfn{delete} it. This
-flags it as ignorable, and some Rmail commands pretend it is no longer
-present; but it still has its place in the Rmail file, and still has its
-message number.
-
address@hidden expunging (Rmail)
- @dfn{Expunging} the Rmail file actually removes the deleted messages.
-The remaining messages are renumbered consecutively. Expunging is the only
-action that changes the message number of any message, except for
-undigestifying (@pxref{Rmail Digest}).
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden d
-Delete the current message, and move to the next nondeleted message
-(@code{rmail-delete-forward}).
address@hidden C-d
-Delete the current message, and move to the previous nondeleted
-message (@code{rmail-delete-backward}).
address@hidden u
-Undelete the current message, or move back to a deleted message and
-undelete it (@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}).
address@hidden x
-Expunge the Rmail file (@code{rmail-expunge}).
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden d @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden C-d @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-delete-forward
address@hidden rmail-delete-backward
- There are two Rmail commands for deleting messages. Both delete the
-current message and select another message. @kbd{d}
-(@code{rmail-delete-forward}) moves to the following message, skipping
-messages already deleted, while @kbd{C-d} (@code{rmail-delete-backward})
-moves to the previous nondeleted message. If there is no nondeleted
-message to move to in the specified direction, the message that was just
-deleted remains current. @kbd{d} with a numeric argument is
-equivalent to @kbd{C-d}.
-
address@hidden rmail-delete-message-hook
- Whenever Rmail deletes a message, it runs the hook
address@hidden When the hook functions are invoked,
-the message has been marked deleted, but it is still the current message
-in the Rmail buffer.
-
address@hidden undeletion (Rmail)
address@hidden x @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-expunge
address@hidden u @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-undelete-previous-message
- To make all the deleted messages finally vanish from the Rmail file,
-type @kbd{x} (@code{rmail-expunge}). Until you do this, you can still
address@hidden the deleted messages. The undeletion command, @kbd{u}
-(@code{rmail-undelete-previous-message}), is designed to cancel the
-effect of a @kbd{d} command in most cases. It undeletes the current
-message if the current message is deleted. Otherwise it moves backward
-to previous messages until a deleted message is found, and undeletes
-that message.
-
- You can usually undo a @kbd{d} with a @kbd{u} because the @kbd{u}
-moves back to and undeletes the message that the @kbd{d} deleted. But
-this does not work when the @kbd{d} skips a few already-deleted messages
-that follow the message being deleted; then the @kbd{u} command
-undeletes the last of the messages that were skipped. There is no clean
-way to avoid this problem. However, by repeating the @kbd{u} command,
-you can eventually get back to the message that you intend to
-undelete. You can also select a particular deleted message with
-the @kbd{M-p} command, then type @kbd{u} to undelete it.
-
- A deleted message has the @samp{deleted} attribute, and as a result
address@hidden appears in the mode line when the current message is
-deleted. In fact, deleting or undeleting a message is nothing more than
-adding or removing this attribute. @xref{Rmail Attributes}.
-
address@hidden Rmail Inbox
address@hidden Rmail Files and Inboxes
address@hidden inbox file
-
- When you receive mail locally, the operating system places incoming
-mail for you in a file that we call your @dfn{inbox}. When you start
-up Rmail, it runs a C program called @code{movemail} to copy the new
-messages from your local inbox into your primary Rmail file, which
-also contains other messages saved from previous Rmail sessions. It
-is in this file that you actually read the mail with Rmail. This
-operation is called @dfn{getting new mail}. You can get new mail at
-any time in Rmail by typing @kbd{g}.
-
address@hidden rmail-primary-inbox-list
address@hidden @env{MAIL} environment variable
- The variable @code{rmail-primary-inbox-list} contains a list of the
-files which are inboxes for your primary Rmail file. If you don't set
-this variable explicitly, it is initialized from the @env{MAIL}
-environment variable, or, as a last resort, set to @code{nil}, which
-means to use the default inbox. The default inbox file depends on
-your operating system; often it is @file{/var/mail/@var{username}},
address@hidden/usr/spool/mail/@var{username}}, or
address@hidden/usr/mail/@var{username}}.
-
- You can specify the inbox file(s) for any Rmail file with the
-command @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}; see @ref{Rmail Files}.
-
- There are two reasons for having separate Rmail files and inboxes.
-
address@hidden
address@hidden
-The inbox file format varies between operating systems and according to
-the other mail software in use. Only one part of Rmail needs to know
-about the alternatives, and it need only understand how to convert all
-of them to Rmail's own format.
-
address@hidden
-It is very cumbersome to access an inbox file without danger of losing
-mail, because it is necessary to interlock with mail delivery.
-Moreover, different operating systems use different interlocking
-techniques. The strategy of moving mail out of the inbox once and for
-all into a separate Rmail file avoids the need for interlocking in all
-the rest of Rmail, since only Rmail operates on the Rmail file.
address@hidden enumerate
-
- Rmail was written to use Babyl format as its internal format. Since
-then, we have recognized that the usual inbox format on Unix and GNU
-systems is adequate for the job, and we plan to change Rmail to use that
-as its internal format. However, the Rmail file will still be separate
-from the inbox file, even when their format is the same.
-
address@hidden rmail-preserve-inbox
- When getting new mail, Rmail first copies the new mail from the
-inbox file to the Rmail file; then it saves the Rmail file; then it
-clears out the inbox file. This way, a system crash may cause
-duplication of mail between the inbox and the Rmail file, but cannot
-lose mail. If @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} is address@hidden, then
-Rmail does not clear out the inbox file when it gets new mail. You
-may wish to set this, for example, on a portable computer you use to
-check your mail via POP while traveling, so that your mail will remain
-on the server and you can save it later on your workstation.
-
- In some cases, Rmail copies the new mail from the inbox file
-indirectly. First it runs the @code{movemail} program to move the mail
-from the inbox to an intermediate file called
address@hidden/address@hidden Then Rmail merges the new mail from
-that file, saves the Rmail file, and only then deletes the intermediate
-file. If there is a crash at the wrong time, this file continues to
-exist, and Rmail will use it again the next time it gets new mail from
-that inbox.
-
- If Rmail is unable to convert the data in
address@hidden/address@hidden into Babyl format, it renames the file
-to @file{~/address@hidden (@var{n} is an integer chosen to make the
-name unique) so that Rmail will not have trouble with the data again.
-You should look at the file, find whatever message confuses Rmail
-(probably one that includes the control-underscore character, octal code
-037), and delete it. Then you can use @kbd{1 g} to get new mail from
-the corrected file.
-
address@hidden Rmail Files
address@hidden Multiple Rmail Files
-
- Rmail operates by default on your @dfn{primary Rmail file}, which is named
address@hidden/RMAIL} and receives your incoming mail from your system inbox
file.
-But you can also have other Rmail files and edit them with Rmail. These
-files can receive mail through their own inboxes, or you can move messages
-into them with explicit Rmail commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}).
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden i @var{file} @key{RET}
-Read @var{file} into Emacs and run Rmail on it (@code{rmail-input}).
-
address@hidden M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files} @key{RET}
-Specify inbox file names for current Rmail file to get mail from.
-
address@hidden g
-Merge new mail from current Rmail file's inboxes
-(@code{rmail-get-new-mail}).
-
address@hidden C-u g @var{file} @key{RET}
-Merge new mail from inbox file @var{file}.
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden i @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-input
- To run Rmail on a file other than your primary Rmail file, you can use
-the @kbd{i} (@code{rmail-input}) command in Rmail. This visits the file
-in Rmail mode. You can use @kbd{M-x rmail-input} even when not in
-Rmail, but it is easier to type @kbd{C-u M-x rmail}, which does the
-same thing.
-
- The file you read with @kbd{i} should normally be a valid Rmail file.
-If it is not, Rmail tries to decompose it into a stream of messages in
-various known formats. If it succeeds, it converts the whole file to an
-Rmail file. If you specify a file name that doesn't exist, @kbd{i}
-initializes a new buffer for creating a new Rmail file.
-
address@hidden rmail-secondary-file-directory
address@hidden rmail-secondary-file-regexp
- You can also select an Rmail file from a menu. In the Classify menu,
-choose the Input Rmail File item; then choose the Rmail file you want.
-The variables @code{rmail-secondary-file-directory} and
address@hidden specify which files to offer in the
-menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the
-second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that
-match the regular expression). These variables also apply to choosing
-a file for output (@pxref{Rmail Output}).
-
address@hidden set-rmail-inbox-list
- Each Rmail file can contain a list of inbox file names; you can specify
-this list with @kbd{M-x set-rmail-inbox-list @key{RET} @var{files}
address@hidden The argument can contain any number of file names, separated
-by commas. It can also be empty, which specifies that this file should
-have no inboxes. Once you specify a list of inboxes in an Rmail file,
-the Rmail file remembers it permanently until you specify a different list.
-
- As a special exception, if your primary Rmail file does not specify any
-inbox files, it uses your standard system inbox.
-
address@hidden g @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-get-new-mail
- The @kbd{g} command (@code{rmail-get-new-mail}) merges mail into the
-current Rmail file from its inboxes. If the Rmail file has no
-inboxes, @kbd{g} does nothing. The command @kbd{M-x rmail} also
-merges new mail into your primary Rmail file.
-
- To merge mail from a file that is not the usual inbox, give the
address@hidden key a numeric argument, as in @kbd{C-u g}. Then it reads a file
-name and merges mail from that file. The inbox file is not deleted or
-changed in any way when @kbd{g} with an argument is used. This is,
-therefore, a general way of merging one file of messages into another.
-
address@hidden Rmail Output
address@hidden Copying Messages Out to Files
-
- These commands copy messages from an Rmail file into another file.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden o @var{file} @key{RET}
-Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using Rmail
-file format by default (@code{rmail-output-to-rmail-file}).
-
address@hidden C-o @var{file} @key{RET}
-Append a copy of the current message to the file @var{file}, using
-system inbox file format by default (@code{rmail-output}).
-
address@hidden w @var{file} @key{RET}
-Output just the message body to the file @var{file}, taking the default
-file name from the message @samp{Subject} header.
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden o @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-output-to-rmail-file
address@hidden C-o @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-output
- The commands @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} copy the current message into a
-specified file. This file may be an Rmail file or it may be in system
-inbox format; the output commands ascertain the file's format and write
-the copied message in that format.
-
- The @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} commands differ in two ways: each has its
-own separate default file name, and each specifies a choice of format to
-use when the file does not already exist. The @kbd{o} command uses
-Rmail format when it creates a new file, while @kbd{C-o} uses system
-inbox format for a new file. The default file name for @kbd{o} is the
-file name used last with @kbd{o}, and the default file name for
address@hidden is the file name used last with @kbd{C-o}.
-
- If the output file is an Rmail file currently visited in an Emacs buffer,
-the output commands copy the message into that buffer. It is up to you
-to save the buffer eventually in its file.
-
address@hidden w @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-output-body-to-file
- Sometimes you may receive a message whose body holds the contents of a
-file. You can save the body to a file (excluding the message header)
-with the @kbd{w} command (@code{rmail-output-body-to-file}). Often
-these messages contain the intended file name in the @samp{Subject}
-field, so the @kbd{w} command uses the @samp{Subject} field as the
-default for the output file name. However, the file name is read using
-the minibuffer, so you can specify a different name if you wish.
-
- You can also output a message to an Rmail file chosen with a menu.
-In the Classify menu, choose the Output Rmail File menu item; then
-choose the Rmail file you want. This outputs the current message to
-that file, like the @kbd{o} command. The variables
address@hidden and
address@hidden specify which files to offer in the
-menu: the first variable says which directory to find them in; the
-second says which files in that directory to offer (all those that
-match the regular expression).
-
address@hidden rmail-delete-after-output
- Copying a message with @kbd{o} or @kbd{C-o} gives the original copy
-of the message the @samp{filed} attribute, so that @samp{filed}
-appears in the mode line when such a message is current. @kbd{w}
-gives it the @samp{stored} attribute. If you like to keep just a
-single copy of every mail message, set the variable
address@hidden to @code{t}; then the @kbd{o},
address@hidden and @kbd{w} commands delete the original message after
-copying it. (You can undelete the original afterward if you wish.)
-
- Copying messages into files in system inbox format uses the header
-fields that are displayed in Rmail at the time. Thus, if you use the
address@hidden command to view the entire header and then copy the message, the
-entire header is copied. @xref{Rmail Display}.
-
address@hidden rmail-output-file-alist
- The variable @code{rmail-output-file-alist} lets you specify
-intelligent defaults for the output file, based on the contents of the
-current message. The value should be a list whose elements have this
-form:
-
address@hidden
-(@var{regexp} . @var{name-exp})
address@hidden example
-
address@hidden
-If there's a match for @var{regexp} in the current message, then the
-default file name for output is @var{name-exp}. If multiple elements
-match the message, the first matching element decides the default file
-name. The subexpression @var{name-exp} may be a string constant giving
-the file name to use, or more generally it may be any Lisp expression
-that returns a file name as a string. @code{rmail-output-file-alist}
-applies to both @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o}.
-
address@hidden Rmail Labels
address@hidden Labels
address@hidden label (Rmail)
address@hidden attribute (Rmail)
-
- Each message can have various @dfn{labels} assigned to it as a means
-of classification. Each label has a name; different names are different
-labels. Any given label is either present or absent on a particular
-message. A few label names have standard meanings and are given to
-messages automatically by Rmail when appropriate; these special labels
-are called @dfn{attributes}.
address@hidden
-(@xref{Rmail Attributes}.)
address@hidden ifnottex
-All other labels are assigned only by users.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden a @var{label} @key{RET}
-Assign the label @var{label} to the current message (@code{rmail-add-label}).
address@hidden k @var{label} @key{RET}
-Remove the label @var{label} from the current message
(@code{rmail-kill-label}).
address@hidden C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET}
-Move to the next message that has one of the labels @var{labels}
-(@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}).
address@hidden C-M-p @var{labels} @key{RET}
-Move to the previous message that has one of the labels @var{labels}
-(@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}).
address@hidden l @var{labels} @key{RET}
address@hidden C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}
-Make a summary of all messages containing any of the labels @var{labels}
-(@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}).
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden a @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden k @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-add-label
address@hidden rmail-kill-label
- The @kbd{a} (@code{rmail-add-label}) and @kbd{k}
-(@code{rmail-kill-label}) commands allow you to assign or remove any
-label on the current message. If the @var{label} argument is empty, it
-means to assign or remove the same label most recently assigned or
-removed.
-
- Once you have given messages labels to classify them as you wish, there
-are two ways to use the labels: in moving and in summaries.
-
address@hidden C-M-n @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden C-M-p @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-next-labeled-message
address@hidden rmail-previous-labeled-message
- The command @kbd{C-M-n @var{labels} @key{RET}}
-(@code{rmail-next-labeled-message}) moves to the next message that has
-one of the labels @var{labels}. The argument @var{labels} specifies one
-or more label names, separated by commas. @kbd{C-M-p}
-(@code{rmail-previous-labeled-message}) is similar, but moves backwards
-to previous messages. A numeric argument to either command serves as a
-repeat count.
-
- The command @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}}
-(@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) displays a summary containing only the
-messages that have at least one of a specified set of labels. The
-argument @var{labels} is one or more label names, separated by commas.
address@hidden Summary}, for information on summaries.
-
- If the @var{labels} argument to @kbd{C-M-n}, @kbd{C-M-p} or
address@hidden is empty, it means to use the last set of labels specified
-for any of these commands.
-
address@hidden Rmail Attributes
address@hidden Rmail Attributes
-
- Some labels such as @samp{deleted} and @samp{filed} have built-in
-meanings, and Rmail assigns them to messages automatically at
-appropriate times; these labels are called @dfn{attributes}. Here is
-a list of Rmail attributes:
-
address@hidden @samp
address@hidden unseen
-Means the message has never been current. Assigned to messages when
-they come from an inbox file, and removed when a message is made
-current. When you start Rmail, it initially shows the first message
-that has this attribute.
address@hidden deleted
-Means the message is deleted. Assigned by deletion commands and
-removed by undeletion commands (@pxref{Rmail Deletion}).
address@hidden filed
-Means the message has been copied to some other file. Assigned by the
address@hidden and @kbd{C-o} file output commands (@pxref{Rmail Output}).
address@hidden stored
-Assigned by the @kbd{w} file output command (@pxref{Rmail Output}).
address@hidden answered
-Means you have mailed an answer to the message. Assigned by the @kbd{r}
-command (@code{rmail-reply}). @xref{Rmail Reply}.
address@hidden forwarded
-Means you have forwarded the message. Assigned by the @kbd{f} command
-(@code{rmail-forward}). @xref{Rmail Reply}.
address@hidden edited
-Means you have edited the text of the message within Rmail.
address@hidden Editing}.
address@hidden resent
-Means you have resent the message. Assigned by the command @kbd{M-x
-rmail-resend}. @xref{Rmail Reply}.
address@hidden table
-
- All other labels are assigned or removed only by users, and have no
-standard meaning.
-
address@hidden Rmail Reply
address@hidden Sending Replies
-
- Rmail has several commands that use Mail mode to send outgoing mail.
address@hidden Mail}, for information on using Mail mode, including
-certain features meant to work with Rmail. What this section documents
-are the special commands of Rmail for entering Mail mode. Note that the
-usual keys for sending address@hidden m}, @kbd{C-x 4 m}, and @kbd{C-x 5
-m}---also work normally in Rmail mode.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden m
-Send a message (@code{rmail-mail}).
address@hidden c
-Continue editing the already started outgoing message (@code{rmail-continue}).
address@hidden r
-Send a reply to the current Rmail message (@code{rmail-reply}).
address@hidden f
-Forward the current message to other users (@code{rmail-forward}).
address@hidden C-u f
-Resend the current message to other users (@code{rmail-resend}).
address@hidden M-m
-Try sending a bounced message a second time (@code{rmail-retry-failure}).
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden r @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-reply
address@hidden reply to a message
- The most common reason to send a message while in Rmail is to reply
-to the message you are reading. To do this, type @kbd{r}
-(@code{rmail-reply}). This displays the @samp{*mail*} buffer in
-another window, much like @kbd{C-x 4 m}, but preinitializes the
address@hidden, @samp{To}, @samp{CC}, @samp{In-reply-to} and
address@hidden header fields based on the message you are replying
-to. The @samp{To} field starts out as the address of the person who
-sent the message you received, and the @samp{CC} field starts out with
-all the other recipients of that message.
-
address@hidden rmail-dont-reply-to-names
- You can exclude certain recipients from being placed automatically in
-the @samp{CC}, using the variable @code{rmail-dont-reply-to-names}. Its
-value should be a regular expression (as a string); any recipient that
-the regular expression matches, is excluded from the @samp{CC} field.
-The default value matches your own name, and any name starting with
address@hidden (Those names are excluded because there is a convention
-of using them for large mailing lists to broadcast announcements.)
-
- To omit the @samp{CC} field completely for a particular reply, enter
-the reply command with a numeric argument: @kbd{C-u r} or @kbd{1 r}.
-This means to reply only to the sender of the original message.
-
- Once the @samp{*mail*} buffer has been initialized, editing and
-sending the mail goes as usual (@pxref{Sending Mail}). You can edit the
-presupplied header fields if they are not what you want. You can also
-use the commands of Mail mode (@pxref{Mail Mode}), including @kbd{C-c
-C-y} which yanks in the message that you are replying to. You can
-also switch to the Rmail buffer, select a different message there, switch
-back, and yank the new current message.
-
address@hidden M-m @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-retry-failure
address@hidden retrying a failed message
address@hidden rmail-retry-ignored-headers
- Sometimes a message does not reach its destination. Mailers usually
-send the failed message back to you, enclosed in a @dfn{failure
-message}. The Rmail command @kbd{M-m} (@code{rmail-retry-failure})
-prepares to send the same message a second time: it sets up a
address@hidden buffer with the same text and header fields as before. If
-you type @kbd{C-c C-c} right away, you send the message again exactly
-the same as the first time. Alternatively, you can edit the text or
-headers and then send it. The variable
address@hidden, in the same format as
address@hidden (@pxref{Rmail Display}), controls which
-headers are stripped from the failed message when retrying it.
-
address@hidden f @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-forward
address@hidden forwarding a message
- Another frequent reason to send mail in Rmail is to @dfn{forward} the
-current message to other users. @kbd{f} (@code{rmail-forward}) makes
-this easy by preinitializing the @samp{*mail*} buffer with the current
-message as the text, and a subject designating a forwarded message. All
-you have to do is fill in the recipients and send. When you forward a
-message, recipients get a message which is ``from'' you, and which has
-the original message in its contents.
-
address@hidden unforward-rmail-message
- Forwarding a message encloses it between two delimiter lines. It also
-modifies every line that starts with a dash, by inserting @address@hidden }}
-at the start of the line. When you receive a forwarded message, if it
-contains something besides ordinary text---for example, program source
-code---you might find it useful to undo that transformation. You can do
-this by selecting the forwarded message and typing @kbd{M-x
-unforward-rmail-message}. This command extracts the original forwarded
-message, deleting the inserted @address@hidden }} strings, and inserts it
-into the Rmail file as a separate message immediately following the
-current one.
-
address@hidden rmail-resend
- @dfn{Resending} is an alternative similar to forwarding; the
-difference is that resending sends a message that is ``from'' the
-original sender, just as it reached you---with a few added header fields
address@hidden and @samp{Resent-To} to indicate that it came via
-you. To resend a message in Rmail, use @kbd{C-u f}. (@kbd{f} runs
address@hidden, which is programmed to invoke @code{rmail-resend}
-if you provide a numeric argument.)
-
address@hidden m @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-mail
- The @kbd{m} (@code{rmail-mail}) command is used to start editing an
-outgoing message that is not a reply. It leaves the header fields empty.
-Its only difference from @kbd{C-x 4 m} is that it makes the Rmail buffer
-accessible for @kbd{C-c C-y}, just as @kbd{r} does. Thus, @kbd{m} can be
-used to reply to or forward a message; it can do anything @kbd{r} or @kbd{f}
-can do.
-
address@hidden c @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-continue
- The @kbd{c} (@code{rmail-continue}) command resumes editing the
address@hidden buffer, to finish editing an outgoing message you were
-already composing, or to alter a message you have sent.
-
address@hidden rmail-mail-new-frame
- If you set the variable @code{rmail-mail-new-frame} to a
address@hidden value, then all the Rmail commands to start sending a
-message create a new frame to edit it in. This frame is deleted when
-you send the message, or when you use the @samp{Cancel} item in the
address@hidden menu.
-
- All the Rmail commands to send a message use the mail-composition
-method that you have chosen (@pxref{Mail Methods}).
-
address@hidden Rmail Summary
address@hidden Summaries
address@hidden summary (Rmail)
-
- A @dfn{summary} is a buffer containing one line per message to give
-you an overview of the mail in an Rmail file. Each line shows the
-message number and date, the sender, the line count, the labels, and
-the subject. Moving point in the summary buffer selects messages as
-you move to their summary lines. Almost all Rmail commands are valid
-in the summary buffer also; when used there, they apply to the message
-described by the current line of the summary.
-
- A summary buffer applies to a single Rmail file only; if you are
-editing multiple Rmail files, each one can have its own summary buffer.
-The summary buffer name is made by appending @samp{-summary} to the
-Rmail buffer's name. Normally only one summary buffer is displayed at a
-time.
-
address@hidden
-* Rmail Make Summary:: Making various sorts of summaries.
-* Rmail Summary Edit:: Manipulating messages from the summary.
address@hidden menu
-
address@hidden Rmail Make Summary
address@hidden Making Summaries
-
- Here are the commands to create a summary for the current Rmail file.
-Once the Rmail file has a summary buffer, changes in the Rmail file
-(such as deleting or expunging messages, and getting new mail)
-automatically update the summary.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden h
address@hidden C-M-h
-Summarize all messages (@code{rmail-summary}).
address@hidden l @var{labels} @key{RET}
address@hidden C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}
-Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified labels
-(@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}).
address@hidden C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET}
-Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified recipients
-(@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients}).
address@hidden C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET}
-Summarize messages that have a match for the specified regexp
address@hidden in their subjects (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic}).
address@hidden C-M-s @var{regexp}
-Summarize messages whose headers and the subject line match the
-specified regular expression @var{regexp}
-(@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp}).
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden h @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-summary
- The @kbd{h} or @kbd{C-M-h} (@code{rmail-summary}) command fills the summary
buffer
-for the current Rmail file with a summary of all the messages in the file.
-It then displays and selects the summary buffer in another window.
-
address@hidden l @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden C-M-l @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-summary-by-labels
- @kbd{C-M-l @var{labels} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-labels}) makes
-a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more of the
-labels @var{labels}. @var{labels} should contain label names separated by
-commas.
-
address@hidden C-M-r @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-summary-by-recipients
- @kbd{C-M-r @var{rcpts} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-recipients})
-makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more
-of the recipients @var{rcpts}. @var{rcpts} should contain mailing
-addresses separated by commas.
-
address@hidden C-M-t @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-summary-by-topic
- @kbd{C-M-t @var{topic} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-topic})
-makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages whose subjects have
-a match for the regular expression @var{topic}.
-
address@hidden C-M-s @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-summary-by-regexp
- @kbd{C-M-s @var{regexp} @key{RET}} (@code{rmail-summary-by-regexp})
-makes a partial summary which mentions only the messages whose headers
-(including the date and the subject lines) match the regular
-expression @var{regexp}.
-
- Note that there is only one summary buffer for any Rmail file;
-making any kind of summary discards any previous summary.
-
address@hidden rmail-summary-window-size
address@hidden rmail-summary-line-count-flag
- The variable @code{rmail-summary-window-size} says how many lines to
-use for the summary window. The variable
address@hidden controls whether the summary line
-for a message should include the line count of the message.
-
address@hidden Rmail Summary Edit
address@hidden Editing in Summaries
-
- You can use the Rmail summary buffer to do almost anything you can do
-in the Rmail buffer itself. In fact, once you have a summary buffer,
-there's no need to switch back to the Rmail buffer.
-
- You can select and display various messages in the Rmail buffer, from
-the summary buffer, just by moving point in the summary buffer to
-different lines. It doesn't matter what Emacs command you use to move
-point; whichever line point is on at the end of the command, that
-message is selected in the Rmail buffer.
-
- Almost all Rmail commands work in the summary buffer as well as in the
-Rmail buffer. Thus, @kbd{d} in the summary buffer deletes the current
-message, @kbd{u} undeletes, and @kbd{x} expunges. (However, in the
-summary buffer, a numeric argument to @kbd{d}, @kbd{C-d} and @kbd{u}
-serves as a repeat count. A negative argument reverses the meaning of
address@hidden and @kbd{C-d}.) @kbd{o} and @kbd{C-o} output the current
-message to a file; @kbd{r} starts a reply to it. You can scroll the
-current message while remaining in the summary buffer using @key{SPC}
-and @key{DEL}.
-
- The Rmail commands to move between messages also work in the summary
-buffer, but with a twist: they move through the set of messages included
-in the summary. They also ensure the Rmail buffer appears on the screen
-(unlike cursor motion commands, which update the contents of the Rmail
-buffer but don't display it in a window unless it already appears).
-Here is a list of these commands:
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden n
-Move to next line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select its
-message.
address@hidden p
-Move to previous line, skipping lines saying `deleted', and select
-its message.
address@hidden M-n
-Move to next line and select its message.
address@hidden M-p
-Move to previous line and select its message.
address@hidden >
-Move to the last line, and select its message.
address@hidden <
-Move to the first line, and select its message.
address@hidden j
address@hidden @key{RET}
-Select the message on the current line (ensuring that the RMAIL buffer
-appears on the screen). With argument @var{n}, select message number
address@hidden and move to its line in the summary buffer; this signals an
-error if the message is not listed in the summary buffer.
address@hidden M-s @var{pattern} @key{RET}
-Search through messages for @var{pattern} starting with the current
-message; select the message found, and move point in the summary buffer
-to that message's line.
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden rmail-redisplay-summary
- Deletion, undeletion, and getting new mail, and even selection of a
-different message all update the summary buffer when you do them in the
-Rmail buffer. If the variable @code{rmail-redisplay-summary} is
address@hidden, these actions also bring the summary buffer back onto
-the screen.
-
address@hidden Q @r{(Rmail summary)}
address@hidden rmail-summary-wipe
address@hidden q @r{(Rmail summary)}
address@hidden rmail-summary-quit
- When you are finished using the summary, type @kbd{Q}
-(@code{rmail-summary-wipe}) to delete the summary buffer's window. You
-can also exit Rmail while in the summary: @kbd{q}
-(@code{rmail-summary-quit}) deletes the summary window, then exits from
-Rmail by saving the Rmail file and switching to another buffer.
-
address@hidden Rmail Sorting
address@hidden Sorting the Rmail File
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden M-x rmail-sort-by-date
-Sort messages of current Rmail file by date.
-
address@hidden M-x rmail-sort-by-subject
-Sort messages of current Rmail file by subject.
-
address@hidden M-x rmail-sort-by-author
-Sort messages of current Rmail file by author's name.
-
address@hidden M-x rmail-sort-by-recipient
-Sort messages of current Rmail file by recipient's names.
-
address@hidden M-x rmail-sort-by-correspondent
-Sort messages of current Rmail file by the name of the other
-correspondent.
-
address@hidden M-x rmail-sort-by-lines
-Sort messages of current Rmail file by size (number of lines).
-
address@hidden M-x rmail-sort-by-keywords @key{RET} @var{labels} @key{RET}
-Sort messages of current Rmail file by labels. The argument
address@hidden should be a comma-separated list of labels. The order of
-these labels specifies the order of messages; messages with the first
-label come first, messages with the second label come second, and so on.
-Messages which have none of these labels come last.
address@hidden table
-
- The Rmail sort commands perform a @emph{stable sort}: if there is no
-reason to prefer either one of two messages, their order remains
-unchanged. You can use this to sort by more than one criterion. For
-example, if you use @code{rmail-sort-by-date} and then
address@hidden, messages from the same author appear in
-order by date.
-
- With a numeric argument, all these commands reverse the order of
-comparison. This means they sort messages from newest to oldest, from
-biggest to smallest, or in reverse alphabetical order.
-
address@hidden Rmail Display
address@hidden Display of Messages
-
- Rmail reformats the header of each message before displaying it for
-the first time. Reformatting hides uninteresting header fields to
-reduce clutter. You can use the @kbd{t} command to show the entire
-header or to repeat the header reformatting operation.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden t
-Toggle display of complete header (@code{rmail-toggle-header}).
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden rmail-ignored-headers
address@hidden rmail-nonignored-headers
- Reformatting the header involves deleting most header fields, on the
-grounds that they are not interesting. The variable
address@hidden holds a regular expression that specifies
-which header fields to hide in this way---if it matches the beginning
-of a header field, that whole field is hidden. However, the variable
address@hidden provides a further override: a header
-matching that regular expression is shown even if it matches
address@hidden too.
-
address@hidden t @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-toggle-header
- Rmail saves the complete original header before reformatting; to see
-it, use the @kbd{t} command (@code{rmail-toggle-header}). This
-discards the reformatted headers of the current message and displays
-it with the original header. Repeating @kbd{t} reformats the message
-again, which shows only the interesting headers according to the
-current values of those variable. Selecting the message again also
-reformats it if necessary.
-
- One consequence of this is that if you edit the reformatted header
-(using @kbd{e}; @pxref{Rmail Editing}), subsequent use of @kbd{t} will
-discard your edits. On the other hand, if you use @kbd{e} after
address@hidden, to edit the original (unreformatted) header, those changes are
-permanent.
-
- When the @kbd{t} command has a prefix argument, a positive argument
-means to show the reformatted header, and a zero or negative argument
-means to show the full header.
-
address@hidden rmail-highlighted-headers
- When the terminal supports multiple fonts or colors, Rmail
-highlights certain header fields that are especially interesting---by
-default, the @samp{From} and @samp{Subject} fields. The variable
address@hidden holds a regular expression that
-specifies the header fields to highlight; if it matches the beginning
-of a header field, that whole field is highlighted.
-
- If you specify unusual colors for your text foreground and
-background, the colors used for highlighting may not go well with
-them. If so, specify different colors by setting the variable
address@hidden to a suitable face. To turn off
-highlighting entirely in Rmail, set @code{rmail-highlighted-headers}
-to @code{nil}.
-
- You can highlight and activate URLs in incoming messages by adding
-the function @code{goto-address} to the hook
address@hidden Then you can browse these URLs by
-clicking on them with @kbd{Mouse-2} (or @kbd{Mouse-1} quickly) or by
-moving to one and typing @kbd{C-c @key{RET}}. @xref{Goto-address,
-Activating URLs, Activating URLs}.
-
address@hidden Rmail Coding
address@hidden Rmail and Coding Systems
-
address@hidden decoding mail messages (Rmail)
- Rmail automatically decodes messages which contain address@hidden
-characters, just as Emacs does with files you visit and with subprocess
-output. Rmail uses the standard @address@hidden header in
-the message, if any, to determine how the message was encoded by the
-sender. It maps @var{charset} into the corresponding Emacs coding
-system (@pxref{Coding Systems}), and uses that coding system to decode
-message text. If the message header doesn't have the @samp{charset}
-specification, or if @var{charset} is not recognized,
-Rmail chooses the coding system with the usual Emacs heuristics and
-defaults (@pxref{Recognize Coding}).
-
address@hidden fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages
- Occasionally, a message is decoded incorrectly, either because Emacs
-guessed the wrong coding system in the absence of the @samp{charset}
-specification, or because the specification was inaccurate. For
-example, a misconfigured mailer could send a message with a
address@hidden header when the message is actually encoded
-in @code{koi8-r}. When you see the message text garbled, or some of
-its characters displayed as empty boxes, this may have happened.
-
address@hidden rmail-redecode-body
- You can correct the problem by decoding the message again using the
-right coding system, if you can figure out or guess which one is
-right. To do this, invoke the @kbd{M-x rmail-redecode-body} command.
-It reads the name of a coding system, encodes the message body using
-whichever coding system was used to decode it before, then redecodes
-it using the coding system you specified. If you specified the right
-coding system, the result should be readable.
-
- Decoding and encoding using the wrong coding system is lossless for
-most encodings, in particular with 8-bit encodings such as iso-8859 or
-koi8. So, if the initial attempt to redecode the message didn't
-result in a legible text, you can try other coding systems until you
-succeed.
-
- With some coding systems, notably those from the iso-2022 family,
-information can be lost in decoding, so that encoding the message
-again won't bring back the original incoming text. In such a case,
address@hidden cannot work. However, the problems that
-call for use of @code{rmail-redecode-body} rarely occur with those
-coding systems. So in practice the command works when you need it.
-
address@hidden Rmail Editing
address@hidden Editing Within a Message
-
- Most of the usual Emacs commands are available in Rmail mode, though a
-few, such as @kbd{C-M-n} and @kbd{C-M-h}, are redefined by Rmail for
-other purposes. However, the Rmail buffer is normally read only, and
-most of the letters are redefined as Rmail commands. If you want to
-edit the text of a message, you must use the Rmail command @kbd{e}.
-
address@hidden @kbd
address@hidden e
-Edit the current message as ordinary text.
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden e @r{(Rmail)}
address@hidden rmail-edit-current-message
- The @kbd{e} command (@code{rmail-edit-current-message}) switches from
-Rmail mode into Rmail Edit mode, another major mode which is nearly the
-same as Text mode. The mode line indicates this change.
-
- In Rmail Edit mode, letters insert themselves as usual and the Rmail
-commands are not available. When you are finished editing the message and
-are ready to go back to Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-c}, which switches back to
-Rmail mode. Alternatively, you can return to Rmail mode but cancel all the
-editing that you have done, by typing @kbd{C-c C-]}.
-
address@hidden rmail-edit-mode-hook
- Entering Rmail Edit mode runs the hook @code{text-mode-hook}; then it
-runs the hook @code{rmail-edit-mode-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}). It adds the
-attribute @samp{edited} to the message. It also displays the full
-headers of the message, so that you can edit the headers as well as the
-body of the message, and your changes in the headers will be
-permanent.
-
address@hidden Rmail Digest
address@hidden Digest Messages
address@hidden digest message
address@hidden undigestify
-
- A @dfn{digest message} is a message which exists to contain and carry
-several other messages. Digests are used on some moderated mailing
-lists; all the messages that arrive for the list during a period of time
-such as one day are put inside a single digest which is then sent to the
-subscribers. Transmitting the single digest uses much less computer
-time than transmitting the individual messages even though the total
-size is the same, because the per-message overhead in network mail
-transmission is considerable.
-
address@hidden undigestify-rmail-message
- When you receive a digest message, the most convenient way to read it is
-to @dfn{undigestify} it: to turn it back into many individual messages.
-Then you can read and delete the individual messages as it suits you.
-To do this, select the digest message and type the command @kbd{M-x
-undigestify-rmail-message}. This extracts the submessages as separate
-Rmail messages, and inserts them following the digest. The digest
-message itself is flagged as deleted.
-
address@hidden Out of Rmail
address@hidden Converting an Rmail File to Inbox Format
address@hidden Babyl format to Inbox format
address@hidden converting Rmail file to mailbox format
-
address@hidden unrmail
- The command @kbd{M-x unrmail} converts a file in Rmail format to inbox
-format (also known as the system mailbox, or mbox, format), so that
-you can use it with other mail-editing tools. You must specify two
-arguments, the name of the Rmail file and the name to use for the
-converted file. @kbd{M-x unrmail} does not alter the Rmail file itself.
-
address@hidden b2m
- @kbd{M-x unrmail} is useful if you can run Emacs on the machine
-where the Rmail file resides, or can access the Rmail file remotely
-(@pxref{Remote Files}) from a machine where Emacs is installed. If
-accessing Rmail files from Emacs is impossible, you can use the
address@hidden program instead. @command{b2m} is part of the Emacs
-distribution, it is installed into the same directory where all the
-other auxiliary programs (@command{etags} etc.) are installed, and its
-source is available in the Emacs source distribution, so that you
-could copy the source to the target machine and compile it there.
-
- To convert a file @address@hidden into @address@hidden,
-invoke @command{b2m} like this:
-
address@hidden
- b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file}
address@hidden example
-
address@hidden Rmail Rot13
address@hidden Reading Rot13 Messages
address@hidden rot13 code
-
- Mailing list messages that might offend some readers are sometimes
-encoded in a simple code called @dfn{rot13}---so named because it
-rotates the alphabet by 13 letters. This code is not for secrecy, as it
-provides none; rather, it enables those who might be offended to avoid
-seeing the real text of the message.
-
address@hidden rot13-other-window
- To view a buffer which uses the rot13 code, use the command @kbd{M-x
-rot13-other-window}. This displays the current buffer in another window
-which applies the code when displaying the text.
-
address@hidden Movemail
address@hidden @code{movemail} program
address@hidden @code{movemail} program
-
- When invoked for the first time, Rmail attempts to locate the
address@hidden program and determine its version. There are two
-versions of @code{movemail} program: the native one, shipped with GNU
-Emacs (the ``emacs version'') and the one included in GNU mailutils
-(the ``mailutils version,'' @pxref{movemail,,,mailutils,GNU
-mailutils}). They support the same command line syntax and the same
-basic subset of options. However, the Mailutils version offers
-additional features.
-
- The Emacs version of @code{movemail} is able to retrieve mail from
-usual UNIX mailbox formats and from remote mailboxes using the POP3
-protocol.
-
- The Mailutils version is able to handle a wide set of mailbox
-formats, such as plain UNIX mailboxes, @code{maildir} and @code{MH}
-mailboxes, etc. It is able to retrieve remote mail using POP3 or
-IMAP4 protocol, and can retrieve mail from them using a TLS encrypted
-channel. It also accepts mailbox argument in the @acronym{URL} form.
-The detailed description of mailbox @acronym{URL}s can be found in
address@hidden,,,mailutils,Mailbox URL Formats}. In short, a @acronym{URL}
-is:
-
address@hidden
address@hidden://address@hidden:@var{password}]@@address@hidden
address@hidden smallexample
-
address@hidden
-where square brackets denote optional elements.
-
address@hidden @var
address@hidden proto
-Specifies the @dfn{mailbox protocol}, or @dfn{format} to
-use. The exact semantics of the rest of @acronym{URL} elements depends
-on the actual value of @var{proto} (see below).
-
address@hidden user
-User name to access the remote mailbox.
-
address@hidden password
-User password to access the remote mailbox.
-
address@hidden host-or-file-name
-Hostname of the remote server for remote mailboxes or file name of a
-local mailbox.
address@hidden table
-
address@hidden
address@hidden can be one of:
-
address@hidden @code
address@hidden mbox
-Usual UNIX mailbox format. In this case, neither @var{user} nor
address@hidden are used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the file name of
-the mailbox file, e.g., @code{mbox://var/spool/mail/smith}.
-
address@hidden mh
-A local mailbox in the @acronym{MH} format. @var{User} and
address@hidden are not used. @var{Host-or-file-name} denotes the name of
address@hidden folder, e.g., @code{mh://Mail/inbox}.
-
address@hidden maildir
-A local mailbox in the @acronym{maildir} format. @var{User} and
address@hidden are not used, and @var{host-or-file-name} denotes the name of
address@hidden mailbox, e.g., @code{maildir://mail/inbox}.
-
address@hidden file
-Any local mailbox format. Its actual format is detected automatically
-by @code{movemail}.
-
address@hidden pop
-A remote mailbox to be accessed via POP3 protocol. @var{User}
-specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to
-specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP
-address of the remote mail server to connect to; e.g.,
address@hidden://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}.
-
address@hidden imap
-A remote mailbox to be accessed via IMAP4 protocol. @var{User}
-specifies the remote user name to use, @var{pass} may be used to
-specify the user password, @var{host-or-file-name} is the name or IP
-address of the remote mail server to connect to;
-e.g., @code{imap://smith:guessme@@remote.server.net}.
address@hidden table
-
- Alternatively, you can specify the file name of the mailbox to use.
-This is equivalent to specifying the @samp{file} protocol:
-
address@hidden
-/var/spool/mail/@var{user} @equiv{} file://var/spool/mail/@var{user}
address@hidden smallexample
-
address@hidden rmail-movemail-program
address@hidden rmail-movemail-search-path
- The variable @code{rmail-movemail-program} controls which version of
address@hidden to use. If that is a string, it specifies the
-absolute file name of the @code{movemail} executable. If it is
address@hidden, Rmail searches for @code{movemail} in the directories
-listed in @code{rmail-movemail-search-path} and @code{exec-path}, then
-in @code{exec-directory}.
-
address@hidden Remote Mailboxes
address@hidden Retrieving Mail from Remote Mailboxes
address@hidden movemail
-
- Some sites use a method called POP for accessing users' inbox data
-instead of storing the data in inbox files. The @code{Emacs
-movemail} can work with POP if you compile it with the macro
address@hidden defined. (You can achieve that by specifying
address@hidden when you run @code{configure} during the
-installation of Emacs.)
-
-The Mailutils @code{movemail} by default supports POP, unless it was
-configured with @samp{--disable-pop} option.
-
-Both versions of @code{movemail} only work with POP3, not with older
-versions of POP.
-
address@hidden @env{MAILHOST} environment variable
address@hidden POP mailboxes
- No matter which flavor of @code{movemail} you use, you can specify
-POP inbox by using POP @dfn{URL} (@pxref{Movemail}). A POP
address@hidden is a ``file name'' of the form
address@hidden://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}, where
address@hidden is the host name or IP address of the remote mail
-server and @var{username} is the user name on that server.
-Additionally, you may specify the password in the mailbox @acronym{URL}:
address@hidden://@var{username}:@var{password}@@@var{hostname}}. In this
-case, @var{password} takes preference over the one set by
address@hidden This is especially useful if you have
-several remote mailboxes with different passwords.
-
- For backward compatibility, Rmail also supports two alternative ways
-of specifying remote POP mailboxes. First, specifying an inbox name
-in the form @samp{po:@var{username}:@var{hostname}} is equivalent to
address@hidden://@var{username}@@@var{hostname}}. Alternatively, you may
-set a ``file name'' of @samp{po:@var{username}} in the inbox list of
-an Rmail file. @code{movemail} will handle such a name by opening a
-connection to the POP server. In this case, the @env{MAILHOST}
-environment variable specifies the machine on which to look for the
-POP server.
-
address@hidden IMAP mailboxes
- Another method for accessing remote mailboxes is IMAP. This method is
-supported only by the Mailutils @code{movemail}. To specify an IMAP
-mailbox in the inbox list, use the following mailbox @acronym{URL}:
address@hidden://@var{username}[:@var{password}]@@@var{hostname}}. The
address@hidden part is optional, as described above.
-
address@hidden rmail-remote-password
address@hidden rmail-remote-password-required
address@hidden rmail-pop-password
address@hidden rmail-pop-password-required
- Accessing a remote mailbox may require a password. Rmail uses the
-following algorithm to retrieve it:
-
address@hidden
address@hidden
-If the @var{password} is present in mailbox URL (see above), it is
-used.
address@hidden
-If the variable @code{rmail-remote-password} is address@hidden, its
-value is used.
address@hidden
-Otherwise, if @code{rmail-remote-password-required} is address@hidden,
-then Rmail will ask you for the password to use.
address@hidden
-Otherwise, Rmail assumes no password is required.
address@hidden enumerate
-
- For compatibility with previous versions, the variables
address@hidden and @code{rmail-pop-password-required} may
-be used instead of @code{rmail-remote-password} and
address@hidden
-
address@hidden rmail-movemail-flags
- If you need to pass additional command-line flags to @code{movemail},
-set the variable @code{rmail-movemail-flags} a list of the flags you
-wish to use. Do not use this variable to pass the @samp{-p} flag to
-preserve your inbox contents; use @code{rmail-preserve-inbox} instead.
-
address@hidden Kerberos POP authentication
- The @code{movemail} program installed at your site may support
-Kerberos authentication. If it is
-supported, it is used by default whenever you attempt to retrieve
-POP mail when @code{rmail-pop-password} and
address@hidden are unset.
-
address@hidden reverse order in POP inboxes
- Some POP servers store messages in reverse order. If your server does
-this, and you would rather read your mail in the order in which it was
-received, you can tell @code{movemail} to reverse the order of
-downloaded messages by adding the @samp{-r} flag to
address@hidden
-
address@hidden TLS encryption (Rmail)
- Mailutils @code{movemail} supports TLS encryption. If you wish to
-use it, add the @samp{--tls} flag to @code{rmail-movemail-flags}.
-
address@hidden Other Mailbox Formats
address@hidden Retrieving Mail from Local Mailboxes in Various Formats
-
- If your incoming mail is stored on a local machine in a format other
-than UNIX mailbox, you will need the Mailutils @code{movemail} to
-retrieve it. @xref{Movemail}, for the detailed description of
address@hidden versions. For example, to access mail from a inbox in
address@hidden format located in @file{/var/spool/mail/in}, you would
-include the following in the Rmail inbox list:
-
address@hidden
-maildir://var/spool/mail/in
address@hidden smallexample
-
address@hidden
- arch-tag: 034965f6-38df-47a2-a9f1-b8bc8ab37e23
address@hidden ignore
- [Emacs-diffs] Changes to rmail.texi,
Glenn Morris <=