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bug#63716: 30.0.50; Unable to install external packages with Nix after r

From: Brian Leung
Subject: bug#63716: 30.0.50; Unable to install external packages with Nix after recent native-compilation changes
Date: Thu, 25 May 2023 11:12:58 +0000
Starting with the recent batch of native-comp commits ending with and including Emacs commit b2b2be98da5825e6bc130999ffe38f5ed615586a, using the Nix package manager I cannot install an Emacs containing natively-compiled external packages. (I have no problems on Emacs commit f4de81af8fc54ef278cdb76fbc5885ed7d05b2d7, which is the commit immediately preceding the first of the recent native-comp commits)
Building core Emacs (with native compilation) is successful, but I encounter problems upon running (https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs/blob/8fbdc4e6114795323ad2b74d13e1c842c5618b78/pkgs/build-support/emacs/melpa.nix#L99-L102): 


   emacs --batch -Q \
       -l "$elpa2nix" \
       -f elpa2nix-install-package \
       "$archive" "$out/share/emacs/site-lisp/elpa"
This fails when trying to run package-tar-file-info (https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs/blob/8fbdc4e6114795323ad2b74d13e1c842c5618b78/pkgs/build-support/emacs/elpa2nix.el#L14-L15). The full backtrace is here:
Error: error ("Can't find define-package in vterm-20230417.424/vterm-pkg.el") mapbacktrace(#f(compiled-function (evald func args flags) #<bytecode -0xe76c55f6510e41>)) 
   debug-early-backtrace()
debug-early(error (error "Can't find define-package in vterm-20230417.424/vterm-pkg.el")) error("Can't find define-package in %s" "vterm-20230417.424/vterm-pkg.el") 
   package-tar-file-info()
(if (derived-mode-p 'tar-mode) (package-tar-file-info) (package-buffer-info)) (let ((pkg-desc (if (derived-mode-p 'tar-mode) (package-tar-file-info) (package-buffer-info)))) (package-unpack pkg-desc) pkg-desc) 
   elpa2nix-install-from-buffer()
(progn (if is-tar (insert-file-contents-literally file) (insert-file-contents file)) (if is-tar (progn (tar-mode))) (elpa2nix-install-from-buffer)) (unwind-protect (progn (if is-tar (insert-file-contents-literally file) (insert-file-contents file)) (if is-tar (progn (tar-mode))) (elpa2nix-install-from-buffer)) (and (buffer-name temp-buffer) (kill-buffer temp-buffer))) (save-current-buffer (set-buffer temp-buffer) (unwind-protect (progn (if is-tar (insert-file-contents-literally file) (insert-file-contents file)) (if is-tar (progn (tar-mode))) (elpa2nix-install-from-buffer)) (and (buffer-name temp-buffer) (kill-buffer temp-buffer)))) (let ((temp-buffer (generate-new-buffer " *temp*" t))) (save-current-buffer (set-buffer temp-buffer) (unwind-protect (progn (if is-tar (insert-file-contents-literally file) (insert-file-contents file)) (if is-tar (progn (tar-mode))) (elpa2nix-install-from-buffer)) (and (buffer-name temp-buffer) (kill-buffer temp-buffer))))) (let ((is-tar (string-match "\\.tar\\'" file))) (let ((temp-buffer (generate-new-buffer " *temp*" t))) (save-current-buffer (set-buffer temp-buffer) (unwind-protect (progn (if is-tar (insert-file-contents-literally file) (insert-file-contents file)) (if is-tar (progn (tar-mode))) (elpa2nix-install-from-buffer)) (and (buffer-name temp-buffer) (kill-buffer temp-buffer)))))) 
   elpa2nix-install-file("/build/packages/vterm-20230417.424.tar")
(progn (setq package-user-dir elpa) (elpa2nix-install-file archive)) (let ((archive x0) (elpa x2)) (progn (setq package-user-dir elpa) (elpa2nix-install-file archive))) (if (null x3) (let ((archive x0) (elpa x2)) (progn (setq package-user-dir elpa) (elpa2nix-install-file archive)))) (let* ((x2 (car-safe x1)) (x3 (cdr-safe x1))) (if (null x3) (let ((archive x0) (elpa x2)) (progn (setq package-user-dir elpa) (elpa2nix-install-file archive))))) (if (consp x1) (let* ((x2 (car-safe x1)) (x3 (cdr-safe x1))) (if (null x3) (let ((archive x0) (elpa x2)) (progn (setq package-user-dir elpa) (elpa2nix-install-file archive)))))) (let* ((x0 (car-safe command-line-args-left)) (x1 (cdr-safe command-line-args-left))) (if (consp x1) (let* ((x2 (car-safe x1)) (x3 (cdr-safe x1))) (if (null x3) (let ((archive x0) (elpa x2)) (progn (setq package-user-dir elpa) (elpa2nix-install-file archive))))))) (if (consp command-line-args-left) (let* ((x0 (car-safe command-line-args-left)) (x1 (cdr-safe command-line-args-left))) (if (consp x1) (let* ((x2 (car-safe x1)) (x3 (cdr-safe x1))) (if (null x3) (let ((archive x0) (elpa x2)) (progn (setq package-user-dir elpa) (elpa2nix-install-file archive)))))))) 
   elpa2nix-install-package()
command-line-1(("-l" "/nix/store/4jj63z4v1xp13rh2md053dccq920hd45-elpa2nix.el" "-f" "elpa2nix-install-package" "/build/packages/vterm-20230417.424.tar" "/nix/store/rf3rsbn6sa1l5v8pbsk02g0nrm5a7pnr-emacs-vterm-20230417.424/share/emacs/site-lisp/elpa")) 
   command-line()
   normal-top-level()
I do not encounter any problems if I do not native-compile, or if I use an earlier commit as I mentioned.
Unlike the possibly-related and unresolved bug#63288, the error I am now getting appears to be consistently reproducible when I revert ea9831bb3cb4878273f6f848051c9b8c3c76d5f1, which in a Nix sandbox would non-deterministically cause external packages to fail during native compilation. I have also noticed the same error occurring when I leave ea9831bb3cb4878273f6f848051c9b8c3c76d5f1 unreverted, though I haven't tested this latter scenario often enough to be sure that ea9831bb3cb4878273f6f848051c9b8c3c76d5f1 has no impact since I was worried that the non-determinism would complicate things. 

CCing Andrea Corallo.
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